Abstract: In a network comprising both fixed transmission points and mobile transmission points, the transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals that allow WTRUs to detect and/or synchronize to the transmission points. The fixed and mobile transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals with different characteristics that allow the WTRUs to distinguish between fixed and mobile transmission points. The mobile transmission points may also transmit a separate maintenance reference signal that allows WTRUs to maintain a connection with the mobile transmission point. For networks in which fixed a mobile transmission points operate in different frequency bands, the mobile transmission points may also periodically transmit discovery beacon signals in the frequency band of the fixed transmission points to allow discovery. Conditions may be imposed on WTRUs before the WTRU will transmit to the network a measurement report reporting on a potential transmission point to which it may be switched.

Abstract: A method and a sensor for detecting L-cystine are disclosed. The method is implemented by assembling a sodium 3,3?-dithiodipropane sulfonate (SPS) membrane on a surface of Au membrane layer of an Au electrode and using an extended gate of field effect transistor (FET) and in-situ signal amplification of the FET to detect L-cystine sensitively. The polyanion of the SPS membrane adsorbs and binds a positively charged target L-cystine through electrostatic interaction, thus forming an electric double layer structure to generate a membrane potential identifying a monovalent organic ammonium ion. The sensor includes the FET, wherein a gate-extended gold electrode is arranged on the FET, and the SPS membrane is assembled on the surface of the Au membrane layer of the gate-extended gold electrode. The sensor has an excellent Nernst response to L-cystine.

Abstract: A key-value store and a file system are integrated together to provide improved operations. The key-value store can include a log engine, a hash engine, a sorting engine, and a garbage collection manager. The features of the key-value store can be configured to reduce the number of I/O operations involving the file system, thereby improving read efficiency, reducing write latency, and reducing write amplification issues inherent in the combined key-value store and file system.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for improved point querying of a database. The index values are separated from data and retained in cache memory to allow access without requiring a disk input/output (I/O) operation and thereby having less latency resulting from such disk I/O operations. The index values can be compressed using an algorithm such as Crit-Bit-Trie to allow storage of the index values in limited cache memory space. The index values can be selected for storage according to a least recently used approach when cache memory is insufficient to store all index values to maintain a hit rate for the cached portion and reduce the disk I/O operations.

Abstract: A method for assessing drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae includes the following steps. A test sample is provided, wherein the test sample includes a Klebsiella pneumoniae. A spectrum analysis step is performed, wherein the test sample is detected by a mass spectrometry method so as to obtain a target mass spectrum data. An assessing step for drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is performed, wherein the target mass spectrum data is analyzed so as to assess whether the Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to a carbapenem antibiotic or a colistin or not. When the Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to the carbapenem antibiotic, the target mass spectrum data includes a first anti-carbapenem feature mark, and when the Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to the colistin, the target mass spectrum data includes a first anti-colistin feature mark.

Abstract: In a network comprising both fixed transmission points and mobile transmission points, the transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals that allow WTRUs to detect and/or synchronize to the transmission points. The fixed and mobile transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals with different characteristics that allow the WTRUs to distinguish between fixed and mobile transmission points. The mobile transmission points may also transmit a separate maintenance reference signal that allows WTRUs to maintain a connection with the mobile transmission point. For networks in which fixed a mobile transmission points operate in different frequency bands, the mobile transmission points may also periodically transmit discovery beacon signals in the frequency band of the fixed transmission points to allow discovery. Conditions may be imposed on WTRUs before the WTRU will transmit to the network a measurement report reporting on a potential transmission point to which it may be switched.

Abstract: A WTRU may determine that a LTE cell at least partially overlaps in frequency with an NR cell. The WTRU may determine that an NR transmission is to be received within a set of resources that are included in at least a portion of the NR cell that at least partially overlaps with the LTE cell. The WTRU may determine a subset of resources within the set of resources that correspond to an LTE common transmission. The WTRU may receive the NR transmission within the set of resources. The NR transmission may not be included in the subset of resources that correspond to the LTE common transmission. The LTE common transmission may include one or more of a common control signal, a cell-specific broadcast signal, cell-specific reference signals, a physical downlink control channel, a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, and/or a channel state information reference signal.

Abstract: In a network comprising both fixed transmission points and mobile transmission points, the transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals that allow WTRUs to detect and/or synchronize to the transmission points. The fixed and mobile transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals with different characteristics that allow the WTRUs to distinguish between fixed and mobile transmission points. The mobile transmission points may also transmit a separate maintenance reference signal that allows WTRUs to maintain a connection with the mobile transmission point. For networks in which fixed a mobile transmission points operate in different frequency bands, the mobile transmission points may also periodically transmit discovery beacon signals in the frequency band of the fixed transmission points to allow discovery. Conditions may be imposed on WTRUs before the WTRU will transmit to the network a measurement report reporting on a potential transmission point to which it may be switched.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for dynamic interference management in NR dynamic TDD systems. A first WTRU (e.g., an aggressor WTRU) may receive downlink control information (DCI). The first WTRU may determine a first priority associated with the first WTRU. The first WTRU may determine the first priority based on one or more of the DCI or a logical channel prioritization. The first WTRU may receive an interference measurement reference signal (IMRS) transmission from a second WTRU (e.g., a victim WTRU). The first WTRU may measure the received IMRS transmission. The first WTRU may determine a second priority associated with a downlink payload of the second WTRU. The first WTRU may determine that the second priority is greater than the first priority. The first WTRU may adjust an uplink transmission power of the first WTRU, for example, based on the first priority and the second priority.

Abstract: In a network comprising both fixed transmission points and mobile transmission points, the transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals that allow WTRUs to detect and/or synchronize to the transmission points. The fixed and mobile transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals with different characteristics that allow the WTRUs to distinguish between fixed and mobile transmission points. The mobile transmission points may also transmit a separate maintenance reference signal that allows WTRUs to maintain a connection with the mobile transmission point. For networks in which fixed a mobile transmission points operate in different frequency bands, the mobile transmission points may also periodically transmit discovery beacon signals in the frequency band of the fixed transmission points to allow discovery. Conditions may be imposed on WTRUs before the WTRU will transmit to the network a measurement report reporting on a potential transmission point to which it may be switched.

Abstract: In a network comprising both fixed transmission points and mobile transmission points, the transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals that allow WTRUs to detect and/or synchronize to the transmission points. The fixed and mobile transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals with different characteristics that allow the WTRUs to distinguish between fixed and mobile transmission points. The mobile transmission points may also transmit a separate maintenance reference signal that allows WTRUs to maintain a connection with the mobile transmission point. For networks in which fixed a mobile transmission points operate in different frequency bands, the mobile transmission points may also periodically transmit discovery beacon signals in the frequency band of the fixed transmission points to allow discovery. Conditions may be imposed on WTRUs before the WTRU will transmit to the network a measurement report reporting on a potential transmission point to which it may be switched.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for dynamic interference management in NR dynamic TDD systems. A first WTRU (e.g., an aggressor WTRU) may receive downlink control information (DCI). The first WTRU may determine a first priority associated with the first WTRU. The first WTRU may determine the first priority based on one or more of the DCI or a logical channel prioritization. The first WTRU may receive an interference measurement reference signal (IMRS) transmission from a second WTRU (e.g., a victim WTRU). The first WTRU may measure the received IMRS transmission. The first WTRU may determine a second priority associated with a downlink payload of the second WTRU. The first WTRU may determine that the second priority is greater than the first priority. The first WTRU may adjust an uplink transmission power of the first WTRU, for example, based on the first priority and the second priority.

Abstract: In a network comprising both fixed transmission points and mobile transmission points, the transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals that allow WTRUs to detect and/or synchronize to the transmission points. The fixed and mobile transmission points may transmit discovery reference signals with different characteristics that allow the WTRUs to distinguish between fixed and mobile transmission points. The mobile transmission points may also transmit a separate maintenance reference signal that allows WTRUs to maintain a connection with the mobile transmission point. For networks in which fixed a mobile transmission points operate in different frequency bands, the mobile transmission points may also periodically transmit discovery beacon signals in the frequency band of the fixed transmission points to allow discovery. Conditions may be imposed on WTRUs before the WTRU will transmit to the network a measurement report reporting on a potential transmission point to which it may be switched.

Abstract: A WTRU may determine that a LTE cell at least partially overlaps in frequency with an NR cell. The WTRU may determine that an NR transmission is to be received within a set of resources that are included in at least a portion of the NR cell that at least partially overlaps with the LTE cell. The WTRU may determine a subset of resources within the set of resources that correspond to an LTE common transmission. The WTRU may receive the NR transmission within the set of resources. The NR transmission may not be included in the subset of resources that correspond to the LTE common transmission. The LTE common transmission may include one or more of a common control signal, a cell-specific broadcast signal, cell-specific reference signals, a physical downlink control channel, a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, and/or a channel state information reference signal.