Abstract: A hollow golf club shaft of circular cross-section comprises a tubular core layer, a tubular outer layer, and a tubular intermediate member juxtaposed to both the core layer and the outer layer, wherein the core layer and the outer layer coextend substantially the entire length of the shaft.

Abstract: A non-liposome based linker such as an antibody is disclosed for use attached nucleic acid molecules to sperm cells. The antibody is characterized by having binding affinity to a sperm cell and wherein the sperm cell bound with the antibody retains the ability to fertilize an oocyte. A resulting sperm-linker-nucleic acid complex may- be used to generate genetically modified animals and cells by in vitro or in vivo fertilization with an egg cell. Introduction of exogenous DNA using this method in various animals (mice, pigs, chickens, and cows) are disclosed. Functional screening of gene with unknown function may also be performed using the disclosed method.

Abstract: A fluorescence optical pickup unit (FOPU) for reading fluorescence images of biological media from solid substrates on a rotating stage. The FOPU can comprise a semiconductor laser as an excitation source, a mini-scanner to distribute the excitation light over the media, a color optical fiber as a filter, and a photodetector for detecting fluorescence. The FOPU can be miniaturized through the incorporation of a laser/detector array.

Abstract: Device and method are provided for separating images according to material species in nondestructive x-ray or .gamma.-ray imaging. Using the x-ray (or .gamma.-ray) attenuation coefficient of materials as functions of x-ray energy, simultaneous linear equations are set up and solved for obtaining the image for a specific material when multiple x-ray (or .gamma.-ray) energies are used. The device disclosed in this invention features real-time, material-specific image separation. Applications include x-ray security inspection and industrial x-ray or .gamma.-ray noninvasive structural inspection.