Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a line; a source structure on the line; a stack structure on the source structure; a first slit structure penetrating the stack structure; a second slit structure penetrating the stack structure; and a contact plug adjacent to the first slit structure in a first direction. The first slit structure and the second slit structure may be spaced apart from each other by a first distance in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction. The contact plug penetrates the source structure, the contact plug being electrically connected to the lower line. The first slit structure and the contact plug may be spaced apart from each other by a second distance in the first direction, and the second distance may be longer than the first distance.

Abstract: A semiconductor manufacturing facility includes: a process chamber in which an amorphous carbon layer (ACL) process in which amorphous carbon is deposited so that an ACL is formed, is performed; a vacuum pump in which a residual gas generated in the process chamber is discharged from the process chamber while the ACL process is performed; a chamber exhaust pipe through which the process chamber and the vacuum pump communicate with each other; a plasma reactor configured to form a plasma reaction region using plasma; and a gas supplying device configured to supply a treatment gas to the plasma reactor.

Abstract: An energy storage module includes: a plurality of battery cells arranged in a first direction such that long side surfaces of adjacent ones of the battery cells face one another; a plurality of insulation spacers, at least one of the insulation spacers being between each adjacent pair of the battery cells, each of the insulation spacers including a heat-insulating first sheet and a plurality of flame-retardant second sheets respectively adhered to opposite surfaces of the first sheet by an adhesion member; a cover member including an internal receiving space configured to accommodate the battery cells and the insulation spacers; a top plate coupled to the cover member, the top plate including ducts respectively corresponding to vents of the battery cells and having fire extinguishing agent openings respectively corresponding to the insulation spacers; a top cover coupled to the top plate and having discharge openings respectively corresponding to the ducts; and an extinguisher sheet between the top cover and

Abstract: An energy storage module includes: a cover member accommodating a plurality of battery cells in an internal receiving space, each of the battery cells including a vent; a top plate coupled to a top of the cover member and including a duct corresponding to the vent of at least one of the battery cells; a top cover coupled to a top of the top plate and having an exhaust area corresponding to the duct, the exhaust area having a plurality of discharge openings, the top cover including a protrusion protruding from a bottom surface of the top cover, the protrusion extending around a periphery of the exhaust area and around a distal end of the duct; and an extinguisher sheet between the top cover and the top plate, the extinguisher sheet being configured to emit a fire extinguishing agent at a reference temperature.

Abstract: Proposed is a thermal processing apparatus, an operation method thereof, and photo spinner equipment having a bake unit as the thermal processing apparatus, capable of uniformly applying heat to the entire area of a substrate by minimizing defamation of the substrate using low vacuum pressure. The thermal processing apparatus includes the base plate provided in a disc shape, a support pin provided on an upper surface of the base plate, a vacuum hole formed through the base plate, and a protruding member provided at a height lower than that of the support pin on the upper surface of the base plate.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area, and pixels disposed in the display area. The pixels each include first electrodes, second electrodes spaced apart from the first electrodes, and light emitting elements disposed between the first electrodes and the second electrodes. The first electrodes each include a closed loop of a polygonal shape in some sections.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode which are spaced apart from each other in a second direction, light-emitting elements spaced apart from each other in the first direction, a first contact electrode electrically contacting the light-emitting elements, and a second contact electrode electrically contacting the light-emitting elements. The first contact electrode electrically contacts the first electrode through a first contact portion disposed on the first electrode, the second contact electrode electrically contacts the second electrode through a second contact portion disposed on the second electrode, the first contact portion is disposed on an end portion in the first direction of the first contact electrode, and the second contact portion is disposed on an end portion in the first direction of the second contact electrode.

Abstract: A terminal for controlling a display of a multi window includes: an event detecting unit for detecting an execution, change, or finish event of an application; a display analyzing unit for analyzing screens of applications executed on a multi window which includes a mini window; a display controller for controlling a location and size of the mini window based on an analysis result of the display analyzing unit; and a display unit for displaying the mini window at a controlled location. Accordingly, a window to which an always-on-top (AOT) operation is set is automatically disposed not to disturb the use of an application executed in a non-mini window, thereby giving convenience to a user.

Abstract: A terminal for controlling a display of a multi window includes: an event detecting unit for detecting an execution, change, or finish event of an application; a display analyzing unit for analyzing screens of applications executed on a multi window which includes a mini window; a display controller for controlling a location and size of the mini window based on an analysis result of the display analyzing unit; and a display unit for displaying the mini window at a controlled location. Accordingly, a window to which an always-on-top (AOT) operation is set is automatically disposed not to disturb the use of an application executed in a non-mini window, thereby giving convenience to a user.

Abstract: A terminal for controlling a display of a multi window includes: an event detecting unit for detecting an execution, change or finish event of an application; a display analyzing unit for analyzing screens of applications executed on a multi window which includes a mini window; a display controller for controlling a location and size of the mini window based on an analysis result of the display analyzing unit; and a display unit for displaying the mini window at a controlled location. Accordingly, a window to which an AOT function is set is automatically disposed not to disturb the use of an application executed in a non-mini window, thereby giving convenience to a user.

Abstract: A terminal for controlling a display of a multi window includes: an event detecting unit for detecting an execution, change or finish event of an application; a display analyzing unit for analyzing screens of applications executed on a multi window which includes a mini window; a display controller for controlling a location and size of the mini window based on an analysis result of the display analyzing unit; and a display unit for displaying the mini window at a controlled location. Accordingly, a window to which an AOT function is set is automatically disposed not to disturb the use of an application executed in a non-mini window, thereby giving convenience to a user.

Abstract: A communication method for a hybrid wired and wireless communication system includes registering an entry comprising a physical address of a source transmitting a received packet and an identifier indicating a wired or wireless network interface linked to the physical address in a predetermined management list; receiving a transmission packet from an upper layer and determining whether a physical address identical with a destination physical address of the transmission packet is present in the management list; and when the destination physical address is present in the management list, transmitting the transmission packet through either of the wired network interface and the wireless network interface according to the identifier.

Abstract: A phase frequency detector for improving in-band phase noise characteristics of a PLL is disclosed. The phase frequency detector compares a reference frequency with a division frequency created by dividing an output frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) by a predetermined division ratio, creates a phase-difference signal corresponding to a phase difference between the reference frequency and the division frequency, and improves noise characteristics.

Abstract: The invention provides a low divide ratio programmable frequency divider of a fractional-N type applied to a digital MOPLL tuner and a method thereof. In the invention, a divide ratio assigner assigns divide data as a main divide ratio and a pulse swallow value according to a first or a second dividing operation mode in response to a mode selection signal. A prescaler operates on the first or second divide operation mode in response to the mode selection signal. Also, a main counter divides a frequency from the prescaler by the main divide ratio. Further, a pulse swallow counter counts a clock of the main counter while outputting a pulse swallow signal to the prescaler. The pulse swallow signal has a swallow level if a counting value corresponds to the pulse swallow value, and a non-swallow level if the counting value does not correspond to the pulse swallow value.

Abstract: A phase frequency detector for improving in-band phase noise characteristics of a PLL is disclosed. The phase frequency detector compares a reference frequency with a division frequency created by dividing an output frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) by a predetermined division ratio, creates a phase-difference signal corresponding to a phase difference between the reference frequency and the division frequency, and improves noise characteristics.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a digital automatic fine tuning method and apparatus, which is capable of detecting a difference between a nominal frequency and an intermediate frequency generated in a tuner using a counter, and applying the counted data of the counter as a fine tuning value for the intermediate frequency without using a decoder by controlling the reset and preset operations of the counter that counts the frequency of the intermediate frequency.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a digital automatic fine tuning method and apparatus, which is capable of detecting a difference between a nominal frequency and an intermediate frequency generated in a tuner using a counter, and applying the counted data of the counter as a fine tuning value for the intermediate frequency without using a decoder by controlling the reset and preset operations of the counter that counts the frequency of the intermediate frequency.

Abstract: A communication method for a hybrid wired and wireless communication system includes registering an entry comprising a physical address of a source transmitting a received packet and an identifier indicating a wired or wireless network interface linked to the physical address in a predetermined management list; receiving a transmission packet from an upper layer and determining whether a physical address identical with a destination physical address of the transmission packet is present in the management list; and when the destination physical address is present in the management list, transmitting the transmission packet through either of the wired network interface and the wireless network interface according to the identifier.