Abstract: Provided are a conference system and a method for controlling bandwidth thereof. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the conference system enables a bandwidth pattern obtained from one terminal to be shared with other terminals connected to the conference in the same area as the terminal, such that a process of identifying bandwidths of users connected to the conference in the area may be omitted, thereby reducing a time required for stabilizing a service quality.

Abstract: Provided are a conference access method and a terminal for performing the same. A terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an interface configured to receive a plurality of different access addresses for access to a conference from a conference server; an access attempter configured to attempt to simultaneously access the conference via each of the plurality of access addresses; and a priority allocator configured to collect an access result for each of the plurality of access addresses, and to allocate an access priority to each of the plurality of access addresses based on the access result, wherein the access attempter attempts to access the conference via an access address having a highest access priority among the plurality of access addresses.

Abstract: A terminal for connecting to a conference via a network according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an image acquisition unit configured to acquire each participant image received from a plurality of other terminals connected to the conference, a network monitoring unit configured to monitor performance of the network, an image analyzer configured to analyze the each participant image to acquire one or more of image information, speech information, and quality information of the each participant image when the performance of the network changes, and a quality controller configured to change the quality of at least some of the participant images according to the analysis result of the each participant image.

Abstract: A terminal for connecting to a conference via a network according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an image acquisition unit configured to acquire each participant image received from a plurality of other terminals connected to the conference, a network monitoring unit configured to monitor performance of the network, an image analyzer configured to analyze the each participant image to acquire one or more of image information, speech information, and quality information of the each participant image when the performance of the network changes, and a quality controller configured to change the quality of at least some of the participant images according to the analysis result of the each participant image.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing multi-party conference and a method for assigning an encoder in the apparatus are provided. The apparatus for providing multi-party conference according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an image quality determination module configured to determine an image providing quality for a terminal connected to a multi-party conference created in the apparatus; and an encoder assignment module configured to assign an encoder to the terminal based on the image providing quality, wherein when an assignable encoder does not exist at the time of assigning the encoder, the encoder assignment module retrieves one encoder among previously assigned encoders and assigns the retrieved encoder to the terminal.

Abstract: A peer-to-peer communication system in a partial mesh network includes a relay server configured to add, to a relay list, subscription information of a reception terminal included in a data subscription request in response to the data subscription request received from the reception terminal and a transmission terminal configured to receive the data subscription request from the relay server and add the subscription information of the reception terminal to a server transmission list.

Abstract: Provided are a conference access method and a terminal for performing the same. A terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an interface configured to receive a plurality of different access addresses for access to a conference from a conference server; an access attempter configured to attempt to simultaneously access the conference via each of the plurality of access addresses; and a priority allocator configured to collect an access result for each of the plurality of access addresses, and to allocate an access priority to each of the plurality of access addresses based on the access result, wherein the access attempter attempts to access the conference via an access address having a highest access priority among the plurality of access addresses.

Abstract: Provided are a conference system and a method for controlling bandwidth thereof. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the conference system enables a bandwidth pattern obtained from one terminal to be shared with other terminals connected to the conference in the same area as the terminal, such that a process of identifying bandwidths of users connected to the conference in the area may be omitted, thereby reducing a time required for stabilizing a service quality.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing multi-party conference and a method for assigning an encoder in the apparatus are provided. The apparatus for providing multi-party conference according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an image quality determination module configured to determine an image providing quality for a terminal connected to a multi-party conference created in the apparatus; and an encoder assignment module configured to assign an encoder to the terminal based on the image providing quality, wherein when an assignable encoder does not exist at the time of assigning the encoder, the encoder assignment module retrieves one encoder among previously assigned encoders and assigns the retrieved encoder to the terminal.

Abstract: A disk drive that includes a noise reduction unit, and a method of reducing noise by using the disk drive. The disk drive includes a main chassis; a tray operatively coupled to the main chassis such that the tray is slidable relative to the main chassis, the tray including a disk accommodation portion configured to accommodate a storage medium such that the storage medium is rotatable relative to the disk accommodation portion; and a noise reduction unit configured to reduce a pressure concentration on an end portion of the storage medium as the storage medium rotates to reduce noise.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, a microcontroller, and methods for controlling the image forming apparatus and the microcontroller are provided. The microcontroller include: a memory controller which is connected to an external memory operating in a self-refresh mode if a normal mode changes to a low power mode and outputs a preset signal which is to cancel the self-refresh mode if the low power mode changes to the normal mode; a memory interface unit which transmits the preset signal to a main memory; and a signal detector which detects whether the preset signal has been output. Here, the memory controller powers off the memory interface unit if the normal mode changes to the low power mode and powers on the memory interface unit if the low power mode changes to the normal mode, and the output of the preset signal is detected by the signal detector.

Abstract: A cover for an optical disc drive. The cover includes: a body having a top portion that is configured to cover a disc if the disc is inserted into the optical disc drive, and a pressure structure formed on the body and having an asymmetrical shape.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing error correction code and error correction decoding are provided. The method for producing error correction code includes generating an asymmetric matrix by arranging input data bits in a matrix of a predefined size and adding a zero bit column and/or a zero bit row, each of the column and the row consisting of zero bits, to the matrix; primarily encoding the asymmetric matrix by adding one or more parity bits to each row; and secondarily encoding the primarily encoded matrix by adding one or more parity bits to each column of the encoded matrix.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes a plurality of memory blocks. Each of memory blocks includes a main area including a plurality of first memory cells having a phase-change material and a spare area including at least one second memory cell for storing initial information about the plurality of first memory cells. In the non-volatile memory device, a circuit of the at least one second memory cell is cut off according to the initial information, and the initial information is defective block information that is information about a defect of the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, a microcontroller, and methods for controlling the image forming apparatus and the microcontroller are provided. The microcontroller include: a memory controller which is connected to an external memory operating in a self-refresh mode if a normal mode changes to a low power mode and outputs a preset signal which is to cancel the self-refresh mode if the low power mode changes to the normal mode; a memory interface unit which transmits the preset signal to a main memory; and a signal detector which detects whether the preset signal has been output. Here, the memory controller powers off the memory interface unit if the normal mode changes to the low power mode and powers on the memory interface unit if the low power mode changes to the normal mode, and the output of the preset signal is detected by the signal detector.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory device includes a plurality of memory blocks. Each of memory blocks includes a main area including a plurality of first memory cells having a phase-change material and a spare area including at least one second memory cell for storing initial information about the plurality of first memory cells. In the non-volatile memory device, a circuit of the at least one second memory cell is cut off according to the initial information, and the initial information is defective block information that is information about a defect of the plurality of memory blocks.

Abstract: A cover for an optical disc drive. The cover includes: a body having a top portion that is configured to cover a disc if the disc is inserted into the optical disc drive, and a pressure structure formed on the body and having an asymmetrical shape.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing error correction code and error correction decoding are provided. The method for producing error correction code includes generating an asymmetric matrix by arranging input data bits in a matrix of a predefined size and adding a zero bit column and/or a zero bit row, each of the column and the row consisting of zero bits, to the matrix; primarily encoding the asymmetric matrix by adding one or more parity bits to each row; and secondarily encoding the primarily encoded matrix by adding one or more parity bits to each column of the encoded matrix.

Abstract: A disk drive that includes a noise reduction unit, and a method of reducing noise by using the disk drive. The disk drive includes a main chassis; a tray operatively coupled to the main chassis such that the tray is slidable relative to the main chassis, the tray including a disk accommodation portion configured to accommodate a storage medium such that the storage medium is rotatable relative to the disk accommodation portion; and a noise reduction unit configured to reduce a pressure concentration on an end portion of the storage medium as the storage medium rotates to reduce noise.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of controlling low power thereof are provided. A main power supply unit of the image forming apparatus including a plurality of operation units supplies power and a main controller controls the plurality of operations units in an active mode in which power is supplied to the main controller and the operation units. The main controller enters a standby mode by interrupting power supplied to the main controller and the operation units from the main power supply unit, and data received through at least one communication interface is analyzed to determine whether to convert the standby mode into the active mode.