Abstract: A storage device includes a non-volatile memory device configured to store fast cell information obtained from a threshold voltage distribution formed through a one-shot program for memory cells; and a storage controller configured to read the fast cell information from the non-volatile memory device during booting or initialization to perform mapping a fast cell area based on a fast cell management policy, wherein the fast cell information is acquired through the one-shot program performed in a test stage or a mass production evaluation stage, and is stored in the non-volatile memory device before a firmware of the storage controller is executed.

Abstract: A storage device according to an embodiment includes a memory device configured to apply a first program voltage and a first verification voltage to a first word line and output, based on a program state of each of a plurality of memory cells connected to the first word line, a speed information representing a speed characteristic of each of the plurality of memory cells; and a memory controller configured to determine at least one memory cell to be programmed into a predetermined program state; determine, among the at least one memory cell, at least one target memory cell having a first speed characteristic based on the speed information; and perform a state-shaping operation to convert a data corresponding to the predetermined program state for the at least one target memory cell into a value corresponding to a program state different from the predetermined program state.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus and a vehicle control system including the same are provided. The vehicle control apparatus includes an electronic control unit and a gateway. The electronic control unit is configured to store software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit. The gateway is configured to store a master list of the software identification management information, which includes the software identification management information received from the electronic control unit, deliver update information related to software associated with vehicle type approval (VTA) to the electronic control unit corresponding to the update information, as the update information is received, and update the software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit in the master list as an update of the software of the electronic control unit is completed.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a high-hardness liquid crystal cosmetic composition having an elastic texture, and a method of preparing the same. In a liquid crystal cosmetic composition according to an aspect, by selectively mixing with viscosity modifiers, a high-hardness liquid crystal cosmetic composition having an elastic texture may be formed, and by containing low-concentration oil, the liquid crystal cosmetic composition may have a refreshing and light feeling with a moisture feeling as compared with an existing liquid crystal cosmetic composition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a gap prevention structure of a seat rail for a vehicle. The gap prevention structure includes: a lower rail configured to be fixed to a bottom of a vehicle body and to have a receiving space formed therein; an upper rail configured to have at least a portion thereof received in the receiving space and to slide in a longitudinal direction of the lower rail; a rolling bearing configured to be rotatably coupled to the upper rail and to roll and move in the receiving space in the longitudinal direction of the lower rail; and a gap prevention unit configured to limit rotation of the rolling bearing by pressing the rolling bearing while being inserted between the lower rail and the rolling bearing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vehicle seat sliding device, which prevents noise from being generated when a seat is moved. The vehicle seat sliding device includes: a fixed rail which includes a locking section in which a fixed lock is formed and an unlocking section in which the fixed lock is not formed; a moving rail which slides along the fixed rail; a locking unit which is provided in the moving rail, moves up and down, and has a plurality of locks that is selectively engaged with the fixed lock. When at least one lock of the plurality of locks is located in the unlocking section, remaining locks located in the locking section are disposed apart from the fixed lock so as to have a gap with the fixed lock. With this configuration, when the moving rail is returned from the unlocking section to the locking section, the lock of the locking unit is disposed apart from the fixed lock provided in the fixed rail in such a way as to have a gap, so that noise can be prevented from being generated.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of operating a storage device which includes a storage controller and a non-volatile memory device. The method includes providing a first request indicating a word line sequential read operation of a target memory block of the non-volatile memory device, providing first word line read data corresponding to memory cells of a first word line of the target memory block based on the first request, providing second word line read data corresponding to memory cells of a second word line of the target memory block based on the first request, the second word line being adjacent to the first word line, calculating a first word line gap value based on the first word line read data and the second word line read data, and performing a first reliability operation of the target memory block based on the first word line gap value.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus and a vehicle control system including the same are provided. The vehicle control apparatus includes an electronic control unit and a gateway. The electronic control unit is configured to store software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit. The gateway is configured to store a master list of the software identification management information, which includes the software identification management information received from the electronic control unit, deliver update information related to software associated with vehicle type approval (VTA) to the electronic control unit corresponding to the update information, as the update information is received, and update the software identification management information associated with the electronic control unit in the master list as an update of the software of the electronic control unit is completed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drag device for a fishing reel using fluid resistance, comprising: a housing (3) constituting an outer body; a resistance fluid filled in a hydraulic chamber (C) in the housing (3); rotary blades (5) rotatably built in the hydraulic chamber (C) together with the resistance fluid; and a rotary shaft (7) rotatably supported by the housing (3) so as to rotatably support the rotary blades (5) in the hydraulic chamber (C), wherein when a rotational torque greater than a preset torque is applied to a spool (10) of the fishing reel shaft-coupled to the rotary shaft (7), the rotary blades (5) are configured to rotate in a direction that unwinds a fishing line together with the spool (10) while overcoming the fluid resistance of the resistance fluid.

Abstract: A composition for preventing or treating a TNF-?-related disease is disclosed. The composition includes hydroflumethiazide or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The composition can effectively inhibit the expression or activity of TNF-? and exhibits an excellent treatment effect compared to methotrexate (MTX) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which are rheumatoid arthritis treatment agents currently on the market, and, thus, can be effectively used for prevention or treatment of a TNF-?-related disease.

Abstract: When a main power from a main battery of a vehicle is interrupted (or cut off), an auxiliary power supplied from an auxiliary battery may be used to drive electrical components of the vehicle. The vehicle includes: a main battery to supply the main power; the auxiliary battery to supply an auxiliary power; and an image recording controller to operate with the main power, capture and record an image of surroundings of the vehicle. In particular, when the supply of the main power is interrupted, the image recording controller performs capturing and recording the image by receiving the auxiliary power, controls a supply path of the auxiliary power so that the auxiliary power is supplied to a predetermined electrical component of the vehicle to continuously operate the predetermined electrical component using the auxiliary power.

Abstract: An embodiment rail device includes an upper rail, a first bearing support on the upper rail, a lower rail, a bearing connection end on the lower rail and inserted into the first bearing support, a vertically elongated bearing contact adjustment hole on the lower rail, an upper bearing rotatably connected to the bearing connection end and in close contact with a floor of the first bearing support, a lower plate including a fastening groove that receives a lower end of the lower rail, a bearing shaft mounting hole on a wall surface portion of the fastening groove and matched with the bearing contact adjustment hole, a second bearing support outside the fastening groove and having an opened upper portion, a lower bearing rotatably disposed within the second bearing support, and a bearing shaft fastened to the bearing shaft mounting hole and the bearing contact adjustment hole by a screw.

Abstract: A smoke and dust treatment apparatus for welding, said apparatus comprising a polishing and dust extraction module and a smoke and dust purification module. The polishing and dust extraction module comprises a double-layer dust extraction cover (3), a protective cover (2), an industrial brush (4), a first air guide portion, a second air guide portion (24) and a drive motor (22), the drive motor (22) driving the industrial brush (4) to rotate at high speed to perform polishing. During welding and polishing, a mechanical arm (6) drives the double-layer dust extraction cover (3), and a suction hole (20) of the double-layer dust extraction cover (3) and a suction guide hole (19) on the industrial brush (4) simultaneously take in toxic gas and debris such as iron filings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multifunctional wood preservative composition containing a compound prepared by reaction of hydrazine hydrate and boric acid and to a method for wood preservation treatment using the same. The wood preservative composition of the present invention can not only impart flame retardant, insect-repellent, rot-resistant, insect-repellent, and rust-proof effects to wood, such as various wooden structures including wooden cultural assets, but also causes no whitening and makes relatively fewer color changes for dancheong. Furthermore, the wood preservative composition of the present invention is provided as a one-component type liquid and thus can save time and costs for wood treatment and is convenient to use.

Abstract: An embodiment rail device includes an upper rail, a first bearing support on the upper rail, a lower rail, a bearing connection end on the lower rail and inserted into the first bearing support, a vertically elongated bearing contact adjustment hole on the lower rail, an upper bearing rotatably connected to the bearing connection end and in close contact with a floor of the first bearing support, a lower plate including a fastening groove that receives a lower end of the lower rail, a bearing shaft mounting hole on a wall surface portion of the fastening groove and matched with the bearing contact adjustment hole, a second bearing support outside the fastening groove and having an opened upper portion, a lower bearing rotatably disposed within the second bearing support, and a bearing shaft fastened to the bearing shaft mounting hole and the bearing contact adjustment hole by a screw.

Abstract: A semiconductor package is provided. The semiconductor package includes a first substrate, a first semiconductor chip disposed on the first substrate, a heat sink structure comprising a lower heat sink pattern disposed on the first semiconductor chip, a metal film pattern disposed on the lower heat sink pattern, and an insulating film disposed on side walls of the lower heat sink pattern and side walls of the metal film pattern, an interposer disposed on the heat sink structure, and a solder ball which connects the heat sink structure and the interposer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organ extracellular matrix-derived scaffold for culture and transplantation of an organoid and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: A smoke and dust treatment apparatus for welding, said apparatus comprising a polishing and dust extraction module and a smoke and dust purification module. The polishing and dust extraction module comprises a double-layer dust extraction cover (3), a protective cover (2), an industrial brush (4), a first air guide portion, a second air guide portion (24) and a drive motor (22), the drive motor (22) driving the industrial brush (4) to rotate at high speed to perform polishing. During welding and polishing, a mechanical arm (6) drives the double-layer dust extraction cover (3), and a suction hole (20) of the double-layer dust extraction cover (3) and a suction guide hole (19) on the industrial brush (4) simultaneously take in toxic gas and debris such as iron filings.

Abstract: A fan-out semiconductor package includes: a core member having a first through-hole and including a dummy metal layer; a first semiconductor chip disposed in the first through-hole and having a first active surface having first connection pads disposed thereon and a first inactive surface opposing the first active surface; a first encapsulant covering at least portions of the core member and the first semiconductor chip and filling at least portions of the first through-hole; and a first connection member disposed on the core member and the first active surface of the first semiconductor chip and including a first redistribution layer electrically connected to the first connection pads, wherein the dummy metal layer is electrically insulated from signal patterns of the first redistribution layer.