Abstract: A radio frequency switch may include: a common port transmitting and receiving a radio frequency signal; a receive switch unit including a first switch unit having a plurality of first switch elements and a second switch unit having a plurality of second switch elements; and a transmit switch unit including a third switch unit having a plurality of third switch elements and a fourth switch unit having a plurality of fourth switch elements. The receive switch unit may further include a plurality of first capacitors connected between a first terminal and a body terminal of each of the plurality of first switch elements. The transmit switch unit may further include a plurality of second capacitors connected between a second terminal and a body terminal of each of the plurality of third switch elements.

Abstract: There is provided an organic/inorganic complex coating porous separator including a porous substrate, and an organic/inorganic complex coating layer formed in a single layer or multiple layers on a single surface or both surfaces of the porous substrate or at least a part of a pore portion of the porous substrate using a coating solution comprising a binder dispersed or suspended in a certain size and selectively comprising inorganic particles, and a secondary battery including the same. According to the present invention, since the coating solution comprising the binder dispersed in a certain size or less in a solvent is coated/dried on the porous substrate, a organic/inorganic complex coating porous separator having excellent air permeability and adhesive strength and a secondary battery including the organic/inorganic complex coating porous separator are provided.

Abstract: A field sequential liquid crystal display device includes a circuit unit producing RGB reference voltages and scanning signal voltages using RGB data and control signals, a liquid crystal display panel changing alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in accordance with the RGB reference voltages and the scanning signal voltages, and a backlight device emitting light to the liquid crystal display panel, wherein the circuit unit includes an interface receiving the RGB data and the control signals, a timing controller generating gate control signals and data control signals, at least two gamma generating units generating the RGB reference voltages, a switch selecting one of the RGB reference voltages, a data driver receiving the data control signal and the selected RGB reference voltage selected from the switch, and supplying an RGB image voltage to the liquid crystal display panel in accordance with the selected RGB reference voltage and the data control signal, and a gate driver receiving the gate cont

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes a two-dimensional array of non-volatile memory cells where a first portion of memory cells being configured as an one-time-programmable memory area; a bypass read-out circuit configured to sense a signal level on a bit line in response to a memory cell in the one-time-programmable memory area being selected and to generate a first signal indicative of the signal level on the bit line; and a trim data latch circuit having an input terminal configured to receive the first signal. The trim data latch circuit is configured to store a signal related to the first signal as a trim data value and to provide trim data value to circuitry of the non-volatile memory device. The trim data value may be applied to adjust a signal level of the circuitry of the non-volatile memory device.

Abstract: A flash memory device uses a pair of parallely connected NMOS transistors with different voltage ratings to generate the reference current for the sense amplifier used in the read out operations. The reference current thus generated is temperature compensated with zero or near-zero temperature coefficient. In some embodiments, the pair of parallely connected NMOS transistors includes a high voltage NMOS transistor and a low voltage NMOS transistor or NMOS transistors with different gate oxide thicknesses.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and a method of estimating a channel in consideration of a residual synchronization offset. The apparatus of estimating a channel in consideration of a residual synchronization offset includes: a channel estimating unit estimating the channel using pilots scattered over a plurality of OFDM symbols and calculating a first channel estimated value as the estimation result, in the case in which an OFDM symbol estimating the channel and an OFDM symbol compensating for the channel are different from each other; and a phase reflecting unit calculating a phase generated by the residual synchronization offset in proportion to a difference between a channel estimation time and a channel compensation time, reflecting the calculated phase in the first channel estimated value, and calculating a second channel estimated value as the reflection result.

Abstract: A radio frequency switch may include a common port transmitting and receiving a radio frequency signal, a first switching unit including a plurality of first switch elements connected in series and opening or closing a signal transfer path between a first port inputting and outputting the radio frequency signal and the common port, and a second switching unit having a plurality of second switch elements connected in series and opening or closing a signal transfer path between a second port inputting and outputting the radio frequency signal and the common port. The second switching unit further includes a first filter circuit unit connected to a control terminal of at least one second switch element among the plurality of second switch elements to remove at least one preset frequency band signal.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments relate to controlling a swing body of construction equipment. Disclosed methods may include selecting a representative signal vs. speed curve, receiving an operating signal value from the operating input device, obtaining a reference speed value by applying said operating signal value to the selected curve, transmitting a command for rotational speed equivalent to said reference speed to the swing motor making the swing body rotate, obtaining rotational speed of said motor, determining whether a value obtained by subtracting rotational speed from reference speed exceeds the maximum permissible errors, obtaining a new signal vs. speed curve equivalent to rotational speed when a value obtained by subtracting rotational speed from reference speed exceeds the maximum permissible errors, obtaining a new reference speed value from an operating signal value using said new curve, and transmitting a new command for rotational speed equivalent to said new reference speed to said motor.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for securing an available frequency that secure a frequency in a communication area set so as not to overlap with a service protection area of a primary user as an available frequency to prevent interference with the primary user even in the case of communicating with a frequency sharing wireless apparatus without a positioning function. To this end, the apparatus for securing an available frequency includes: a storage unit storing positional information regarding a primary user protection area and information on a frequency for each communication area; a positioning unit measuring a current position; and a control unit calculating a spacing distance from the primary user protection area based on the current position measured by the positioning unit and securing a frequency which does not exceed the calculated spacing distance as an available frequency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composition for suppressing the aging of skin, which contains tea water derived from fresh tea leaves having inactivated enzymes. The composition containing tea water according to the present disclosure may inhibit the activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and elastase, stimulate the production of collagen by increasing its expression, suppress the formation of skin wrinkles, and reduce the formed skin wrinkles. Furthermore, it has an excellent effect of suppressing skin aging.

Abstract: A flash memory device employs a low current auto-verification programming scheme using multi-step programming voltage and cell current detection. The low current auto-verification programming scheme performs programming of memory cells by the application of programming voltages in step increments. For each programming pulse, the cell current of the memory cell is sensed to determine when the memory cell is programmed. The programming pulse is terminated when the cell current decreases below a reference current level.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for managing network resources of a wireless terminal in a heterogeneous network environment and the method for managing network resources includes: searching for one or more networks which are accessible in the heterogeneous network environment; acquiring cycle information of the networks searched through the network searching; determining coexistence management cycles of the searched networks based on the cycle information; allocating one or more networks to be used in data transmission among the networks searched according to the coexistence management cycle and determining transmission management cycles of one or more allocated networks; and managing a resource of the searched network according to the coexistence management cycle and the transmission management cycle.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) switching circuit may include: a first switching circuit unit connected between a first signal port for signal transmission and reception and a common connection node connected to an antenna port and operated according to a first gate signal; a second switching circuit unit connected between a second signal port for signal transmission and reception and the common connection node and operated according to a second gate signal; a negative voltage generating unit generating a negative voltage using a voltage of an RF signal from the common connection node; and a gate signal generating unit generating the first and second gate signals using the negative voltage from the negative voltage generating unit and an operating voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a hidden node detection method and apparatus in a wireless communication system, the apparatus including a sensing unit to sense a first communication device transmitting a data signal from among a plurality of communication devices sharing a wireless channel, a transmitter to generate a reception notification signal in response to the sensing, and transmit the reception notification signal to the a plurality of communication devices through a band identical to a transmission band of the data signal, and a controller to prevent a collision with the data signal transmitted from the first communication device through the wireless channel by delaying processing of a data transmission request when the data transmission request is input from a second communication device among the plurality of communication devices while maintaining the transmitting of the reception notification signal.

Abstract: Provided are a data frame structure of a wireless communication system, which follows a sharing protocol which may be operated to coexist with a system that operates in an unlicensed spectrum, such as a WiFi system, and the like in the wireless communication system using a licensed spectrum such as an LTE system and an operation method of the system, and a terminal and a device of a base station for the operation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and a system for performing initial ranging in a cognitive radio network The method for performing initial ranging in a cognitive radio network includes: detecting signals received in one or more ranging sections; estimating a tint time offset based on a correlation between subcarrier indices of the signals detected in the one or more ranging sections; estimating a second time offset based on correlations for the signals detected in the one or more ranging sections and a plurality of codes that are predetermined and detecting an initial ranging code among the plurality of codes; and estimating a time offset of a CPE performing initial ranging with the detected initial ranging code using the first time offset and the second time offset that are estimated.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate having enhanced reliability is disclosed. The method includes forming a multilayer structure including at least one first metal layer and a second metal layer made of copper, forming a first mask layer including a first mask area corresponding to a data line and a second mask area corresponding to an electrode pattern to overlap with an active layer, patterning the multilayer structure, thereby forming the data line constituted by the multilayer structure, patterning the second metal layer, thereby forming the electrode pattern constituted by the at least one first metal layer, forming a second mask layer to expose a portion of the electrode pattern corresponding to a channel area of the active layer, patterning the at least one first metal layer, thereby forming source and drain.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes first and second bank groups coupled to first and second data lines which are electrically isolated from each other. The semiconductor device includes a register unit suitable for providing predetermined data to the second data line in a specific mode, a data transfer and output unit suitable for externally outputting the predetermined data loaded onto the second data line and simultaneously transferring the predetermined data to the first data line in the specific mode, and a data output unit suitable for externally outputting the predetermined data loaded onto the first data line in the specific mode.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) switch may include: a common port; a first switching unit; and a second switching unit. The first switching unit further includes a third switching device having one end coupled to a body of one of the plurality of first switching devices and the other end coupled to a first ground terminal, and the second switching unit further includes a fourth switching device having one end coupled to a body of one of the plurality of second switching devices and the other end coupled to a second ground terminal.

Abstract: A method of treating a surface of a substrate using modified urushiol derived from Toxicodendron vernicifluum is provided. More particularly, the reactivity of a hydroxyl group of urushiol extracted from fresh Toxicodendron vernicifluum is removed before the lacquer is used as a UV coating agent for a substrate such as a steel sheet. Therefore, the substrate may have high antibacterial activity, and excellent appearance and functionalities such as far-infrared radiation, blocking of electromagnetic waves, enhanced corrosion resistance, high crosslinking speed when a low content of a photoinitiator is used, excellent surface gloss and high scratch resistance.