Abstract: Disclosed are methods of lithography using a tip array having a plurality of pens attached to a backing layer, where the tips can comprise a metal, metalloid, and/or semi-conducting material, and the backing layer can comprise an elastomeric polymer. The tip array can be used to perform a lithography process in which the tips are coated with an ink (e.g., a patterning composition) that is deposited onto a substrate upon contact of the tip with the substrate surface. The tips can be easily leveled onto a substrate and the leveling can be monitored optically by a change in light reflection of the backing layer and/or near the vicinity of the tips upon contact of the tip to the substrate surface.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of forming a pattern having pattern elements with a plurality of sizes on a substrate surface with a tilted pen array that includes choosing a tilt geometry for a pen array with respect to a substrate, inducing the tilt geometry between the pen array and the substrate surface, and forming a pattern having pattern elements on the substrate surface with the titled pen array, whereby the size of the formed pattern elements varies across the substrate surface along the tilted axis or axes. For example, the tilt geometry is in reference to the substrate surface and comprises a first angle with respect to a first axis of the substrate and a second angle with respect to a second axis of the substrate, the second axis being perpendicular to the first axis, and at least one of the first and second angles being non-zero.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of forming a pattern having pattern elements with a plurality of sizes on a substrate surface with a tilted pen array that includes choosing a tilt geometry for a pen array with respect to a substrate, inducing the tilt geometry between the pen array and the substrate surface, and forming a pattern having pattern elements on the substrate surface with the titled pen array, whereby the size of the formed pattern elements varies across the substrate surface along the tilted axis or axes. For example, the tilt geometry is in reference to the substrate surface and comprises a first angle with respect to a first axis of the substrate and a second angle with respect to a second axis of the substrate, the second axis being perpendicular to the first axis, and at least one of the first and second angles being non-zero.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of lithography using a tip array having a plurality of pens attached to a backing layer, where the tips can comprise a metal, metalloid, and/or semi-conducting material, and the backing layer can comprise an elastomeric polymer. The tip array can be used to perform a lithography process in which the tips are coated with an ink (e.g., a patterning composition) that is deposited onto a substrate upon contact of the tip with the substrate surface. The tips can be easily leveled onto a substrate and the leveling can be monitored optically by a change in light reflection of the backing layer and/or near the vicinity of the tips upon contact of the tip to the substrate surface.

Abstract: A method for forming a block copolymer pattern on a substrate, wherein the areal density of nanostructures in the pattern is increased by increasing the thickness of the block copolymer film that is applied to the substrate.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure, a method for forming submicron size nanostructures on a substrate surface includes contacting a substrate with a tip coated with an ink comprising a block copolymer matrix and a nanostructure precursor to form a printed feature comprising the block copolymer matrix and the nanostructure precursor on the substrate, and reducing the nanostructure precursor of the printed feature to form a nanostructure having a diameter (or line width) of less than 1 ?m.

Abstract: A method of forming nanostructures using block copolymer nanostructure templates is disclosed herein. The method includes forming a nanostructure template by patterning a block copolymer on a substrate and allowing the block copolymer to phase separate to form the nanostructure template. The nanostructure template can then be loaded with a nanostructure precursor material. The nanostructure template is removed to form the nanostructure.