Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composition for external skin use that has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity and is very safe. [Solution] A composition for external skin use for inflammatory diseases contains dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) as the active ingredient thereof. It is preferable for the DGLA to be present as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The amount of DGLA contained in the composition for external use is 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composition for external skin use that has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity, and is very safe. [Solution] A composition for external skin use for inflammatory diseases contains dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) as the active ingredient thereof. It is preferable for the DGLA to be present as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The amount of DGLA contained in the composition for external use is 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for improving vascular endothelial function, comprising: an ingredient selected from a monounsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms or more, a salt thereof, and an ester thereof as an active ingredient, in which the ratio of the monounsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms or more to the total fatty acids in the composition is 10 wt % or greater. The present invention also provides a composition for improving sleep, comprising an ingredient selected from a monounsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms or more, a salt thereof, and an ester thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composition for external skin use that has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity, and is very safe. [Solution] A composition for external skin use for inflammatory diseases contains dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) as the active ingredient thereof. It is preferable for the DGLA to be present as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The amount of DGLA contained in the composition for external use is 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composition for external skin use that has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity, and is very safe. [Solution] A composition for external skin use for inflammatory diseases contains dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) as the active ingredient thereof. It is preferable for the DGLA to be present as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The amount of DGLA contained in the composition for external use is 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composition for external skin use that has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity, and is very safe. [Solution] A composition for external skin use for inflammatory diseases contains dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) as the active ingredient thereof. It is preferable for the DGLA to be present as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The amount of DGLA contained in the composition for external use is 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for improving vascular endothelial function, comprising: an ingredient selected from a monounsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms or more, a salt thereof, and an ester thereof as an active ingredient, in which the ratio of the monounsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms or more to the total fatty acids in the composition is 10 wt % or greater. The present invention also provides a composition for improving sleep, comprising an ingredient selected from a monounsaturated fatty acid having 20 carbon atoms or more, a salt thereof, and an ester thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composition for external skin use that has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity, and is very safe. [Solution] A composition for external skin use for inflammatory diseases contains dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) as the active ingredient thereof. It is preferable for the DGLA to be present as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The amount of DGLA contained in the composition for external use is 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: A method of increasing blood cholecyctokinin level is described. The method includes administering to a subject in need of increasing blood cholecyctokinin level a therapeutically effective amount of palmitoleic acid, a salt thereof, or an ester thereof.

Abstract: A compound derived from the culture product of an actinomycete and having an antitumor activity is provided. Provided is a compound represented by any one of formulas (I), (II) and (III) or an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which can be isolated from the culture fluid of an actinomycete which belongs to the genus Streptomyces, wherein R1, R2, R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a double bond by which R1 and R2 or R5 and R6 are bonded; R3, R4, R7 and R8 each independently represent a methyl group or a hydroxymethyl group; and R9 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A compound derived from the culture product of an actinomycete and having an antitumor activity is provided. Provided is a compound represented by any one of formulas (I), (II) and (III) or an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which can be isolated from the culture fluid of an actinomycete which belongs to the genus Streptomyces, wherein R1, R2, R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a double bond by which R1 and R2 or R5 and R6 are bonded; R3, R4, R7 and R8 each independently represent a methyl group or a hydroxymethyl group; and R9 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composition for external skin use that has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity, and is very safe. [Solution] A composition for external skin use for inflammatory diseases contains dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) as the active ingredient thereof. It is preferable for the DGLA to be present as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The amount of DGLA contained in the composition for external use is 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: [Problem] Provision of a composition for external use on skin that is safe to use and has an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic actions. [Solution] A composition for external use on skin in the treatment of inflammatory disease which comprises dihomo-?-linolenic acid (DGLA) as an active ingredient. The DGLA is preferably contained as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The composition for external use contains DGLA in an amount of 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods of intervention for anxiety associated disorders, in particular, trauma-derived disorders such as PTSD, and therapeutic or prophylactic agents for anxiety associated disorders that can be used as foods, beverages, and dietary supplements, for example, and which contain as an active ingredient n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in krill oil or fish oil, for example. The present invention further provides methods for alleviating fear memory or methods for preventing its formation by adjusting the proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids as ingested.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods of intervention for anxiety associated disorders, in particular, trauma-derived disorders such as PTSD, and therapeutic or prophylactic agents for anxiety associated disorders that can be used as foods, beverages, and dietary supplements, for example, and which contain as an active ingredient n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in krill oil or fish oil, for example. The present invention further provides methods for alleviating fear memory or methods for preventing its formation by adjusting the proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids as ingested.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anorectic agent comprising palmitoleic acid as an active ingredient.

Abstract: [Problem] Provision of a composition for external use on skin that is safe to use and has an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic actions. [Solution] A composition for external use on skin in the treatment of inflammatory disease which comprises dihomo-?-linolenic acid (DGLA) as an active ingredient. The DGLA is preferably contained as a glyceride, a phospholipid, or an alkyl ester. The composition for external use contains DGLA in an amount of 0.1-50 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides new methods of intervention for anxiety associated disorders, in particular, trauma-derived disorders such as PTSD, and therapeutic or prophylactic agents for anxiety associated disorders that can be used as foods, beverages, and dietary supplements, for example, and which contain as an active ingredient n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in krill oil or fish oil, for example. The present invention further provides methods for alleviating fear memory or methods for preventing its formation by adjusting the proportion of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids as ingested.

Abstract: A novel compound derived from the culture product of an actinomycete and having an antitumor activity is provided. Provided is a compound represented by any one of formulas (I), (II) and (III) or an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which can be isolated from the culture fluid of an actinomycete which belongs to the genus Streptomyces, wherein R1, R2, R5 and R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a hydroxyl group, or a double bond by which R1 and R2 or R5 and R6 are bonded; R3, R4, R7 and R8 each independently represent a methyl group or a hydroxymethyl group; and R9 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (1), wherein X is, for example, CH, CH2, CHR (wherein R is a lower alkyl group or a substituted lower alkyl group) or CRR? (wherein R and R? are the same as the above defined R); Y is, for example, CH, CH2 or C?O; Z is, for example, O, S, S?O or SO2; U is C or N; R1 to R4 are each independently, for example, a hydrogen atom, OR, SR (wherein R is the same as defined above), or an aromatic ring, a substituted aromatic ring or a heterocycle; at least one of R5 and R8 is, for example, OH and the remaining of R5 and R8 are each independently, for example, a hydrogen atom or OH, optical isomers thereof, conjugates thereof or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. These compounds are characterized in having a wide range of pharmacological actions such as an excellent relaxing action of tracheal smooth muscles, an inhibition of airway hypersensitivity and an inhibition of infiltration of inflammatory cells into the airway and, in addition, high safety.