Abstract: According to one aspect, provided are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) having enhanced osteogenic differentiation capacity, having excellent osteogenic differentiation capacity, adipogenic differentiation capacity, chondrogenic differentiation capacity, and neurogenic differentiation capacity, and particularly, significantly superior osteogenic differentiation capacity to MSCs derived from other sources. In addition, the MSCs having enhanced osteogenic differentiation capacity exhibit low immunological rejection and have effects of preventing or treating a bone disease and estrogen deficiency syndrome. Furthermore, proliferative ability and karyotype stability of the MSCs having enhanced osteogenic differentiation capacity are maintained even after continuous subculturing, and thus the MSCs having enhanced osteogenic differentiation capacity are safe for commercialization and capable of being mass-produced.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment presenting defined physical or mechanical cues that regulate cellular behavior and use of the matrix. The disclosure also provides for devices and methods for screening for optimal combinations of physical and mechanical cues in order to create a microenvironment that can regulate specific cellular behavior such as cell growth, proliferation, migration or differentiation.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment presenting defined physical or mechanical cues that regulate cellular behavior and use of the matrix. The disclosure also provides for devices and methods for screening for optimal combinations of physical and mechanical cues in order to create a microenvironment that can regulate specific cellular behavior such as cell growth, proliferation, migration or differentiation.