Abstract: The disclosure relates to the medical device field. In particular, the disclosure relates to a dynamically controlled plasma scalpel in combination with an imaging system to selectively remove biofilm while minimizing damage to healthy tissue. Systems and apparatuses according to the disclosure include: (1) dynamically controlled plasma scalpel, (2) biofilm imaging system, (3) computer control system, (4) three-dimensional scalpel positioning stage, and (5) biofilm detritus removal system.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the medical device field. In particular, the disclosure relates to a dynamically controlled plasma scalpel in combination with an imaging system to selectively remove biofilm while minimizing damage to healthy tissue. Systems and apparatuses according to the disclosure include: (1) dynamically controlled plasma scalpel, (2) biofilm imaging system, (3) computer control system, (4) three-dimensional scalpel positioning stage, and (5) biofilm detritus removal system.

Abstract: An evacuated cavity is hermetically sealed between a baseplate and faceplate of a flat panel display. Melting a glass powder, or frit, on the perimeter of the viewing area forms the hermetic seal. After melting the frit, a first fluid is circulated through the cavity to speed cooling. To further expedite the cooling of the flat panel display, a second fluid flows externally along the contour of the flat panel display to insure that the cooling is uniform and thereby avoid thermal shock.

Abstract: A display device and a method for making and operating the display device are described. The display device comprises a base plate containing at least one emitter, a display screen, and a spacer located between the base plate and display screen, where the spacer has a high concentration of an emitter-cleaning material. The spacer may comprise a xerogel or aerogel material and the emitter-cleaning material may comprise hydrogen. The spacer and a method for making the spacer and using the spacer to clean an emitter are also described. The spacer material cleans the emitter by absorbing gases during fabrication of the display device and desorbing emitter-cleaning gases during operation of the display device. By keeping the emitter clean, the spacer retains the work function of the emitter at a low level, thereby prolonging the usefulness of the display device.

Abstract: An evacuated cavity is hermetically sealed between a baseplate and faceplate of a flat panel display. Melting a glass powder, or frit, on the perimeter of the viewing area forms the hermetic seal. After melting the frit, a first fluid is circulated through the cavity to speed cooling. To further expedite the cooling of the flat panel display, a second fluid flows externally along the contour of the flat panel display to insure that the cooling is uniform and thereby avoid thermal shock.

Abstract: A display device and a method for making and operating the display device are described. The display device comprises a base plate containing at least one emitter, a display screen, and a spacer located between the base plate and display screen, where the spacer has a high concentration of an emitter-cleaning material. The spacer may comprise a xerogel or aerogel material and the emitter-cleaning material may comprise hydrogen. The spacer and a method for making the spacer and using the spacer to clean an emitter are also described. The spacer material cleans the emitter by absorbing gases during fabrication of the display device and desorbing emitter-cleaning gases during operation of the display device. By keeping the emitter clean, the spacer retains the work function of the emitter at a low level, thereby prolonging the usefulness of the display device.

Abstract: A method for determining functionality of pixels comprising the addressing of at least one but not more than ten pixels at a time, thereby producing a current. The pixels are comprised of cathode emitters. The current is collected on an anode disposed opposite the pixels, and the current is measured.

Abstract: An evacuated cavity is hermetically sealed between a baseplate and faceplate of a flat panel display. Melting a glass powder, or frit, on the perimeter of the viewing area forms the hermetic seal. After melting the frit, a first fluid is circulated through the cavity to speed cooling. To further expedite the cooling of the flat panel display, a second fluid flows externally along the contour of the flat panel display to insure that the cooling is uniform and thereby avoid thermal shock.

Abstract: A display device and a method for making and operating the display device are described. The display device comprises a base plate containing at least one emitter, a display screen, and a spacer located between the base plate and display screen, where the spacer has a high concentration of an emitter-cleaning material. The spacer may comprise a xerogel or aerogel material and the emitter-cleaning material may comprise hydrogen. The spacer and a method for making the spacer and using the spacer to clean an emitter are also described. The spacer material cleans the emitter by absorbing gases during fabrication of the display device and desorbing emitter-cleaning gases during operation of the display device. By keeping the emitter clean, the spacer retains the work function of the emitter at a low level, thereby prolonging the usefulness of the display device.

Abstract: An evacuated cavity is hermetically sealed between a baseplate and faceplate of a flat panel display. Melting a glass powder, or frit, on the perimeter of the viewing area forms the hermetic seal. After melting the frit, a first fluid is circulated through the cavity to speed cooling. To further expedite the cooling of the flat panel display, a second fluid flows externally along the contour of the flat panel display to insure that the cooling is uniform and thereby avoid thermal shock.

Abstract: A method of electrically testing pixel functionality is provided comprising releasably disposing a wafer in a socket. The wafer has at least one baseplate comprised of cathode emitters arranged in pixels. The socket has pads. The socket pads are contacted with test pins, and each of the pixels is addressed individually, thereby causing the cathode emitters to emit electrons in a current. The current is collected from each of the pixels on an anode screen. Alternatively, the anode card may have pins, and these pins contact pads on the baseplate. The baseplate, or substrate with baseplates, does not require a socket with pins.

Abstract: A method of electrically testing pixel functionality is provided comprising releasably disposing a wafer in a socket. The wafer has at least one baseplate comprised of cathode emitters arranged in pixels. The socket has pads. The socket pads are contacted with test pins, and each of the pixels is addressed individually, thereby causing the cathode emitters to emit electrons in a current. The current is collected from each of the pixels on an anode screen. Alternatively, the anode card may have pins, and these pins contact pads on the baseplate. The baseplate, or substrate with baseplates, does not require a socket with pins.

Abstract: A method and apparatus which provides for continual monitoring of the electrical and optical performance of one or more field emission display devices while the devices are burned-in is for the purpose of proper aging and testing of screen phosphors and semiconductor circuitry as well as determining the failure of the display devices including failures of individual field emitters within a display device. Display performance parameters including luminance anode current and field emitter performance are measured for determining when the components are properly aged as well as determining catastrophic failures in a display or a substantial degrade in performance in order to determine when and how the device may have failed.

Abstract: A display device, and a method for making and operating the display device are described. The display device comprises a base plate containing at least one emitter, a display screen, and a spacer located between the base plate and display screen, where the spacer has a high concentration of an emitter-cleaning material. The spacer may comprise a xerogel or aerogel material and the emitter-cleaning material may comprise hydrogen. The spacer and a method for making the spacer and using the spacer to clean an emitter are also described. The spacer material cleans the emitter by absorbing gases during fabrication of the display device and desorbing emitter-cleaning gases during operation of the display device. By keeping the emitter clean, the spacer retains the work function of the emitter at a low level, thereby prolonging the usefulness of the display device.

Abstract: A method of electrically testing pixel functionality is provided comprising releasably disposing a wafer in a socket. The wafer has at least one baseplate comprised of cathode emitters arranged in pixels. The socket has pads. The socket pads are contacted with test pins, and each of the pixels is addressed individually, thereby causing the cathode emitters to emit electrons in a current. The current is collected from each of the pixels on an anode screen. Alternatively, the anode card may have pins, and these pins contact pads on the baseplate. The baseplate, or substrate with baseplates, does not require a socket with pins.