Abstract: Provided are electrochemical cells with at least a portion of the exterior surface coated in an aversive coating to deter children from eating the electrochemical cell. Described are compositions and methods for improving the adhesion of the aversive coating to the surface of the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Described are safer coin cells and materials having improved cold formability for making a contact for the coin cell. A titanium-based material can be used that has ?95 wt. % titanium, ?0.5 wt. % iron, ?0.5 wt. % oxygen, ?0.5 wt. % carbon, ?0.5 wt. % nitrogen, and ?0.5 wt. % hydrogen. A contact made from such material is resistant to reactions that form hydroxides in contact with bodily fluids, such as after ingestion. The titanium-based material has improved cold formability at room temperature, which reduces or eliminates microcracking during formation of the contact. Reduced or eliminated microcracking reduced or eliminated alkalizing reactions that would otherwise occur with conventional coin cells when in contact with bodily fluids.

Abstract: Provided are electrochemical cells with at least part of the exterior surface coated in a thin layer of an aversive coating to deter children from eating the electrochemical cell. Described are compositions and methods for applying thin layers of aversive coatings to electrochemical cells with sufficiently low electrical resistance to allow an electrical current to pass through the aversive coating.

Abstract: Provided are aversive coatings and electrochemical cells with at least a portion of the exterior surface coated in the aversive coating to deter children from eating the electrochemical cell. Described are compositions and methods for preparing electrochemical cells coated in aversive coatings with ratios of aversive taste agent to water-soluble polymer that adequately adhere the aversive coating to the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Provided are electrochemical cells with an aversive coating covering 2% to 50% of an area of an exterior surface of at least one terminal to deter children from eating the electrochemical cells. Described are compositions and methods for applying aversive coatings to specific locations of electrochemical cell terminals.

Abstract: An Fe—Ni—P-RE multicomponent alloy plating layer, electrodeposition preparation method, and plating application. The alloy plating layer obtained via electrodeposition contains elements Fe, Ni, P and RE, with the following mass percentages Fe— 16%-65%, Ni— 25%-70%, combined Fe and Ni— 63%-91%, RE 1.6%-25%, and the balance being P. The plating solution mainly contains the following components: ferrous salt, nickel salt, NaH2PO2, RECl3, H3BO3 and Na3C6H5O7. A multicomponent alloy plating layer of different components can be obtained by adjusting the main salt and complexing agent in the plating solution and by adjusting the process Enabled is controllable adjustment to the components of the obtained plating layer while saving costs, improved characteristics such as the thermal expansion coefficient, electrical property, magnetic property, etc., and products and methods very suitable for applications in the field of micro-electronics.

Abstract: Disclosed are a Fe—Ni—P-RE multicomponent alloy plating layer, and electrodeposition preparation method and application thereof. An alloy plating layer obtained via electrodeposition contains elements of Fe, Ni, P and RE, the mass percentage of Fe being 20%-65%, the mass percentage of Ni being 25%-70%, the combined mass percentage of Fe and Ni being 65%-90%, the mass percentage of RE being 2%-25%, and the balance being P. The plating solution mainly contains the following components: ferrous salt, nickel salt, NaH2PO2, RECl3, H3BO3 and Na3C6H5O7. A multicomponent alloy plating layer of different components can be obtained by adjusting the main salt and complexing agent in the plating solution and by adjusting the process. The present invention realizes controllable adjustment to the components of the obtained plating layer while saving costs, and further improves indexes such as the thermal expansion coefficient, electrical property, magnetic property, etc.

Abstract: The invention is a process for making an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode including a catalyst made by a solution precipitation process via an oxidation-reduction reaction between water-soluble oxidizing and reducing agents, at least one of which includes manganese. The reaction is carried out at less than 65° C., preferably with little or no heating. The oxidizing agent does not have a cation that is reduced in the reaction, and the reducing agent does not have an anion that is reduced in the reaction.

Abstract: The invention is an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode and an aqueous alkaline electrolyte within a cell housing having one or more ports for the passage of a gas to or from the catalytic electrode and a process for making the cell. The catalytic electrode includes a catalytic layer, containing a catalytic material, and a porous current collector, at least partially embedded in the catalytic layer. The current collector includes a substrate with an electrically conductive metal layer, in contact with the catalytic material on the side of the current collector facing the ports, and a coating including electrically conductive particles, in contact with the catalytic layer on the side facing the separator.

Abstract: An anode casing having a bright tin or bright tin alloy surface layer at least on an inside surface of the casing, preferably on the entire surface of the anode casing, and to an electrochemical cell containing the anode casing. Methods for preparing anode casings and electrochemical cells containing the anode casings are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the anode casings are plated at high current density utilizing a variable contact rack plating process, wherein portions of a clamp assembly of the device variably or alternately contact different portions of the anode casing so the entire surface of the anode casing is plated. The bright tin-plated surface is a high hydrogen-overvoltage metal that reduces gassing in cells using the casings.

Abstract: The invention is a process for making an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode including a catalyst made by a solution precipitation process via an oxidation-reduction reaction between water-soluble oxidizing and reducing agents, at least one of which includes manganese. The reaction is carried out at less than 65° C., preferably with little or no heating. The oxidizing agent does not have a cation that is reduced in the reaction, and the reducing agent does not have an anion that is reduced in the reaction.

Abstract: The invention is an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode and an aqueous alkaline electrolyte within a cell housing having one or more ports for the passage of a gas to or from the catalytic electrode and a process for making the cell. The catalytic electrode includes a catalytic layer, containing a catalytic material, and a porous current collector, at least partially embedded in the catalytic layer. The current collector includes a substrate with an electrically conductive metal layer, in contact with the catalytic material on the side of the current collector facing the ports, and a coating including electrically conductive particles, in contact with the catalytic layer on the side facing the separator.

Abstract: The invention is an electrochemical cell with a zinc-containing negative electrode, an aqueous alkaline electrolyte and a cup-shaped metal negative electrode casing in contact with the negative electrode. The negative electrode casing is formed from a substrate that is substantially free of copper and at least those portions of the surface of the negative electrode casing in the seal area and the current collector area are coated with a layer of an alloy comprising copper, tin and zinc. The alloy layer reduces hydrogen gassing within the cell and is particularly useful in cells with no added mercury. Embodiments of the invention include cells with prismatic, cylindrical and button shaped containers and cells with positive electrode active materials including manganese dioxide, silver oxide and oxygen.

Abstract: A process for making a catalytic electrode containing a transition metal nano-catalyst without using spray or thermal decomposition, and a process for making an electrochemical cell with a catalytic electrode. The nano-catalyst is a particulate material that includes particles that are at least partially oxidized, preferably to include at least oxide shells, before mixing with an activated carbon and binder in a liquid medium to adhere particles of the nano-catalyst to internal and external surfaces of the particles of activated carbon. Oxidation of the nano-catalyst particles allows the mixing of the nano-catalyst, activated carbon and binder in air rather than an inert gas atmosphere and can avoid the use of potentially dangerous liquid media such as highly volatile alcohols.

Abstract: An anode casing having a bright tin or bright tin alloy surface layer at least on an inside surface of the casing, preferably on the entire surface of the anode casing, and to an electrochemical cell containing the anode casing. Methods for preparing anode casings and electrochemical cells containing the anode casings are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the anode casings are plated at high current density utilizing a variable contact rack plating process, wherein portions of a clamp assembly of the device variably or alternately contact different portions of the anode casing so the entire surface of the anode casing is plated. The bright tin-plated surface is a high hydrogen-overvoltage metal that reduces gassing in cells using the casings.

Abstract: The invention is an electrochemical cell with a zinc-containing negative electrode, an aqueous alkaline electrolyte and a cup-shaped metal negative electrode casing in contact with the negative electrode. The negative electrode casing is formed from a substrate that is substantially free of copper and at least those portions of the surface of the negative electrode casing in the seal area and the current collector area are coated with a layer of an alloy comprising copper, tin and zinc. The alloy layer reduces hydrogen gassing within the cell and is particularly useful in cells with no added mercury. Embodiments of the invention include cells with prismatic, cylindrical and button shaped containers and cells with positive electrode active materials including manganese dioxide, silver oxide and oxygen.

Abstract: An improved button air cell is provided that contains zero mercury, is free of indium on the sealing surface of the anode cup and has an active material comprising zinc alloyed with lead. Also provided is a method of forming a button electrochemical cell free of mercury and having no indium on the inner surface of the anode cup.

Abstract: An improved button air cell is provided that contains zero mercury, is free of indium on the sealing surface of the anode cup and has an active material comprising zinc alloyed with lead. Also provided is a method of forming a button electrochemical cell free of mercury and having no indium on the inner surface of the anode cup.

Abstract: An improved air cell, and the method of forming the air cell, is provided. The cell has a uniformly laminated hydrophobic membrane using a high laminating force. The air cell has increased performance in high humidity or low humidity conditions.