Abstract: A negative electrode active material for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery including the negative electrode active material are provided. The negative electrode active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes graphite and an amorphous carbon-containing layer surrounding the graphite. The amorphous carbon-containing layer includes a first region and a second region, which have different R values of Equation 1 (R value=ID/IG, where ID and IG are a maximum peak intensity of the D band at a frequency of 1360±50 cm?1 and a maximum peak intensity of the G band at a frequency of 1580±50 cm?1, respectively, obtained by Raman spectroscopy for the negative electrode active material), and the R value of Equation 1 in the first region is 0.5 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a valve including a valve housing having an empty space therein, an opening/closing part provided in the valve housing and configured to be movable in an upward/downward direction H, a shaft part fixedly coupled to the opening/closing part and configured to be movable in the upward/downward direction H together with the opening/closing part, a drive part configured to move the shaft part in the upward/downward direction H, and a seating part protruding inward from an inner surface of the valve housing and configured to interfere with the opening/closing part when the opening/closing part moves in the upward/downward direction H by a predetermined distance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a monomeric streptavidin-expressing gene construct and a host cell into which a recombinant vector comprising the gene construct has been introduced. The gene construct according to the present invention, after injected in vivo through a strain, may express streptavidin, thereby making it possible not only to monitor in real time the location of the strain or a cancer tissue pre-targeted by the strain by using a biotinylated diagnostic agent, but also to increase the cancer targeting efficiency of a biotinylated anticancer agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to host cells expressing monomeric streptavidin. The host cells according to the present invention may express streptavidin in vivo, making it possible to visualize and monitor in real time the biodistribution of cancer tissue, pre-targeted by the host cell, with a biotinylated diagnostic agent, as well as to increase the cancer-targeting efficiency of biotinylated anticancer drugs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aloe vera sprout concentrate or extract having cell growth promotion, antioxidant, and anti-allergy effects, and to a skin cell growth promoting, antioxidant, and anti-allergy pharmaceutical composition and functional health food or cosmetics containing the aloe vera sprout concentrate or extract as an active ingredient.