Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a flow rate of water based on an oxygen consumption of a farming target fish is disclosed. The apparatus can include a water temperature meter for measuring a water temperature of an aquaculture tank containing the farming target fish, an automatic feeder for supplying a fish feed to the aquaculture tank, a first oxygen concentration meter for measuring an oxygen concentration in water supplied to the aquaculture tank, a second oxygen concentration meter for measuring an oxygen concentration in water discharged from the aquaculture tank, an oxygen consumption calculator configured to calculate an oxygen consumption of the farming target fish, a water flow rate calculator configured to calculate a flow rate of water to be supplied to the aquaculture tank, and a water supply configured to supply the water to the aquaculture tank.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting a defect in a pattern are provided. The method includes: obtaining a pattern image from a pattern in a region of interest on a semiconductor substrate and obtaining a reference image are obtained; matching the obtained pattern image and the obtained reference image to select a pixel group including pixels indicating defect information of the pattern image; adjusting a defect detection threshold of the selected pixel group; comparing the obtained pattern image and the obtained reference image to detect a pattern defect in a detection region corresponding to the selected pixel group of the pattern image, according to the adjusted defect detection threshold.