Abstract: Disclosed are a system for and a method of determining the cause of a defect of a battery, which is specifically attributable to a human error, through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The system includes an impedance measurement unit for measuring an impedance value of a battery while sequentially applying AC current signals of respective frequencies to the battery, a controller for determining the cause of the defect of the battery on the basis of the measured impedance value, and a table in which each of impedance value ranges is associated with a cause of a defect. The controller determines a cause of a defect of the battery by comparing the measured impedance value and each of the impedance value ranges.

Abstract: A negative electrode of a secondary battery may include an electrode plate including lead; and an active material layer provided on the electrode plate and including composite particles having a core-shell structure, wherein a core of the composite particle includes lead; a shell of the composite particle includes carbon; and a specific surface area of the composite particles is 1 to 5,000 m2/g.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system for and a method of determining the cause of a defect of a battery, which is specifically attributable to a human error, through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The system includes an impedance measurement unit for measuring an impedance value of a battery while sequentially applying AC current signals of respective frequencies to the battery, a controller for determining the cause of the defect of the battery on the basis of the measured impedance value, and a table in which each of impedance value ranges is associated with a cause of a defect. The controller determines a cause of a defect of the battery by comparing the measured impedance value and each of the impedance value ranges.

Abstract: A negative electrode of a secondary battery may include an electrode plate including lead; and an active material layer provided on the electrode plate and including composite particles having a core-shell structure, wherein a core of the composite particle includes lead; a shell of the composite particle includes carbon; and a specific surface area of the composite particles is 1 to 5,000 m2/g.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition for a lead storage battery and a lead storage battery using the same are provided. More particularly, the electrolyte composition of a lead storage battery and the lead storage battery using the same improve stratification of an electrolyte without use of a separate mechanical device by using a natural stirring effect caused by a specific gravity difference between a dispersant having a specific gravity of from about 1.02 to about 1.35 and an electrolyte including distilled water and sulfuric acid. Due to the reduction in mechanical components, the electrolyte composition for a lead storage battery and a lead storage battery disclosed herein have enhanced durability compared to conventional batteries.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition for a lead storage battery and a lead storage battery using the same are provided. More particularly, the electrolyte composition of a lead storage battery and the lead storage battery using the same improve stratification of an electrolyte without use of a separate mechanical device by using a natural stirring effect caused by a specific gravity difference between a dispersant having a specific gravity of from about 1.02 to about 1.35 and an electrolyte including distilled water and sulfuric acid. Due to the reduction in mechanical components, the electrolyte composition for a lead storage battery and a lead storage battery disclosed herein have enhanced durability compared to conventional batteries.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a nano-pattern on a surface of a lens, which comprises steps of: (i) filling a conductive material in an space between a lens and a substrate; (ii) applying a first coating solution to the surface of the lens filled with the conductive material by to a wet process; (iii) forming a nano-pattern on the surface of the lens on which the first coating solution is applied by performing a reactive ion etching process; and (iv) removing the first coating solution remaining on the lens surface and the conductive material filling in the space between the lens and the substrate. The lens of the present invention is a functional lens with low reflectance, high transmittance and super water-repellency owing to a functional coating layer, thereby replacing the conventional lens on which an anti-reflective coating is formed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an antifogging porous silica thin film includes preparing a silicon block copolymer micelle solution, forming a coating layer by applying the solution on a substrate using a compressed air spraying method, forming a porous silica thin film by subjecting the coating layer to an oxygen plasma treatment, and solvent-annealing the porous silica thin film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a nano-pattern on a surface of a lens, which comprises steps of: (i) filling a conductive material in an space between a lens and a substrate; (ii) applying a first coating solution to the surface of the lens filled with the conductive material by to a wet process; (iii) forming a nano-pattern on the surface of the lens on which the first coating solution is applied by performing a reactive ion etching process; and (iv) removing the first coating solution remaining on the lens surface and the conductive material filling in the space between the lens and the substrate. The lens of the present invention is a functional lens with low reflectance, high transmittance and super water-repellency owing to a functional coating layer, thereby replacing the conventional lens on which an anti-reflective coating is formed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a platinum-manganese dioxide/carbon complex for a positive-electrode material of a lithium-air battery. More specifically, a manganese dioxide/carbon complex is prepared by dispersing carbon in a manganese dioxide precursor solution and applying microwaves, filtering and drying to the resulting solution. Next a platinum-manganese dioxide/carbon complex is prepared by dispersing the manganese dioxide/carbon complex in ethylene glycol, adding a platinum precursor and applying microwaves to the resulting solution. The platinum-manganese dioxide/carbon complex synthesized according to the present invention exhibits lower overvoltage and higher current density in oxygen reduction and oxidation reactions as compared to either a manganese dioxide/carbon complex or a platinum/carbon complex.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a platinum-manganese dioxide/carbon complex for a positive-electrode material of a lithium-air battery. More specifically, a manganese dioxide/carbon complex is prepared by dispersing carbon in a manganese dioxide precursor solution and applying microwaves, filtering and drying to the resulting solution. Next a platinum-manganese dioxide/carbon complex is prepared by dispersing the manganese dioxide/carbon complex in ethylene glycol, adding a platinum precursor and applying microwaves to the resulting solution. The platinum-manganese dioxide/carbon complex synthesized according to the present invention exhibits lower overvoltage and higher current density in oxygen reduction and oxidation reactions as compared to either a manganese dioxide/carbon complex or a platinum/carbon complex.