Abstract: Disclosed are use of a polynucleotide, protein, and biological material in the regulation and control of plant tuber development, and related products and production methods thereof. The tuber plant or part thereof, comprising a sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising a sequence having at least 92% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein the polypeptide is inhibited-expressed, loss-function, or overexpressed, and the development of plant tuber is changed. The polynucleotide is an identity gene of a tuber, and can control whether a tuber is formed, the formation time, the tuber size etc. by regulating and controlling a protein function, an expression quantity etc.