Abstract: A positive electrode active material including a first lithium composite oxide particle including a secondary particle formed by aggregation of one or more primary particles, and a coating oxide occupying at least a part of at least one of surfaces of the secondary particle, grain boundaries between the primary particles, or surfaces of the primary particles, the positive electrode active material satisfying an equation of 1.3?a/b?3.0, wherein a represents a max peak intensity at 2theta=44.75° to 44.80° and b represents a max peak intensity at 2theta=45.3° to 45.6° in X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis using Cu K? radiation.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a fin-type active region protruding from a top surface of a substrate and extending in a first direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate, a gate structure intersecting with the fin-type active region and extending on the substrate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, a source/drain region on a first side of the gate structure, a first contact structure on the source/drain region, and a contact capping layer on the first contact structure. A top surface of the first contact structure has a first width in the first direction, a bottom surface of the contact capping layer has a second width greater than the first width stated above in the first direction, and the contact capping layer includes a protruding portion extending outward from a sidewall of the first contact structure.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes: a memory cell; a bit line connected to the memory cell; a first cross coupled inverter for storing data sensed from the memory cell through a sensing node connected to the bit line; a first transistor and a second transistor respectively connected to respective ends of the first cross coupled inverter and respectively transmitting a ground voltage to respective ends of the first cross coupled inverter; and a control circuit for operating the first transistor and the second transistor at least once for at least one of an initialize period in which the sensing node is discharged and a precharge period in which the bit line is precharged.

Abstract: A method is provided for transmitting aperiodic channel state information (CSI). A base station (BS) transmits, to a user equipment (UE), receiving a downlink control information (DCI) which includes a CSI request field; and performing aperiodic CSI reporting using a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) when a value of the CSI request field triggers an aperiodic CSI report. In addition, when the CSI request field is a multi-bit field, the CSI request field has a value among a first value which triggers an aperiodic CSI report for a first reference signal and a second value which triggers an aperiodic CSI report for a second reference signal. Furthermore, a resource of the first reference signal and a resource of the second reference signal are configured by a higher layer signal.

Abstract: An interference removal method in a multi-node system is provided. A user equipment (UE) receives node information from a base station, a first signal from a first node, and a second signal from a second node. The first signal and the second signal are used to remove an interference. The node information includes configuration information related to the first signal and the second signal. The configuration information includes information related to at least one of a number of antenna ports of the first node and the second node, a number of data streams, and a node identifier (ID). A pattern of the first signal or the second signal is determined according to at least one of the number of antenna ports of the first node and the second node, the number of data streams, and the node ID.

Abstract: A page buffer includes a pre-charge unit for pre-charging a bit line of a selected memory cell of a memory cell array via a first pre-charge line and pre-charging a sensing node via a second pre-charge line, during a pre-charge time, a bit line connection unit connected between the bit line and the sensing node and including a connecting node connected to the first pre-charge line, the bit line connection unit controlling a voltage of the sensing node, during a develop time, based on a bit line connection control signal and a sensing node voltage control signal, and a data input and output unit for generating sensing data by sensing a level of the voltage of the sensing node, during a sensing time.

Abstract: A method for efficiently transmitting and receiving downlink control information is disclosed. The method includes, at a base station, receiving feedback information including a precoding matrix index (PMI) from a user equipment (UE) and transmitting precoding information having a predetermined bit number according to the number of antenna ports and a transmission mode of the base station. The precoding information of a predetermined transmission mode in the precoding information includes confirmation information indicating that the base station uses a PMI which is recently received from the UE.

Abstract: A method is provided for receiving a downlink control channel in a wireless communication system. A user equipment performs a blind decoding in a first search space on the cell to find a first Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH). The user equipment receives a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message including information on a second search space for monitoring a second PDCCH and identity information, and performs a blind decoding in the second search space on the cell to find the second PDCCH. The first PDCCH is demodulated based on a physical cell identity of the cell, and the second PDCCH is demodulated based on the identity information instead of the physical cell identity.

Abstract: Methods of operating a memory device include at least partially charging a sensing node within a page buffer of the memory device to a first precharge voltage, by sampling a trip voltage of a sensing latch within the page buffer. Thereafter, a voltage of the sensing node is boosted from the first precharge voltage to a higher second precharge voltage. Then, a voltage of the sensing node that reflects a value of data stored in a memory cell of the memory device is developed at the sensing node. The developed voltage is then transferred to the sensing latch so that data stored by the sensing latch reflects the value of data stored in the memory cell.

Abstract: A method is provided for transmitting aperiodic channel state information (CSI). A base station (BS) transmits, to a user equipment (UE), receiving a downlink control information (DCI) which includes a CSI request field; and performing aperiodic CSI reporting using a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) when a value of the CSI request field triggers an aperiodic CSI report. In addition, when the CSI request field is a multi-bit field, the CSI request field has a value among a first value which triggers an aperiodic CSI report for a first reference signal and a second value which triggers an aperiodic CSI report for a second reference signal. Furthermore, a resource of the first reference signal and a resource of the second reference signal are configured by a higher layer signal.

Abstract: A method is provided for receiving aperiodic channel state information (CSI). A base station (BS) transmits, to a user equipment (UE), an uplink downlink control information (DCI) format. The BS receives, from the UE, aperiodic CSI through a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) if the BS triggers an aperiodic CSI report using a CSI request field included in the uplink DCI format. The CSI request field is either a 1-bit field or a multi-bit field. When the UE is configured with only one cell, the 1-bit field is included in the uplink DCI. When the UE is configured with more than one channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), the multi-bit field is included in the uplink DCI.

Abstract: A programming method of a non-volatile memory device including a plurality of memory cells arranged in a plurality of cell strings includes sequentially applying a first pass voltage to unselected word lines of word lines connected to the plurality of memory cells during a first interval and a second pass voltage higher than the first pass voltage to the unselected word lines during a second interval; and applying a discharge voltage lower than a program voltage to a selected word line of the word lines connected to the plurality of memory cells after applying the program voltage to the selected word line in the first interval, and applying the program voltage to the selected word line during the second interval.

Abstract: A data read operation method of a memory device includes applying a read voltage having a first preparation level and a first target level to a word line of a selected cell in the memory device to read a program state of the selected cell, applying a first read pass voltage having a second preparation level and a second target level to at least one word line of first non-selected cells not adjacent to the selected cell and in the same string as the selected cell, and applying a second read pass voltage having a third target level to a word line of at least one second non-selected cell adjacent to the selected cell.

Abstract: A page buffer includes a pre-charge unit for pre-charging a bit line of a selected memory cell of a memory cell array via a first pre-charge line and pre-charging a sensing node via a second pre-charge line, during a pre-charge time, a bit line connection unit connected between the bit line and the sensing node and including a connecting node connected to the first pre-charge line, the bit line connection unit controlling a voltage of the sensing node, during a develop time, based on a bit line connection control signal and a sensing node voltage control signal, and a data input and output unit for generating sensing data by sensing a level of the voltage of the sensing node, during a sensing time.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for detecting the locations of terminals in a multi-node system. A plurality of nodes transmit location reference signals which are distinguished by node, and a terminal performs feedback of channel information on each node using the location reference signals. Various signaling for detecting the locations of the terminals may be performed for each node, that is, for each point, rather than cell-based signaling.

Abstract: Methods of operating a memory device include at least partially charging a sensing node within a page buffer of the memory device to a first precharge voltage, by sampling a trip voltage of a sensing latch within the page buffer. Thereafter, a voltage of the sensing node is boosted from the first precharge voltage to a higher second precharge voltage. Then, a voltage of the sensing node that reflects a value of data stored in a memory cell of the memory device is developed at the sensing node. The developed voltage is then transferred to the sensing latch so that data stored by the sensing latch reflects the value of data stored in the memory cell.

Abstract: A method of receiving a reference signal by a user equipment. A first channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) configuration related to a discovery of a transmission point is received. A second CSI-RS configuration related to a CSI measurement is received. A CSI-RS according to the first CSI-RS configuration or the second CSI-RS configuration is received. Feedback information is transmitted to a base station. If the CSI-RS has been received according to the first CSI-RS configuration, the feedback information includes information on a CSI-RS received strength. If the CSI-RS has been received according to the second CSI-RS configuration, the feedback information includes a result of the CSI measurement.

Abstract: A method of performing cooperative transmission in a multi-node system including a Base Station (BS) and a plurality of nodes controlled by the BS is provided. The method comprises: transmitting a first signal generated using a first cell identifier (ID) from the plurality of nodes; and transmitting a second signal generated using a second cell ID from at least one of the plurality of nodes, wherein the first cell ID is identical with a cell ID used by the BS, and the second cell ID is different from the first cell ID.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes generating duplicate data by using repetition coding, the duplicate data being the same as original data, shifting the phase of the duplicate data, and transmitting the original data and the phase-shifted duplicate data. The duplicate data is mapped to a modulation symbol having a different size or phase as that of the original data, thus to reduce the PAPR unlike the general repetition coding.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, values which are specifically defined for each user equipment are reflected when resource allocation/mapping of downlink/uplink ACK/NACK channels is performed, so as to vary uplink/downlink ACK/NACK information transmitting resources for each user equipment allocated to the same downlink/uplink resource. According to another aspect of the present invention, nodes for transmitting uplink/downlink ACK/NACK information vary for each user equipment allocated to the same downlink/uplink resource. According to the present invention, even when downlink/uplink signals for a plurality of user equipment are transmitted from the same resource, uplink/downlink ACK/NACK signals of the plurality of user equipment are transmitted from different resources, thereby reducing interferences among ACK/NACK signals of the plurality of user equipment.