Abstract: A system and method for determining bubble shell properties using optical scattering. One or more ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) bubbles is placed in an imaging volume and illuminated with a laser. The UCA is exposed to pressure variations (e.g., using pulses of imaging or therapeutic ultrasound), while optical scattering data are collected and processed. The scattering intensity is related to the radius of the UCA. Thus, changes in the radius due to varying pressure conditions results in variations in the scattering intensity. The collected data are processed to provide a radius versus time (RT) relationship. The RT relationship is fit to one or more conventional dynamic models. The fitted empirical data can be used to determine one or more UCA parameters, such as shear modulus and shell viscosity.

Abstract: A system and method for determining bubble shell properties using optical scattering. One or more ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) bubbles is placed in an imaging volume and illuminated with a laser. The UCA is exposed to pressure variations (e.g., using pulses of imaging or therapeutic ultrasound), while optical scattering data are collected and processed. The scattering intensity is related to the radius of the UCA. Thus, changes in the radius due to varying pressure conditions results in variations in the scattering intensity. The collected data are processed to provide a radius versus time (RT) relationship. The RT relationship is fit to one or more conventional dynamic models. The fitted empirical data can be used to determine one or more UCA parameters, such as shear modulus and shell viscosity.

Abstract: An electronic timing system, a substitution of traditional timing belt and the mechanical parts relating to timing belt, and of the type can control correct timing of automobile engine. It helps to design smaller and efficient engine, save energy cost and save possible labor cost to replace timing belt.

Abstract: An automobile-based video system, a substitution of traditional mirrors, and of the type have four video cameras, one control unit, two control buttons and one display panel with three screens and two light indicators. The control unit receives input video streams, does NIGHT enhancement transform and then sends them to the screens in the display panel. The transform functions enhance the sight when the outside is dark or it is in the evening.