Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method for automatically evaluating an essay. The system includes a structure analysis module configured to divide learning data and learner essay text in a predetermined structure analysis unit, generate structure tagging information for each structure analysis unit, and structure the learning data and the learner essay text by attaching the structure tagging information to the learning data and the learner essay text, a learning module configured to generate an essay evaluation model through learning by using essay text that is included in the structured learning data and the structure tagging information as an input value and using an evaluation score that is included in the structured learning data as a label, and an evaluation module configured to generate essay evaluation results using the essay evaluation model.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies and provide a method for transmitting system information, an apparatus, and a system, to reduce a delay in obtaining correct system information by a terminal device. One method includes: generating a system information block SIB, and sending the SIB in N time units of a SIB period, wherein a first time unit of the N time units includes a redundancy version number of the SIB that is set to 0, the SIB period comprises T time unit groups, and the T time unit groups comprise TP SIB candidate sending time unit groups, wherein TP?T, each of the T time unit groups comprises A time units for a clear channel assessment (CCA), and each of the TP SIB candidate sending time unit groups comprises r SIB candidate sending time units, and wherein N is a total quantity of SIB candidate sending time units comprised in one or more of the TP SIB candidate sending time unit groups that the CCA is successful, and N?TP×r.

Abstract: This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: determining a first frequency hopping pattern and a second frequency hopping pattern, wherein the first frequency hopping pattern and the second frequency hopping pattern comprises a same index set of N indexes corresponding to N channels; sending, based on the first frequency hopping pattern, data in each time unit of a first time period by using one of the N channels; and sending, based on the second frequency hopping pattern, data in each time unit of a second time period by using one of the N channels, wherein the first period and the second period are consecutive time periods each comprising N time units, each time unit starts and ends at starting times of two adjacent channels.

Abstract: Example coverage mode identification methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes determining a first coverage mode by a terminal. The terminal determines a preamble sequence based on the first coverage mode, and sends the preamble sequence to a base station, where the preamble sequence is used to determine the first coverage mode. Because the base station can determine the coverage mode of the terminal by using only the preamble sequence sent by the terminal, without using a channel used to receive a signal of the terminal, resources do not need to be grouped or planned, and there is no need to strictly distinguish between different coverage mode sets or groups.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose receiving, by a base station, a random access request message; sending a random access response message based on the preset frame structure; receiving an RRC connection request message based on the preset frame structure; and sending a contention resolution message based on the preset frame structure, to complete random access of a terminal, where the preset frame structure includes a first time-frequency resource segment and a second time-frequency resource segment; the first time-frequency resource segment includes a time-frequency resource used to send a synchronization signal and a PBCH, and further includes an idle time-frequency resource and/or an uplink time-frequency resource used to send uplink information; the second time-frequency resource segment includes an integer quantity of data frames with same duration; and duration of the first time-frequency resource segment is equal to duration of any data frame.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies and provide a method for transmitting system information, an apparatus, and a system, to reduce a delay in obtaining correct system information by a terminal device. One method includes: generating a system information block SIB, and sending the SIB in N time units of a SIB period, wherein a first time unit of the N time units includes a redundancy version number of the SIB that is set to 0, the SIB period comprises T time unit groups, and the T time unit groups comprise TP SIB candidate sending time unit groups, wherein TP?T , each of the T time unit groups comprises A time units for a clear channel assessment (CCA), and each of the TP SIB candidate sending time unit groups comprises r SIB candidate sending time units, and wherein N is a total quantity of SIB candidate sending time units comprised in one or more of the TP SIB candidate sending time unit groups that the CCA is successful, and N?TP×r.

Abstract: This application provides a data transmission method and apparatus. The method includes: determining a first frequency hopping pattern and a second frequency hopping pattern, wherein the first frequency hopping pattern and the second frequency hopping pattern comprises a same index set of N indexes corresponding to N channels; sending, based on the first frequency hopping pattern, data in each time unit of a first time period by using one of the N channels; and sending, based on the second frequency hopping pattern, data in each time unit of a second time period by using one of the N channels, wherein the first period and the second period are consecutive time periods each comprising N time units, each time unit starts and ends at starting times of two adjacent channels.

Abstract: A message transmission method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: determining, by a base station in a first sending cycle, a first time unit for sending a first message, where the first sending cycle includes one of the following cycles: a paging cycle or a broadcast cycle, the first message includes one of the following messages: a paging message or a broadcast message, and the first time unit includes one of the following time units: one or more subframes, or one or more slots. When determining, before a start location of the first time unit, that a CCA fails, determining a second time unit(s) for sending the first message; and sending the first message to a terminal device in one or more second time units for sending the first message that are after the first time unit for sending the first message.

Abstract: A method for sending a channel reservation signal and a base station, related to the field of communications technologies, includes: detecting, by a base station, whether a system signal is received on an unlicensed channel; and sending, by the base station, a channel reservation signal on the unlicensed channel to reserve the unlicensed channel based on the base station detecting that the system signal is received on the unlicensed channel.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide a carrier switching method on an unlicensed spectrum, a base station, and a terminal device. In those embodiments, a base station may communicate with a terminal device by using a first carrier in an unlicensed spectrum by occupying, within a scheduling cycle, an anchor carrier and any one of a plurality of data carriers in the unlicensed spectrum. The scheduling cycle may include N number of time scheduling unit. The anchor carrier may occupy a first or last M number of time scheduling units of a N number of time scheduling units. The data carrier occupies a time scheduling unit other than the first or last M number of time scheduling units in the N number of time scheduling units. The first carrier is the anchor carrier or the data carrier. The base station may switch from the first carrier to a second carrier.

Abstract: This application provides a data transmission method, to help increase a data transmission success rate. The method includes: broadcasting, by a network device, first channel information, where the first channel information is used to indicate a channel state of each of N channels, the channel state is that the channel is available or that the channel is unavailable, and N?1; and determining, by the network device, a channel for frequency hopping transmission based on the channel state of each channel.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and a communications apparatus. An example method includes: sending an ePDCCH to a terminal, where the ePDCCH carries scheduling information of a SIB; and sending a PDSCH to the terminal based on the scheduling information of the SIB, where the PDSCH carries the SIB.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for scheduling a system information block are disclosed, to increase a probability of obtaining a system information block by a terminal. A network device sends a master information block to the terminal, where the master information block includes DMTC period information; and the terminal receives the master information block, and detects a system information block, at a location of a subframe in a DMTC period. Alternatively, the master information block includes DMTC period information and DMTC time window information, and the terminal detects a system information block, at a location of a subframe in a DMTC period and in a DMTC window size. Alternatively, the master information block includes system information block period information or MF system information block content change indication information, and the terminal determines, based on the system information block period information, whether content of the detected system information block is changed.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide methods for detecting or sending a discovery signal, associated base station, and associated user equipment. A method includes: performing, by a base station, first carrier sense on first R subframes of one radio frame in a time sequence in a first discovery signal measurement timing (DMTC) window; and if the first carrier sense succeeds, sending, by the base station, a discovery signal in M consecutive subframes, where M is greater than or equal to 2, and the first subframe of the M consecutive subframes is located in the radio frame in the first DMTC window. The embodiments of this application are used to support enhanced discovery signal transmission by using a new DMTC, so that to implement accessing UE in a weak coverage scenario, thereby ensuring cell coverage performance.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to subframe configuration indication methods and apparatus. One example method includes determining, by a network device, a quantity of downlink symbols included in an (n+N)th subframe, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and sending, by the network device and in both a control region and a data region of an nth subframe, downlink control information (DCI) through downlink control channels, where the DCI is used to indicate the quantity of downlink symbols included in the (n+N)th subframe.

Abstract: Example coverage mode identification methods and apparatus are described. One example method includes determining a first coverage mode by a terminal. The terminal determines a preamble sequence based on the first coverage mode, and sends the preamble sequence to a base station, where the preamble sequence is used to determine the first coverage mode. Because the base station can determine the coverage mode of the terminal by using only the preamble sequence sent by the terminal, without using a channel used to receive a signal of the terminal, resources do not need to be grouped or planned, and there is no need to strictly distinguish between different coverage mode sets or groups.

Abstract: A communication method and an apparatus are provided, where the method includes: determining, by a base station, a pre-configured value; and sending, by the base station, a downlink subframe in a first subframe, where the downlink subframe carries a control format indicator and a physical downlink control channel, the control format indicator is used to indicate a quantity of symbols occupied by the physical downlink control channel, and the base station determines a value of the control format indicator based on the pre-configured value or the quantity of symbols occupied by the physical downlink control channel that needs to be sent in the downlink subframe. In this case, in a WCE scenario, PCFICH coverage enhancement may not be performed any longer, and therefore resource consumption is reduced and impact on PDCCH performance is avoided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for sending a channel reservation signal and a base station, and relates to the field of communications technologies, to reduce resource waste. The method provided in embodiments of the present invention includes: detecting, by a base station, whether the base station receives a system signal on an unlicensed channel; and sending, by the base station if the base station detects that the base station receives the system signal on the unlicensed channel, a channel reservation signal on the unlicensed channel to reserve the unlicensed channel.