Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to establishing a connection between a client and an endpoint in a manner that reduces network latency. In an example, a network layer proxy receives a request of a client for an endpoint connection establishment, the request including endpoint information. The network layer proxy sends, to an application layer proxy, the endpoint information, the endpoint information sent using a connection-less protocol. Thereafter, the network layer proxy receives, from the application layer proxy, a network address of an endpoint selected by the application layer proxy based on the endpoint information and application layer information. The network layer proxy sends a response to the client such that a connection is established to the endpoint using a connection-based protocol and such that the connection bypasses the application layer proxy.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for identifying relationships between items included in user-created item lists and a predefined set of keywords based at least in part upon a comparison of the item list titles and the keywords. Each item lists title may be compared with the set of keywords to determine if any of the title terms in the item list title matches any of the keywords. If a match is detected, each of the items included in the item list are associated with the matching keyword. Items that are associated with a particular keyword based on the comparison may be added to an item category corresponding to the keyword.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for forming relationships among items to enhance user experiences in navigating a content database. A user may initiate a request to associate a keyword or label with an item. The keyword may be associated with the user to form a user-keyword association and may be associated with the item to form an item-keyword association. If the item-keyword association meets a predefined threshold, the keyword may be surfaced as a community keyword corresponding to the item.