Abstract: A composite curing system includes system includes a constraining container and an expandable medium. The constraining container includes a base and a cover and has an interior volume. The constraining container is configured to enclose at least a portion of a composite structure. The expandable medium configured to be disposed within the interior volume between at least a portion of the constraining container and the composite structure. The interior volume of the constraining container is selectively variable.

Abstract: A system for locally curing a composite structure includes a constraining container including a cover and having an interior volume. The cover is configured to enclose a portion of a composite structure. The system includes a retainer configured to hold the cover against the composite structure. The system included an expandable medium configured to be disposed within the interior volume of the cover between the walls and the composite structure.

Abstract: A composite curing system includes a casting and an expandable medium. The casting is configured to be applied over at least a portion of a composite structure and to harden to enclose at least the portion of the composite structure. The expandable medium is configured to expand such that the expandable medium applies positive pressure to the composite structure and the casting.

Abstract: A composite curing system includes system includes a constraining container and an expandable medium. The constraining container includes a base and a cover and has an interior volume. The constraining container is configured to enclose at least a portion of a composite structure. The expandable medium configured to be disposed within the interior volume between at least a portion of the constraining container and the composite structure. The interior volume of the constraining container is selectively variable.

Abstract: A system for locally curing a composite structure includes a constraining container including a cover and having an interior volume. The cover is configured to enclose a portion of a composite structure. The system includes a retainer configured to hold the cover against the composite structure. The system included an expandable medium configured to be disposed within the interior volume of the cover between the walls and the composite structure.

Abstract: In certain aspects, a composition includes a monomer binder, a plurality of silica nanoparticles, a surface energy reducing additive, and a blend of a high polarity solvent and a low polarity solvent. The high polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 1.2 or greater, and the low polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 0.7 or less. In certain aspects, a coated substrate includes a substrate and a coating over the substrate. The substrate is selected from a group consisting of glass, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, and polyethylene terepthalate. The coating includes a polymer binder, a plurality of nanoparticles, and a surface energy reducing additive. The coated substrate has a transparency of at least about 80% light transmission at one or more wavelengths in a range of 380 nm to 740 nm.

Abstract: A hydrophobic-icephobic composition includes a monomer binder, an organic solvent, and a hydrolyzed organosilane. The hydrolyzed organosilane is represented by a formula of R1—Si—(OH)3. The R1 group comprises an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. A hydrophobic-icephobic coating over a substrate includes a polymer base and a polyorganosiloxane. The polyorganosiloxane includes —(R1—Si—O2)- units. The R1 group includes an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. One or more of the —(R1—Si—O2)- units of the polyorganosiloxane are may be chemically bonded to the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to adhesion promoting intercoating layers, selectively strippable coatings, coating compositions, and methods of making and using the compositions and coatings. A coating composition can be provided comprising an organic polymer containing acid functionalities, a metallic agent, and a boron agent, which may be used on a coated substrate as a selectively strippable and/or adhesion promoting intercoating layer. The coating compositions can be applied to coated substrates within a broad application window and used within multi layered coating systems.

Abstract: In certain aspects, a composition includes a monomer binder, a plurality of silica nanoparticles, a surface energy reducing additive, and a blend of a high polarity solvent and a low polarity solvent. The high polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 1.2 or greater, and the low polarity solvent has a dipole moment of about 0.7 or less. In certain aspects, a coated substrate includes a substrate and a coating over the substrate. The substrate is selected from a group consisting of glass, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, and polyethylene terepthalate. The coating includes a polymer binder, a plurality of nanoparticles, and a surface energy reducing additive. The coated substrate has a transparency of at least about 80% light transmission at one or more wavelengths in a range of 380 nm to 740 nm.

Abstract: A hydrophobic-icephobic composition includes a monomer binder, an organic solvent, and a hydrolyzed organosilane. The hydrolyzed organosilane is represented by a formula of R1—Si—(OH)3. The R1 group comprises an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. A hydrophobic-icephobic coating over a substrate includes a polymer base and a polyorganosiloxane. The polyorganosiloxane includes —(R1—Si—O2)— units. The R1 group includes an alkyl or a haloalkyl having from 3 to 40 carbons. One or more of the —(R1—Si—O2)— units of the polyorganosiloxane are may be chemically bonded to the substrate.

Abstract: A method of treating a contoured surface with surface treatment layer includes applying a surface preparation layer along the contoured surface and applying a basecoat layer on top of the surface preparation layer. The method further includes stabilizing the basecoat layer to prepare a basecoat surface along the basecoat layer for one or more subsequent layers of the surface treatment coating and jetting a decorative livery layer along the contoured surface using one or more ink jet print heads. The method further includes applying an adhesion promoter on top of the decorative livery layer and stabilizing the adhesion promoter layer to produce a desired bonding surface along the adhesion promoter layer. Additionally, the method includes applying a clear coat layer to cover the underlying decorative livery layer, the basecoat layer and the surface preparation layer.

Abstract: A method of treating a contoured surface with surface treatment layer includes applying a surface preparation layer along the contoured surface and applying a basecoat layer on top of the surface preparation layer. The method further includes stabilizing the basecoat layer to prepare a basecoat surface along the basecoat layer for one or more subsequent layers of the surface treatment coating and jetting a decorative livery layer along the contoured surface using one or more ink jet print heads. The method further includes applying an adhesion promoter on top of the decorative livery layer and stabilizing the adhesion promoter layer to produce a desired bonding surface along the adhesion promoter layer. Additionally, the method includes applying a clear coat layer to cover the underlying decorative livery layer, the basecoat layer and the surface preparation layer.

Abstract: A coating includes at least one coating layer containing first particles, second particles, and third particles distributed throughout a cross-linked, continuous polymer matrix. An outer surface of the coating layer includes surfaces of at least first particles extending outward from a top periphery of the polymer matrix. The outer surface exhibits a property of delaying ice formation compared to the coating layer without the first particles. A method includes applying a coating composition in one application step. The one-step coating composition contains first particles, second particles, and third particles in a base containing a polymer. A coating composition includes first particles, second particles, and third particles distributed in a matrix precursor.

Abstract: A coating includes at least one coating layer containing first particles, second particles, and third particles distributed throughout a cross-linked, continuous polymer matrix. An outer surface of the coating layer includes surfaces of at least first particles extending outward from a top periphery of the polymer matrix. The outer surface exhibits a property of delaying ice formation compared to the coating layer without the first particles. A method includes applying a coating composition in one application step. The one-step coating composition contains first particles, second particles, and third particles in a base containing a polymer. A coating composition includes first particles, second particles, and third particles distributed in a matrix precursor.

Abstract: A hybrid coating composition including an organosilane component, a metal alkoxide component and a surfactant component, with the metal alkoxide component present in the composition at a molar ratio of about 75:1 with respect to the surfactant component. The hybrid coating composition once cured on a transparent substrate has an initial clarity greater than 98. Transparent members are also disclosed that include a transparent substrate having the hybrid coating composition cured on a first major surface thereof.

Abstract: A coating includes at least one coating layer containing first particles, second particles, and third particles distributed throughout a cross-linked, continuous polymer matrix. An outer surface of the coating layer includes surfaces of at least first particles extending outward from a top periphery of the polymer matrix. The outer surface exhibits a property of delaying ice formation compared to the coating layer without the first particles. A method includes applying a coating composition in one application step. The one-step coating composition contains first particles, second particles, and third particles in a base containing a polymer. A coating composition includes first particles, second particles, and third particles distributed in a matrix precursor.

Abstract: A hybrid coating composition including an organosilane component, a metal alkoxide component and a surfactant component, with the metal alkoxide component present in the composition at a molar ratio of about 75:1 with respect to the surfactant component. The hybrid coating composition once cured on a transparent substrate has an initial clarity greater than 98. Transparent members are also disclosed that include a transparent substrate having the hybrid coating composition cured on a first major surface thereof.

Abstract: A hybrid coating including a mixture of an organosilane component, a metal alkoxide component and a surfactant component. A method for coating a substrate including cleaning a substrate surface, treating the surface with oxygen plasma, applying an adhesion promoter to the surface, then applying a hybrid coating to the surface and curing the hybrid coating. A method for making a hybrid coating includes preparing a mixture comprising an organosilane, a metal alkoxide and a surfactant, heating the mixture; and filtering the mixture.

Abstract: A method of activating an organic coating, a coated substrate having an activated coating and an activation treatment for an organic coating. In particular, the activation method improves the adhesion of the organic coating to further coating layers and/or to other entities.

Abstract: A hybrid coating including a mixture of an organosilane component, a metal alkoxide component and a surfactant component.