Abstract: A puling device including a leverage mechanism to provide pull and lift by manipulation of a chain, and a force application mechanism to provide the leverage. The force application mechanism provides a variable torque that is at a maximum when the leverage mechanism is in a position to remove ground embedded structures, including posts. The torque diminishes as the leverage mechanism rotates and the structure is lifted. As the structure is lifted the configuration of the chain increases the rate of lift and also provides sufficient lift to remove structures deeply embedded in the ground.

Abstract: An apparatus for regulating tension by the compression of a yieldingly resisting core includes a compressible core, a collapsible modifier arranged in the core and a force transmitting or compressive member which receives a tension that is to be regulated and in response thereto applied a compressive force to the core. The core and modifier combine to initially generate a force in opposition to the compressive force applied to them, and the opposition force as applied to the compressive member causes the apparatus to develop a force in opposition to the applied tension. The modifier also aids the applied tension as the core is flattened.