Abstract: A process and an apparatus for producing olefins from light alkanes. A light alkane feed is contacted with catalyst particles in each of reactors, wherein each of the reactors is a fluidized bed reactor. At least a portion of the alkane feed is converted to olefins using the catalyst particles, wherein the olefins form a part of a reactor effluent stream. The reactor effluent streams from each of the reactors are merged to form a merged effluent stream. The merged effluent stream is separated into an olefin stream and the other streams. The other streams may comprise a recycle stream and light gases.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons from light alkanes. A light alkane feed is contacted with catalyst particles in each of reactors, wherein each of the reactors is a fluidized bed reactor and arranged in parallel with each other in a furnace. At least a portion of the alkane feed is converted to aromatic hydrocarbons using the catalyst particles, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbons form a part of a reactor effluent stream. The reactor effluent streams from each of the reactors are merged to form a first merged effluent stream. The first merged effluent stream is separated into the aromatic hydrocarbons, light hydrocarbons, and a fuel gas.

Abstract: An anti-reflective film having a stacked structure including a transparent substrate, a high refraction layer and a low refraction layer, and more specifically, the low refraction layer may include, as a binder, a siloxane compound synthesized by reacting alkoxysilane and organosilane having a fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: A process for producing aromatic hydrocarbons from a light alkane feedstock such as an ethane-containing hydrocarbon stream is disclosed. The process comprises: contacting a light alkane feedstock comprising at least 50% ethane with a bi-functional aromatization catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor of bubbling or turbulent fluidization regime. The fluidized bed reactor comprise a catalyst bed, catalytic combustor and internal heat exchanger tubes embedded in the catalyst bed to provide the heat supply necessary for production of aromatic hydrocarbons. Continuous and uninterrupted production of aromatic hydrocarbons is realized by fluidly connecting multiple reactors in parallel and cycling operation of individual reactors between aromatics production mode and catalyst regeneration mode.

Abstract: In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C2+ compounds.

Abstract: A process for producing aromatic hydrocarbons from a light alkane feedstock such as an ethane-containing hydrocarbon stream is disclosed. The process comprises: contacting a light alkane feedstock comprising at least 50% ethane with a bi-functional aromatization catalyst in a fluidized bed reactor of bubbling or turbulent fluidization regime. The fluidized bed reactor comprise a catalyst bed, catalytic combustor and internal heat exchanger tubes embedded in the catalyst bed to provide the heat supply necessary for production of aromatic hydrocarbons. Continuous and uninterrupted production of aromatic hydrocarbons is realized by fluidly connecting multiple reactors in parallel and cycling operation of individual reactors between aromatics production mode and catalyst regeneration mode.

Abstract: Catalysts, catalytic forms and formulations, and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: Catalysts, catalytic forms and formulations, and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) systems for small scale and world scale production of olefins. An OCM system may comprise an OCM subsystem that generates a product stream comprising C2+ compounds and non-C2+ impurities from methane and an oxidizing agent. At least one separations subsystem downstream of, and fluidically coupled to, the OCM subsystem can be used to separate the non-C2+ impurities from the C2+ compounds. A methanation subsystem downstream and fluidically coupled to the OCM subsystem can be used to react H2 with CO and/or CO2 in the non-C2+ impurities to generate methane, which can be recycled to the OCM subsystem. The OCM system can be integrated in a non-OCM system, such as a natural gas liquids system or an existing ethylene cracker.

Abstract: Provided is an anti-reflective film having a stacked structure comprising a transparent substrate, a hard coating layer, a high refraction layer and a low refraction layer, and more specifically, the low refraction layer may comprise, as a binder, a siloxane compound synthesized by reacting alkoxysilane and organosilane having a fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a film laminate and to a film laminated formed by the method. The method comprises the steps of: applying a photocurable composition to a first base film; and irradiating light from a UV LED in order to harden the photocurable composition, wherein the first base film has a transmittance of approximately 50% or higher at the emission wavelength of the UV LED.

Abstract: A non-volatile reconfigurable logic device executing logical operations and a memory function and controlled by a magnetic field is provided. The reconfigurable logic device includes i) at least one semiconductor device; and ii) a pair of magnetic field controlled devices respectively spaced apart from both sides of the semiconductor device and that are adapted to generate magnetic field leakage to control the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes i) a first semiconductor layer; and ii) a second semiconductor layer located on the first semiconductor layer. One of the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer is a p-type semiconductor layer and the other is an n-type semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Catalysts, catalytic forms and formulations, and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts and catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A magnetic field effect transistor is presented. A magnetic field effect transistor comprises a current control part and a magnetic field applying part. A current control part comprises multiple electrodes and a current flowing material region located between multiple electrodes and in which the amount of current flowing between the electrodes is changed, and a magnetic field applying part applying a magnetic field generating from a magnetization state, which changes according to external input, of a pre-set material. By controlling current by using magnetic fields, high speed operation is possible as charging time is not required, and calculation results may be stored without external power supply because magnetic field is supplied by altering magnetization state of a material according to external input.

Abstract: Provided is an anti-reflective film having a stacked structure comprising a transparent substrate, a high refraction layer and a low refraction layer, and more specifically, the low refraction layer may comprise, as a binder, a siloxane compound synthesized by reacting alkoxysilane and organosilane having a fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: Provided is a coating composition for a layer having a low refractive index and comprising a siloxane compound and a metal salt. In addition, provided is a transparent conductive film including the layer having a low refractive index and formed by using the coating composition for a layer having a low refractive index.

Abstract: Provided is an anti-reflective film having a stacked structure comprising a transparent substrate, a hard coating layer, a high refraction layer and a low refraction layer, and more specifically, the low refraction layer may comprise, as a binder, a siloxane compound synthesized by reacting alkoxysilane and organosilane having a fluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: Integrated systems are provided for the production of higher hydrocarbon compositions, for example liquid hydrocarbon compositions, from methane using an oxidative coupling of methane system to convert methane to ethylene, followed by conversion of ethylene to selectable higher hydrocarbon products. Integrated systems and processes are provided that process methane through to these higher hydrocarbon products.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) systems for small scale and world scale production of olefins. An OCM system may comprise an OCM subsystem that generates a product stream comprising C2+ compounds and non-C2+ impurities from methane and an oxidizing agent. At least one separations subsystem downstream of, and fluidically coupled to, the OCM subsystem can be used to separate the non-C2+ impurities from the C2+ compounds. A methanation subsystem downstream and fluidically coupled to the OCM subsystem can be used to react H2 with CO and/or CO2 in the non-C2+ impurities to generate methane, which can be recycled to the OCM subsystem. The OCM system can be integrated in a non-OCM system, such as a natural gas liquids system or an existing ethylene cracker.

Abstract: In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C2+ compounds.