Abstract: A sleeve has an input port, an output port, an insertion hole, and only one discharge port. A spool is axially slidable through the insertion hole to communicate among the input port, the output port, and the discharge port. An electric actuator is provided to one end of the sleeve and has a variable volume chamber, which communicates with the discharge port through an axial through hole and a spool breathing hole in the spool. The spool has a communication through hole to lead fluid from the output port to the discharge port through the axial through hole. A passage partition member is in the axial through hole to define an in-spool breathing passage communicating with the spool breathing hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method, of water glass, comprising dissolving a sodium-based byproduct which is by-produced in the process of enhancing the purity of silicone and not only contains silicon but also contains sodium silicate as a main component, in water to produce crude water glass, at the same time, dissolving the silicon to generate a hydrogen gas, and then filtering the crude water glass to produce water glass. An object of the present invention is to provide a production method of water glass, ensuring that in utilizing, as water glass, a sodium-based byproduct which is by-produced in the process of enhancing the purity of silicon and not only contains silicon but also contains sodium silicate as a main component, the problem of hydrogen gas generation attributable to silicon contained in the byproduct can be solved, a safe and stable operation is possible, and effective utilization as transparent water glass can be achieved.

Abstract: A solenoid valve includes: a moving core; a coil for generating magnetic force that attracts the moving core; a stator that forms a magnetic circuit in cooperation with the moving core and attracts the moving core; and a cup-shaped member disposed at the inner periphery of the stator and on the outer periphery of the moving core. The cup-shaped member reciprocatably supports the moving core, and restricts hydraulic fluid leakage from the moving core side to the outer periphery side. A collar made of a soft magnetic material, disposed so as to face a face on the stator side in the axial direction of the moving core, and forming a magnetic circuit in cooperation with the moving core and the stator.

Abstract: A bobbin and a magnetic transmitting/receiving stator are positioned by fitting two positioning projections provided for a bobbin flange into two positioning holes formed in a stator flange. The positioning hole has a circular shape and the positioning projection has a flat oval shape which matches a diameter part of the circular shape so that a resin-passing gap is formed between the shapes. Since the resin-passing gap plays the role equivalent to the role of a resin passing hole, the total number of positioning holes and the resin passing holes can be reduced, and magnetic flux passing through the stator flange can be prevented from decreasing. Since a post-forming resin flows through the resin-passing gap in the positioning part, the flow of the post-forming resin can be made uniform in the whole periphery, and occurrence of poor molding can be restricted.

Abstract: A sleeve has an input port, an output port, an insertion hole, and only one discharge port. A spool is axially slidable through the insertion hole to communicate among the input port, the output port, and the discharge port. An electric actuator is provided to one end of the sleeve and has a variable volume chamber, which communicates with the discharge port through an axial through hole and a spool breathing hole in the spool. The spool has a communication through hole to lead fluid from the output port to the discharge port through the axial through hole. A passage partition member is in the axial through hole to define an in-spool breathing passage communicating with the spool breathing hole.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a large amount of inexpensive and high purity silicon useful in a solar battery. The method includes steps of preparing molten silicon, preparing a slag, bringing the molten silicon and the slag into contact with each other, and exposing at least the slag to vacuum pressure.

Abstract: A process for production of Si, characterized by adding an oxide, hydroxide, carbonate or fluoride of an alkali metal element, or an oxide, hydroxide, carbonate or fluoride of an alkaline earth metal element, or two or more of such compounds, to solid SiO in a total molar amount of from 1/20 to 1000 times with respect to the moles of solid SiO, heating the mixture at between the melting point of Si and 2000° C. to induce a chemical reaction which produces Si and separating and recovering the Si from the reaction by-product, for the purpose of inexpensively and efficiently producing Si from various forms of solid SiO with no industrial value produced from Si production steps and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a great deal of inexpensive high purity silicon useful in a solar battery. Disclosed is a method for producing high purity silicon by removing boron from silicon by oxidization including commencing an oxidization reaction between an oxidizing agent and molten silicon, and cooling at least part of the oxidizing agent during the reaction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a great deal of inexpensive high purity silicon useful in a solar battery. Disclosed is a method for producing the high purity silicon by migrating impurities in molten silicon to slag including the step of feeding an oxidizing agent to the molten silicon together with slag, wherein the oxidizing agent is a material comprising as a primary component at least one of the following materials: alkali metal carbonate, hydrate of alkali metal carbonate, alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline-earth metal carbonate, hydrate of alkaline-earth metal carbonate or alkaline-earth metal hydroxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for removal of boron from metal silicon inexpensively and extremely efficiently by a simple method, specifically, heating metal silicon containing boron as an impurity to its melting point to 2200° C. to place it in a molten state, then adding a solid mainly comprised of silicon dioxide and a solid mainly comprised of one or both of a carbonate of an alkali metal or a hydrate of a carbonate of an alkali metal into said molten silicon so as to form a slag and remove the boron in the silicon.

Abstract: A bobbin and a magnetic transmitting/receiving stator are positioned by fitting two positioning projections provided for a bobbin flange into two positioning holes formed in a stator flange. The positioning hole has a circular shape and the positioning projection has a flat oval shape which matches a diameter part of the circular shape so that a resin-passing gap is formed between the shapes. Since the resin-passing gap plays the role equivalent to the role of a resin passing hole, the total number of positioning holes and the resin passing holes can be reduced, and magnetic flux passing through the stator flange can be prevented from decreasing. Since a post-forming resin flows through the resin-passing gap in the positioning part, the flow of the post-forming resin can be made uniform in the whole periphery, and occurrence of poor molding can be restricted.

Abstract: A solenoid valve includes: a moving core; a coil for generating magnetic force that attracts the moving core; a stator that forms a magnetic circuit in cooperation with the moving core and attracts the moving core; and a cup-shaped member disposed at the inner periphery of the stator and on the outer periphery of the moving core. The cup-shaped member reciprocatably supports the moving core, and restricts hydraulic fluid leakage from the moving core side to the outer periphery side. A collar made of a soft magnetic material, disposed so as to face a face on the stator side in the axial direction of the moving core, and forming a magnetic circuit in cooperation with the moving core and the stator.

Abstract: A bottomed cylindrical member is disposed inner side of a stator core and a coil. The cylindrical member is made of non-magnetic material such as a stainless steel. The cylindrical member has a small diameter portion at the bottom side and a large diameter portion continuously made with the small diameter portion at the side of an attracting portion and has a larger inner diameter than that of the small diameter portion. The small diameter portion is slidablly in contact with a slider core, and reciprocatably supports the slider core. Since a radius difference between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion is equal to or larger than 30 ?m, a clearance larger than sliding clearance is formed between an inner circumferential surface of the large diameter portion and an outer circumferential surface of the sliding core. Thus, an electromagnetic driving apparatus and an electromagnetic valve, which smoothly reciprocate the sliding core, are provided.

Abstract: A solenoid spool valve includes a spool valve, a spring, and an electromagnetic actuator. The spool valve has a generally cylindrical sleeve provided with a fluid input port and a fluid output port and a spool supported in the sleeve for axial displacement to switch between said input and output ports. The spring abuts a first working face of said spool to energize said spool in a first axial direction. The electromagnetic actuator provides an axial drive force to a second working face of said spool in a second axial direction that is substantially opposite to said first axial direction. The first and second working faces are disposed axially inside of both axial end portions of a bearing, respectively, for slidably supporting said spool in said sleeve.

Abstract: A shaft is press-fit into the valve member or the plunger of an electromagnetic valve to transmit the axial movement of the plunger to the valve member. A diameter reducing mechanism is provided for reducing the diameter of at least the press-fit portion of the shaft so that the diameter of the shaft is decreased by a press-fitting force applied to the shaft by the valve member and/or plunger. Deformation due to the press-fitting process is absorbed by the shaft, so deformation of the valve member and/or plunger is inhibited. Accordingly, it is unnecessary to give a large margin to a plunger side air gap, and magnetic efficiency can be improved. Also, two chambers on both axial sides of the plunger can communicate with each other through a clearance provided by the C-shaped cross-section, an inner hole and a penetration hole of the shaft. Therefore, it is unnecessary to form any separate groove or hole in the plunger for respiration.

Abstract: A solenoid spool valve includes a spool valve, a spring, and an electromagnetic actuator. The spool valve has a generally cylindrical sleeve provided with a fluid input port and a fluid output port and a spool supported in the sleeve for axial displacement to switch between said input and output ports. The spring abuts a first working face of said spool to energize said spool in a first axial direction. The electromagnetic actuator provides an axial drive force to a second working face of said spool in a second axial direction that is substantially opposite to said first axial direction. The first and second working faces are disposed axially inside of both axial end portions of a bearing, respectively, for slidably supporting said spool in said sleeve.

Abstract: A solenoid actuator of a solenoid valve has a solenoid, a yoke, a stator, a cup and a restrained portion. The yoke radially surrounds the stator while radially forming an outer circumferential gap therebetween. The cup receives a plunger. The cup is arranged in the stator while radially forming an inner circumferential gap therebetween. The restrained portion is axially inserted between an internal portion of the yoke and the stator. The outer circumferential gap is greater than the inner circumferential gap. Therefore, even when the inner circumferential gap is set to be small to effectively apply magnetic power generated by the solenoid to the plunger, radial misalignment of the cup can be accommodated by the outer circumferential gap.

Abstract: A shaft is press-fit into the valve member or the plunger of an electromagnetic valve to transmit the axial movement of the plunger to the valve member. A diameter reducing mechanism is provided for reducing the diameter of at least the press-fit portion of the shaft so that the diameter of the shaft is decreased by a press-fitting force applied to the shaft by the valve member and/or plunger. Deformation due to the press-fitting process is absorbed by the shaft, so deformation of the valve member and/or plunger is inhibited. Accordingly, it is unnecessary to give a large margin to a plunger side air gap, and magnetic efficiency can be improved. Also, two chambers on both axial sides of the plunger can communicate with each other through a clearance provided by the C-shaped cross-section, an inner hole and a penetration hole of the shaft. Therefore, it is unnecessary to form any separate groove or hole in the plunger for respiration.

Abstract: In an oil flow control valve (OCV) according to the present invention, a first volume varying chamber is adapted to communicate with a second volume varying chamber through a second plunger breathing path, and the second volume varying chamber is adapted to communicate with a first breathing hole through an intra-plunger breathing path, an intra-shaft breathing path, and a third volume varying chamber. That is, the breathing path to the second volume varying chamber is long and the volume thereof is large, and the breathing path to the first volume varying chamber is still longer and larger in its volume. Consequently, the amount of foreign matters getting into the first and second volume varying chambers can be decreased and therefore it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an operation defect of the OCV.

Abstract: A bottomed cylindrical member is disposed inner side of a stator core and a coil. The cylindrical member is made of non-magnetic material such as a stainless steel. The cylindrical member has a small diameter portion at the bottom side and a large diameter portion continuously made with the small diameter portion at the side of an attracting portion and has a larger inner diameter than that of the small diameter portion. The small diameter portion is slidablly in contact with a slider core, and reciprocatably supports the slider core. Since a radius difference between the small diameter portion and the large diameter portion is equal to or larger than 30 ?m, a clearance larger than sliding clearance is formed between an inner circumferential surface of the large diameter portion and an outer circumferential surface of the sliding core. Thus, an electromagnetic driving apparatus and an electromagnetic valve, which smoothly reciprocate the sliding core, are provided.