Abstract: A light-emitting element includes a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer disposed on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer disposed on the light-emitting layer, a device electrode layer disposed on the second semiconductor layer, a reflective electrode layer disposed on the device electrode layer, an insulating film surrounding a side surface of the light-emitting layer, a side surface of the second semiconductor layer, and a side surface of the device electrode layer, and a reflective layer surrounding a side surface of the insulating film, wherein the side surface of the device electrode layer is aligned with a side surface of the reflective electrode layer.

Abstract: A 3D printer according to an embodiment includes a liquid material supply unit provided with an ejection hole, for ejecting the liquid material upward, and a storage part, which is connected to the ejection hole and in which the ejected liquid material is stored, a liquid layer-forming unit that moves the liquid material, stored in the storage part, to a work holder, which is a region irradiated with a shaping beam, and forms a liquid layer for 3-dimensional shaping, and a 3-dimensional shaping unit which performs 3-dimensional shaping by irradiating, with the shaping beam, the liquid layer formed on the work holder.

Abstract: Provided is a heterocyclic compound of Chemical Formula 1: wherein: Y1 is O or S; Ar1 is a substituted C6-60 aryl; or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-60 heteroaryl containing one or more heteroatoms selected from among O, N, Si, and S; L is a single bond; a substituted or unsubstituted C6-60 arylene; or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-60 heteroarylene containing one or more heteroatoms selected from among O, N, Si, and S; R1 to R3 are each independently hydrogen; deuterium; a halogen; cyano; nitro; amino; a substituted or unsubstituted C1-60 alkyl; a substituted or unsubstituted C1-60 haloalkyl; or a substituted or unsubstituted: C1-60 alkoxy, C1-60 haloalkoxy, C3-60 cycloalkyl, C2-60 alkenyl, C6-60 aryl, C6-60 aryloxy, or C1-60 heteroaryl containing one or more heteroatoms selected from among N, O, and S, and n1 to n3 are each independently 1 to 5, and an organic light emitting device including the same.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a content container is provided. The content container may include: a container part configured to accommodate a liquid content; an upper cap that is detachably coupled to the container part and includes a first accommodation part configured to accommodate a solid content and a pressing part moved by being pressed; and a lower cap that is inserted into the container part, and includes an accommodation tube forming a second accommodation part and a plurality of communication holes formed in the outside of the accommodation tube to communicate with the container part, wherein, by pressing the upper cap, the solid content is moved from the first accommodation part to the second accommodation part.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oncolytic virus and the use thereof, specifically, an oncolytic virus having suppressed thymidine kinase (TK) gene expression and comprising genes encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and a complement regulatory protein; and the use of such an oncolytic virus. The oncolytic virus of the present invention maintains its efficacy even when administered intravenously, and thus, it may also be applied to the treatment of various solid cancers and metastatic cancers in addition to superficial solid cancers. In addition, the oncolytic virus of the present invention acquires resistance to complement attack by expressing a complement regulatory protein on the surface of the virus, and thus, it is stable in the blood, and it maintains stable oncolytic activity when intravenous injection, and thus, it may reduce effective viral dosage to minimize the side effects of anti-cancer drugs.

Abstract: Discussed is a protection circuit module that may include a printed circuit board configured to be connected to a positive lead part and a negative lead part connected to a battery cell, wherein the printed circuit board includes an upper layer bonded to the positive lead part and the negative lead part so as to be electrically connected; an intermediate layer including a first insulating layer including a material containing an epoxy resin and provided below the upper layer; and a laser reflective layer provided between the upper layer and the first insulating layer and reflecting light from a laser.

Abstract: Memory array structures, and methods of their formation, might include a first memory cell having a first control gate and an adjacent first portion of a charge-blocking structure, a second memory cell having a second control gate and an adjacent second portion of the charge-blocking structure, and a first dielectric material between the first control gate and the second control gate, and adjacent to a third portion of the charge-blocking structure that is between the first and second portions of the charge-blocking structure. The third portion of the charge-blocking structure might include a second dielectric material and a third dielectric material different than the second dielectric material, and the first portion of the charge-blocking structure and the second portion of the charge-blocking structure might each include the third dielectric material and a fourth dielectric material different than the second dielectric material. Apparatus might include such memory array structures.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for controlling movement of an ultrasonic wave generating unit, the apparatus characterized by comprising: a transfer unit for moving the ultrasonic wave generating unit; and a control unit for controlling the operation of the ultrasonic wave generating unit and the transfer unit, wherein the control unit controls the ultrasonic wave generating unit such that, when the ultrasonic wave generating unit moves, ultrasonic waves are irradiated at intervals to the skin on a movement path of the ultrasonic wave generating unit.

Abstract: Provided are a chromium catalyst precursor, an ethylene oligomerization catalyst including the same, and a method of preparing an ethylene oligomer using the same. More particularly, a chromium catalyst precursor which may oligomerize ethylene with high activity and high selectivity in spite of not using methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified-methylaluminoxane (MMAO), an oligomerization catalyst including the same, and a method of preparing an ethylene oligomer using the same are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hot-stamping component, which includes a base steel plate; and a plated layer on the base steel plate and including a first layer, a second layer, and an intermetallic compound portion having an island shape in the second layer, wherein the first layer and the second layer are sequentially stacked, and an area fraction of the intermetallic compound portion with respect to the second layer is an amount of 20% to 60%.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a substrate having source and drain recesses therein that are lined with respective silicon-germanium liners and filled with doped semiconductor source and drain regions. A stacked plurality of semiconductor channel layers are provided, which are separated vertically from each other within the substrate by corresponding buried insulated gate electrode regions that extend laterally between the silicon-germanium liners. An insulated gate electrode is provided on an uppermost one of the plurality of semiconductor channel layers. The silicon-germanium liners may be doped with carbon.

Abstract: Disclosed is a disc-shaped sample chamber for collecting molten metal, the chamber comprising: a chamber body having a left body and a right body bonded to each other to define a disc-shaped sample space therebetween; an inlet extending upward from the chamber body and connecting the sample space with the outside; and a welded bonding portion disposed on at least one lateral face of the chamber body for bonding the left body and the right body to each other. Further, a probe having the chamber is disclosed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor comprises an active pattern including a lower pattern and a plurality of sheet patterns that are spaced apart from the lower pattern in a first direction, a source/drain pattern on the lower pattern and in contact with the plurality of sheet patterns, and a gate structure on opposing sides of the source/drain pattern in a second direction different from the first direction, the gate structure including a gate electrode on the plurality of sheet patterns, wherein the source/drain pattern includes an epitaxial region that comprises a semiconductor material and a cavity region that is inside the epitaxial region and that is surrounded by the semiconductor material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a vehicle diagnostic system and a diagnostic communication method therefor. An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a vehicle diagnostic system comprising a diagnostic communication device configured to perform diagnostic communication by using a security access service and an authentication service of a standard diagnostic protocol, a controller configured to perform vehicle control, and a diagnotor configured to access the controller through the diagnostic communication device to perform diagnosis. The diagnotor may be configured to perform the authentication service to the diagnostic communication device, and may be configured to perform the security access service to the controller.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stable ophthalmic composition comprising tanfanercept, which does not use a stabilizer, and methods of preparing and using the composition. According to the present invention, it was found that the use of a stabilizer such as histidine or sucrose causes the generation of impurities such as tanfanercept-derived acidic/basic variants, and affects biological activity. The ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may control pH rather than excluding the use of such a stabilizer to significantly reduce the generation of impurities under not only a refrigerated storage condition but also accelerated conditions and a stress condition, thereby preparing a stable tanfanercept ophthalmic composition.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including an active region extending in a first direction on a substrate; a gate structure intersecting the active region and extending in a second direction on the substrate; and a source/drain region on the active region and at least one side of the gate structure, wherein the source/drain region includes a plurality of first epitaxial layers spaced apart from each other in the first direction, the plurality of first epitaxial layers including first impurities of a first conductivity type; and a second epitaxial layer filling a space between the plurality of first epitaxial layers, the second epitaxial layer including second impurities of the first conductivity type.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, a drunk driving prevention system including: an alcohol detection unit configured to detect a driver's inebriation through the breath test device provided in a vehicle; a computation unit configured, when the driver is detected to be in a drunk state by the alcohol detection unit, to compute a driving-possible time at which the drunk state is resolved in the future so that driving is possible; and a notification unit configured to output the driving-possible time or whether or not driving is possible through an infotainment system of the vehicle or a driver's terminal is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for inspecting a critical dimension may include providing a substrate, applying a photoresist on the substrate, variably irradiating a dose of light onto the photoresist, performing a photo process to develop the photoresist to form a photoresist pattern, performing an etching process using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask to form a plurality of patterns, measuring a width of each of the plurality of patterns and a spacing between adjacent ones of the plurality of patterns, and identifying a cause of a defect in the photo process based on the measured width and the measured spacing.

Abstract: According to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a blockchain based authentication and transaction system including a user DID (Distributed Identity) wallet which is an application program installed on a user's mobile terminal. Here, the user DID wallet allows a user to ascertain whether a counterpart is a legitimate party by verifying a counterpart's VP and expressing the verified counterpart ascertainment information to the user on a screen when the counterpart's VP provided from a counterpart system which is an authentication or transaction counterpart is obtained.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus may include a host including a driving application of a vehicle controller and a hardware security module that determines whether to transmit a message for allowing booting of the host to the host, according to a result of a secure boot at an n-th cycle, and determines whether to perform the secure boot at a (n+1)-th cycle, depending on whether the message is transmitted to the host.