Abstract: The solar cell includes: a substrate; a tunneling dielectric layer located on the first surface of the substrate; multiple doped conductive layers, where the multiple doped conductive layers are located on a surface of the tunneling dielectric layer away from the substrate, and are disposed at intervals; multiple first electrodes, where the multiple first electrodes are disposed at intervals, extend along a first direction, are arranged on a side of the multiple doped conductive layers away from the substrate, and are electrically connected to the multiple doped conductive layers; at least one conductive transport layer, where the at least one conductive transport layer is located between every two adjacent doped conductive layers in the multiple doped conductive layers, and is in contact with a side surface of the multiple doped conductive layers.

Abstract: A solar cell and a photovoltaic module, including a substrate and a first electrode. The first electrode is arranged on a surface of the substrate and electrically connected to the substrate. Along a thickness direction of the substrate, the first electrode is provided with a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a first transport layer. The first transport layer is located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, and the first transport layer is made of a semiconductor material and configured to electrically connect the first conductive layer with the second conductive layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate, a doped layer, a tunneling dielectric layer, doped conductive layers, first electrodes, and conductive transport layers. A doping concentration of the doped layer is greater than that of the substrate. The doped layer includes first doped regions, second doped regions and third doped regions. A doping concentration of each first doped region is less than that of each second doped region and that of each third doped region. The tunneling dielectric layer is disposed on the first and second doped regions. Each doped conductive layer is aligned with a first doped region and is disposed on a tunneling dielectric layer. Each first electrode is disposed on and electrically connected to the doped conductive layer. Each conductive transport layer is aligned with a second doped region and is disposed on the tunneling dielectric layer.

Abstract: A multistage power supply system and method for providing uninterrupted low voltage electrical power to control circuitry in an electric or hybrid-electric vehicle. A first stage includes a converter for receiving a low voltage input from a vehicle battery and converting the vehicle battery low voltage input to a high voltage output. A second stage provided in series communication with the first stage includes a converter for receiving one of a rectified AC high voltage input and the first stage high voltage output and converting the one of the rectified AC high voltage input and the first stage high voltage output to a low voltage output for use in powering the vehicle control circuitry. The low voltage output is produced by the second stage from the rectified AC high voltage input when the rectified AC high voltage input is present, and the low voltage output is produced by the second stage from the first stage high voltage output when the rectified AC high voltage input is absent.

Abstract: A multistage power supply system and method for providing uninterrupted low voltage electrical power to control circuitry in an electric or hybrid-electric vehicle. A first stage includes a converter for receiving a low voltage input from a vehicle battery and converting the vehicle battery low voltage input to a high voltage output. A second stage provided in series communication with the first stage includes a converter for receiving one of a rectified AC high voltage input and the first stage high voltage output and converting the one of the rectified AC high voltage input and the first stage high voltage output to a low voltage output for use in powering the vehicle control circuitry. The low voltage output is produced by the second stage from the rectified AC high voltage input when the rectified AC high voltage input is present, and the low voltage output is produced by the second stage from the first stage high voltage output when the rectified AC high voltage input is absent.