Abstract: Postoperative adhesion formation at an invasion site and migration of neutrophils to the site of surgical invasion are suppressed by administering an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody and/or a neutrophil-neutralizing antibody.

Abstract: Postoperative adhesion formation at an invasion site and migration of neutrophils to the site of surgical invasion are suppressed by administering an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody and/or a neutrophil-neutralizing antibody.

Abstract: In a control method for a fuel cell system, a fuel cell side converter that is provided between a fuel cell and an inverter is controlled to step up a fuel cell voltage to an inverter terminal voltage supplied to the inverter. A margin voltage is set to guarantee step-up operation or interruption of operation of the fuel cell side converter. A directly connected state or a voltage transforming state regarding an operation state of an energy storage device side converter is selected such that the inverter terminal voltage is higher than a sum of the margin voltage and the fuel cell voltage. The energy storage device side converter does not transform the energy storage device voltage in the directly connected state. The energy storage device side converter transforms the energy storage device voltage to the inverter terminal voltage in the voltage transforming state.

Abstract: In a control method for a fuel cell system, a fuel cell side converter that is provided between a fuel cell and an inverter is controlled to step up a fuel cell voltage to an inverter terminal voltage supplied to the inverter. A margin voltage is set to guarantee step-up operation or interruption of operation of the fuel cell side converter. A directly connected state or a voltage transforming state regarding an operation state of an energy storage device side converter is selected such that the inverter terminal voltage is higher than a sum of the margin voltage and the fuel cell voltage. The energy storage device side converter does not transform the energy storage device voltage in the directly connected state. The energy storage device side converter transforms the energy storage device voltage to the inverter terminal voltage in the voltage transforming state.

Abstract: In a variable stroke engine comprising a plurality of links (60, 61) connecting a piston (11) with a crankshaft (30), a control member (65) disposed on an engine main body so as to be moveable in two directions over a prescribed range relative to the engine main body, a control link (63) connecting one of the plurality of links with the control member and an actuator (AC) for displacing the control member, the actuator comprises a ratchet mechanism that utilizes a force transmitted from the piston to the control member as an actuating force for the control member. By providing a spring member (73, SP, 121) that applies a biasing force to the control member, an appropriate actuating force can be applied to the control member in either direction.

Abstract: A variable stroke characteristic engine in which a piston (11) and a crankshaft (30) are linked to a control shaft (65) via a variable stroke link mechanism (LV), and the variable stroke link mechanism (LV) is operated by a hydraulic actuator (AC) that drives the control shaft (65) to thus make the stroke travel of the piston (11) variable, in which the hydraulic actuator (AC) is formed from a housing (HU), a cover member covering an aperture of the housing (HU), a vane case provided integrally within the housing (HU), and a vane shaft (66) housed within the vane case, and the vane shaft (66) is formed integrally with the control shaft (65). The number of components of the actuator (AC) can be decreased, and its ease of assembly can be improved.

Abstract: In a variable stroke engine comprising a plurality of links (60, 61) connecting a piston (11) with a crankshaft (30), a control member (65) disposed on an engine main body so as to be moveable in two directions over a prescribed range relative to the engine main body, a control link (63) connecting one of the plurality of links with the control member and an actuator (AC) for displacing the control member, the actuator comprises a ratchet mechanism that utilizes a force transmitted from the piston to the control member as an actuating force for the control member. By providing a spring member (73, SP, 121) that applies a biasing force to the control member, an appropriate actuating force can be applied to the control member in either direction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve unit in an internal combustion engine is controlled by determining a difference between the output of a displacement sensor when a valve head is in an open position and the output of the displacement sensor when the valve head is in a closed position in each period of an opening and closing action of the valve head. The difference corresponds to a full displacement of the valve head between the open position and the closed position.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve unit in an internal combustion engine is controlled by determining a difference between the output of a displacement sensor when a valve head is in an open position and the output of the displacement sensor when the valve head is in a closed position in each period of an opening and closing action of the valve head. The difference corresponds to a full displacement of the valve head between the open position and the closed position.