Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating a cognitive impairment-related disease, which includes mumefural, and more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition; a health functional food composition; and a feed composition respectively for preventing or treating a cognitive impairment-related disease; a health functional food composition for enhancing learning ability, cognitive function, or memory, each composition including mumefural or an acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient; and a method of treating a cognitive impairment-related disease using the pharmaceutical composition. Due to excellent effects of the mumefural of the present invention on normalizing damage to the brain (i.e., basal forebrain, white matter, hippocampus, etc.) and excellent effects thereof on enhancing memory, the mumefural of the present invention may be effectively used to treat neurodegenerative diseases (i.e., dementia, Alzheimer's disease, etc.