Abstract: A developed fingerprint level determination apparatus includes: a fingerprint image acquisition unit configured to obtain at least two or more developed fingerprint images according to a fingerprint development technique; and a ridge level determination unit configured to check respective ridge development level information of the obtained fingerprint images and compare the respective ridge development level information with each other.

Abstract: A footprint generator capable of applying a constant force includes: a base plate in which a target surface may be on an upper surface of the base plate; a shoe mounting member that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of mounting a shoe; a driving unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of moving the shoe mounting member up and down; and a force measuring unit configured to measure an impact force when the shoe mounting member descends and contacts the shoe with the target surface to generate a footprint on the target surface.

Abstract: A method of generating artificial latent fingerprints for latent fingerprint development experiments includes: printing an artificially created fingerprint shape on paper for application to a target surface; thermally transferring the fingerprint shape printed on the paper to an etching plate by applying a certain range of heat and pressure to the paper on which the fingerprint shape is printed; forming a three-dimensional fingerprint shape on the etching plate by performing an etching process according to the fingerprint shape transferred to the etching plate; patterning the three-dimensional fingerprint shape formed on the etching plate with a molding member; and forming a latent fingerprint on the target surface using an artificial fingerprint solution from the three-dimensional fingerprint shape formed by patterning with the molding member.

Abstract: Artificial blood for a bloodstain pattern analysis includes water, an amino acid solution, bovine serum albumin, hemoglobin from bovine blood, potassium ferricyanide, sodium hyaluronate, sodium chloride, and tar color.

Abstract: An apparatus for shooting scattered blood marks at right angles includes: a first body including a lens coupling portion formed to couple a camera lens and a housing portion having a hollow inside and forming an opening at one end thereof; and a second body including a surface contact portion formed to contact a target surface including scattered blood marks and an insertion portion extending from the surface contact portion and inserted into the housing portion to adjust a distance between the scattered blood marks and the camera lens.

Abstract: A memory system may include: one or more memory devices each including a plurality of memory cells for storing data; a memory for storing meta data associated with the stored data; and a memory controller in communication with the memory and the one or more memory devices and for loading the meta data from the memory, and generating first meta page based on the meta data according to a first layout, and storing the first meta page in the memory device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory system and an operating method of the memory system. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a memory system may include a main core for executing an operation of a first layer and a plurality of sub-cores for executing an operation of a second layer, and the main core may control, when executing a shutdown command received from a host, the plurality of sub-cores so that a second sub-core stores a meta data segment to be processed by a first sub-core among the plurality of sub-cores.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory system and an operating method of the memory system. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a memory system may include a main core for executing an operation of a first layer and a plurality of sub-cores for executing an operation of a second layer, and the main core may control, when executing a shutdown command received from a host, the plurality of sub-cores so that a second sub-core stores a meta data segment to be processed by a first sub-core among the plurality of sub-cores.

Abstract: An engine cooling system has a coolant control valve unit and includes a cylinder head disposed on a cylinder block. The coolant control valve unit is configured to receive coolant from a coolant outlet side of the cylinder head to control coolant distributed to a heater and a radiator and to control coolant exhausted from the cylinder block. A control unit is configured to determine a heating priority mode according to operation conditions and to substantially open a first coolant passage corresponding to the heater by controlling the coolant control valve unit in the heating priority mode.

Abstract: A data storage device includes: a nonvolatile memory apparatus including a plurality of memory blocks allocated as first open blocks for purposes other than garbage collection and a controller. The controller is configured to allocate, among the first open blocks, an open block for garbage collection for performing a garbage collection operation when switching the nonvolatile memory apparatus to a garbage collection mode, and to copy data stored in valid pages of a victim block, to store the copied data into the open block for garbage collection, and to erase the victim block during the garbage collection operation, thereby securing a free block.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory system and an operating method thereof. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the memory system may store, in a first memory area or a second memory area each including at least one of the plurality of memory blocks, a journal including mapping change information between a logical address and a physical address according to a number of free memory blocks among the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A fingerprint generator capable of applying a constant force includes: a base plate in which a target surface may be on an upper surface of the base plate; a fingerprint mounting unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of mounting a fingerprint molding body having a fingerprint shape thereon on a lower portion of the fingerprint mounting unit; a driving unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of moving the fingerprint mounting unit up and down; and a force measuring unit configured to measure an impact force when the fingerprint mounting unit descends and contacts the fingerprint shape with the target surface to generate a fingerprint on the target surface.

Abstract: A data storage apparatus includes a storage including a plurality of planes, which include a plurality of pages, and a controller configured to control the storage to read data by grouping the plurality of pages as a page group in an interleaving unit, manage pages in which valid data are stored, among the plurality of pages, as a first bitmap table, and manage a second bitmap table generated by compressing the first bitmap table in a page group unit.

Abstract: Provided herein may be a memory controller and a method of operating the same. The memory controller may include a SPO detector configured to output a detection signal when a SPO is detected, a memory buffer configured to store host data, and a power loss controller configured to, based on the detection signal, receive dump data corresponding to the host data, store the dump data and a dump age corresponding to the dump data, and output the dump data and the dump age to a memory device, wherein the dump age indicates a number of times that different items of host data have been dumped from the memory buffer to the power loss controller, and the power loss controller is configured to control a recovery operation corresponding to the SPO based on the dump age being received from the memory device.

Abstract: An impact blood splatters generation experimental apparatus capable of measuring an applied force includes: a hammer including a rod-shaped body portion, a head portion formed at one end of the body portion, and a striking portion formed on one side of the head portion; a housing receiving a certain amount of blood thereon and including a striking surface on which the striking portion may strike; a tensile force gauge attached to an outer surface of the housing; an elastic member having one end connected to the body portion and the other end connected to the tensile force gauge; and a display unit displaying a force applied to the hammer, the force being measured by the tensile force gauge, when a user lifts the hammer to strike the striking surface.

Abstract: A memory system, a memory controller and an operating method are disclosed. By dividing a read count table including read count values respectively for a plurality of memory blocks into one or more read count table segments each including one or more read count values of a resolution, and managing one or more flags respectively corresponding to the read count table segments, and set the flag corresponding to the read count table segment in which at least one read count value is changed among the read count table segments, it is possible to minimize additional operational costs required to recover the read count table upon occurrence of an SPO.

Abstract: A temperature and humidity chamber type apparatus for taking potential impact marks according to an embodiment includes: a specimen treated with an amino acid reaction reagent to react with potential impact marks to take the potential impact marks; a chamber in which a receiving space for receiving the specimen is secured; a door for opening and closing the chamber; a supporter formed in the receiving space to receive the specimen; an adjuster for adjusting temperature and humidity in the chamber within a set application time range to take the potential impact marks; a display unit attached to one side of the outside of the chamber to display an operation state in the chamber; a power source; a controller for controlling setting of temperature, humidity, and an application time in the chamber; and an input unit in which the controller operates according to a user's input.

Abstract: A data storage device may include: a memory array comprising a plurality of blocks, each block including a plurality of pages and a controller in communication with the memory array and comprising a memory buffer, the controller configured to maintain attribute information associated with each block and each page of the memory array, the controller further configured to read data from a requested page in the memory array responsive to an external request, store the read data in a first region of the memory buffer to output the read data responsive to the external request, and copy the read data from the first region of the memory buffer into a second region of the memory buffer upon a determination based on the attribute information that the requested page is included in a supposed-to-be-erased region.

Abstract: A method of calculating a bleeding site and a trajectory of a bloodstain scattered by impact includes: obtaining, by an electronic device calculating the bleeding site and the trajectory of the bloodstain scattered by impact, captured image information; analyzing the obtained captured image information, by the electronic device, and calculating a collision angle and measuring a direction angle of the bloodstain scattered by impact; calculating, by the electronic device, a coordinate value of the bleeding site by using a linear trajectory method; calculating, by the electronic device, a trajectory of a drop of blood based on the calculated coordinate value of the bleeding site by using a parabolic trajectory method considering gravity and air resistance; and displaying and outputting, by the electronic device, a linear trajectory of the drop of blood and a parabolic trajectory considering gravity and air resistance of the drop of blood on a 3D space.

Abstract: A storage device for providing an improved security function may include a nonvolatile memory device, a position information generator generating first position information indicating a first geographical position of the nonvolatile memory device when an authentication request is input, a user information storage storing user information for accessing the nonvolatile memory device, the user information including second position information, and an access controller obtaining, in response to an authentication request provided from an external host, the first position information from the position information generator, and disposing of data stored in the nonvolatile memory device depending on whether the second position information included in the user information matches the first position information.