Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a condition of a battery includes a mode identifying unit configured to identify a usage mode of the battery during a period of time and its corresponding attenuation curve, according to recorded data on battery usage, stored usage modes of the battery and attenuation curves corresponding to the various usage modes, the attenuation curve representing a change of a fully charged capacity of the battery with battery usage; and a condition estimating unit configured to calculate battery degradation according to the recorded data, the identified usage mode and its corresponding attenuation curve, the degradation representing a quantity of the fully charged capacity of the battery that is reduced over the battery usage. The condition of the battery is estimated so as to rationally judge the residual value of the battery in operation.

Abstract: A foam is provided. The foam includes a foaming material and a plurality of cells arranged within the foaming material. The foaming material is prepared from a composition, which includes 0.01-2.0 parts by weight of a flow aid and 100 parts by weight of a block copolymer. The block copolymer includes a first block, a second block, and a linking moiety. The first block is connected to the second block via the linking moiety. The first block is an aromatic polyester block. The second block is an aliphatic polyether block, an aliphatic polyester block, or an aliphatic polycarbonate block. The linking moiety is a residue of a dehydrogenated polyol.

Abstract: A lumen stent including a main body stent and a branch stent; the main body stent includes a tubular attachment segment, the attachment segment including a first region and a second region connected to the first region in a circumferential direction; the branch stent is provided in a lumen of the attachment segment and connected to the first region; an axial shortening rate of the first region is smaller than an axial shortening rate of the second region. The lumen stent can reduce the extent to which the branch stent drives the main body stent to shorten.

Abstract: A buffer can include a first output adjustment unit configured to output a first signal, and a second output adjustment unit configured to output a second signal. The first output adjustment unit can include a first input stage configured to adjust a control current according to a difference between a first input voltage and a first output voltage, and a first output stage configured to output the first output voltage as the first signal. The first output voltage can be a voltage between a first level voltage and a second level voltage. The first input stage can be connected to a third power line that supplied a third level voltage. The first level voltage can be greater than the second level voltage. The second level voltage can be greater than the third level voltage.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the data value and data timing attributes realizations and provides an explicitly defined definite or fixed method for constructing a computing system software consisting of (1). A definite system development method; (2). A definite safety relevant system development method in the furthermore manner; (3) the specific and definite criteria to measure the software and the safety. Said method is based on the exclusive disclosure that is: computing system functionalities can be fully represented by the data comprising Input Data, Middle Data and Output Data, in which the Output Data represent fully the system functionalities under the input data from the system black-box point of view, the Middle Data represent fully the middle functionalities that are transporting and transforming the Input Data to the Output Data. In the system, each data has two and only two systematic attributes: data value and data timing attributes.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of for enhancing or inducing an anti-tumor response or treating an autoimmune disorder by administering a therapeutically effective amount of an inhibitor of NAC 1. Also, provided herein are methods of enhancing effectiveness of a vaccine in a subject by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an inhibitor of NAC 1. Inhibitors of NAC1 can include a chemical agent, such as a composition containing NIC3, or a biological agent that inhibit the function of NAC1 protein, such as an isolated antibody or its binding fragment thereof that binds to NAC1. Inhibitors of NAC 1 can include a biological agent that reduces the expression of NAC1 gene, such as a NAC 1-targeted siRNA administered as a nanoliposome or a CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing composition targeting the NAC1 Gene.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides high-grade ethanol production systems and methods that increase energy efficiency as compared to typical systems and methods by minimizing undesired acetal formation. The provided ethanol production method may include a low boilers removal distillation column and/or a stripper column constructed to simultaneously remove at least a portion of the acetaldehyde and at least a portion of the acetal from a feed stream in the presence of water. In some aspects, a low boilers removal process may be followed by a water removal process, which may be followed by a high boilers removal process. Acidity (e.g., carbon dioxide) may also be removed from a feed stream prior to or during the low boilers removal process. By minimizing acetal production, the provided method minimizes the amount of energy that is required to remove acetal when producing high-grade ethanol.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for managing a thermal management device (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising the following steps: —increasing the speed of rotation of the compressor (3) to its maximum speed, —determining a modified setpoint temperature (T15-sp3) of the third element (300) greater than the first setpoint temperature (T15-sp1), so that the temperature of the second element (200) at the outlet of the first evaporator (11) tends towards its setpoint temperature (T11-sp), —adjusting the opening diameter of the second expansion device (13) so that the temperature of the third element (300) at the outlet of the second evaporator (15) reaches a modified setpoint temperature (T15-sp3), until the temperature of the second element (200) at the outlet of the first evaporator (11) reaches the setpoint temperature (T11-sp). The invention further relates to the thermal management device (1) for implementing said management method.

Abstract: A distillation and dehydration system is provided that produces an anhydrous organic solvent. The provided system includes vapor recompression (e.g., a mechanical or thermal vapor recompression unit) to recover heat from a rectification-distillation section (e.g., a rectifier/stripper column). The addition of vapor recompression enables further heat recovery within a stream by increasing the condensation temperature and pressure of that stream and later using its latent heat by condensing it.

Abstract: An organic solvent production system and method are provided in which permeate and/or retentate streams are collected from a set of membranes or other purification devices via one or more headers to direct the streams to various downstream systems for further processing and/or heat recovery against colder streams.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes and systems for heat integration in ethanol production. In one embodiment, a feed mixture is distilled with one or more distillation units to remove at least a portion of the water, and form a distillation unit bottom stream, a vaporous overhead stream, and a fusel oil stream. Molecular sieve units are regenerated by vacuum or a combination of vacuum and optionally a portion of the product stream to form one or more regenerate streams. A feed tank is configured to receive at least one selected from a condensed portion of the regenerate streams and a portion of a vaporous depressure stream, to form a feed stream. The energy contained in the depressure vapor is recovered by the depressure vapor contacting the feed tank and heating up at least one stream forwarded into the feed tank.

Abstract: Doped titanium niobate is provided, which has a chemical structure of Ti(1-x)M1xNb2O(7-z)Sz, wherein M1 is Li, Mg, or a combination thereof; 0?x?0.15; and 0.0025?z?0.075. A battery is provided, which includes a negative electrode; a positive electrode; and an electrolyte disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, wherein the negative electrode includes the doped titanium niobate.

Abstract: A distillation and dehydration system is provided that produces an anhydrous organic solvent. The provided system includes vapor recompression (e.g., a mechanical or thermal vapor recompression unit) to recover heat from a rectification-distillation section (e.g., a rectifier/stripper column). The addition of vapor recompression enables further heat recovery within a stream by increasing the condensation temperature and pressure of that stream and later using its latent heat by condensing it.

Abstract: A system, device and method for optimization of a radiated transmission matrix by the selecting probe antennae and applying a compensation network in the test system are described. Among other benefits, the anechoic chamber in which the DUT is disposed is comparatively small and inexpensive. The time-consuming process of inverse matrix tuning or isolation level checking that plagues known systems, device and methods of testing DUT is substantially avoided. Because of small size of shield box and probe antenna selection algorithm, low path loss and acceptable power in testing can be realized.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides high-grade ethanol production systems and methods that increase energy efficiency as compared to typical systems and methods by minimizing undesired acetal formation. The provided ethanol production method may include a low boilers removal distillation column and/or a stripper column constructed to simultaneously remove at least a portion of the acetaldehyde and at least a portion of the acetal from a feed stream in the presence of water. In some aspects, a low boilers removal process may be followed by a water removal process, which may be followed by a high boilers removal process. Acidity (e.g., carbon dioxide) may also be removed from a feed stream prior to or during the low boilers removal process. By minimizing acetal production, the provided method minimizes the amount of energy that is required to remove acetal when producing high-grade ethanol.

Abstract: A method for controlling a system for a motor vehicle is disclosed. The system includes an actuator, a volatile memory (RAM) in which an item of position information of the actuator (IPRAM) is stored, and a long-term memory (EPROM). The following are stored in the long-term memory (EPROM): at least one item of position information (IPROM) of the actuator and an item of information relating to the powering down of the actuator (IHT), which assumes a first value (v1) when the system has been powered down in a controlled manner and assuming assumes a second value (v2) when the system has suffered a fault causing the current value of the position of the actuator stored in the volatile memory (RAM) to be deleted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling a thermal management device (1) of a motor vehicle comprising a refrigerant-fluid circuit comprising a compressor (3), a first heat exchanger (5), an expansion device (7) and the second heat exchanger (9), said thermal management device (1) further comprising an electric heating device (60), said control method involving, upon a starting of the thermal management device (1) from cold, the following steps: direct or indirect heating of the internal air flow (20) by the electrical heating device (60) alone until said internal air flow (200) reaches a target temperature and/or until a predetermined timer has run out, —when the internal air flow (200) has reached its target temperature and/or when the timer has run out, starting the compressor (3) so that the refrigerant-fluid circuit draws heat energy from the external air flow (100) at the second heat exchanger (9) and gives up said heat energy at the first heat exchanger (5).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes and systems for ethanol production. In one embodiment, a first beer column receives a first portion of a feed mixture including ethanol and water to form a first beer column bottom stream and a first beer column vaporous overhead stream. A beer column receives a second portion of the feed mixture. A first portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a first beer column reboiler. A second portion of the first beer column bottom stream is forwarded to a plurality of evaporators. A condensed portion of the first beer column vaporous overhead stream is forwarded to a stripper column. The stripper column forms a feed stream, which is contacted with a separation system, thereby forming a permeate and a retentate. The permeate is forwarded directly to at least one selected from the first beer column and the stripper column.

Abstract: A reversible thermal management device for a motor vehicle includes a refrigerant fluid circuit containing a main loop which has, successively, a compressor, an internal condenser, a first expansion device and an external evaporator/condenser. The device also has a three bypass branches. The third bypass branch has a heat exchanger. The device further includes a device for redirecting the refrigerant fluid coming from the internal condenser towards the first expansion device or the first bypass branch, a stop valve for the refrigerant fluid, arranged on the main loop, a first check valve arranged on the second bypass branch to block the refrigerant fluid coming from the internal condenser, a second check valve arranged on the main loop to block the refrigerant fluid coming from the evaporator/condenser, and a device for redirecting fluid coming from the first expansion device towards the heat exchanger of the third bypass branch or the evaporator/condenser.