Abstract: A method of extracting viable bacterial cells from a soil sample by mixing a dispersant-surfactant solution with a soil sample to form a soil slurry, adding the soil slurry to a centrifuge tube containing a density gradient medium, centrifuging the centrifuge tube to form a solvent layer above the density gradient medium, wherein the solvent layer comprises viable bacterial cells, extracting the solvent layer containing the viable bacterial cells, combining the extracted solvent layer with a PBS solution to form a PBS-cell mixture, filtering the PBS-cell mixture to form a cell filtrate, depositing the cell filtrate into a second centrifuge tube containing a quantity of the density gradient medium, centrifuging the second centrifuge tube to form a second solvent layer comprising the viable bacterial cells, and extracting the second solvent layer from the second centrifuge medium to form a second cell filtrate comprising the viable bacterial cells.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pyrazole amide compound as represented by general formula I, wherein, R1 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl and C2-C6 alkyl; and R2 and R3 can be the same or different, and are respectively and independently selected from the C1-C6 alkyl. The general formula I compound has an excellent bactericidal activity, and can be used to prevent and control fungal diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pyrazole amide compound as represented by general formula I, wherein, R1 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl and C2-C6 alkyl; and R2 and R3 can be the same or different, and are respectively and independently selected from the C1-C6 alkyl. The general formula I compound has an excellent bactericidal activity, and can be used to prevent and control fungal diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substituted pyrimidine compound having a structure as represented by formula PY. See the description for the definition of each substituent in the formula. The compound of the present invention provides broad-spectrum bactericidal, pesticidal, and acaricidal activities, provides great control effects against plant diseases such as cucumber downy mildew, corn rust, wheat powdery mildew, rice blast, and cucumber gray mold, specifically provides improved control effects against cucumber downy mildew, corn rust, wheat powdery mildew, and rice blast, provides great control effects against aphid, carmine spider mite, diamondback moth, and armyworm, and acquires great effects at a minimal dosage. The compound of the present invention also provides characteristics such as a simplified preparation method.

Abstract: The presently disclosed inventive concepts are directed in certain embodiments to a method of producing protoporphyrin IX by (1) cultivating a strain of Shewanella bacteria in a culture medium under conditions suitable for growth thereof, and (2) recovering the protoporphyrin IX from the culture medium. The strain of Shewanella bacteria comprises at least one mutant hemH gene which is incapable of normal expression, thereby causing an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX. In certain embodiments of the method, the strain of Shewanella bacteria is a strain of S. loihica, and more specifically may be S. loihica PV-4. In certain embodiments, the mutant hemH gene of the strain of Shewanella bacteria may be a mutant of shew_2229 and/or of shew_1140.

Abstract: The presently disclosed inventive concepts are directed in certain embodiments to a method of producing protoporphyrin IX by (1) cultivating a strain of Shewanella bacteria in a culture medium under conditions suitable for growth thereof, and (2) recovering the protoporphyrin IX from the culture medium. The strain of Shewanella bacteria comprises at least one mutant hemH gene which is incapable of normal expression, thereby causing an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX. In certain embodiments of the method, the strain of Shewanella bacteria is a strain of S. loihica, and more specifically may be S. loihica PV-4. In certain embodiments, the mutant hemH gene of the strain of Shewanella bacteria may be a mutant of shew_2229 and/or of shew_1140.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substituted pyrimidine compound having a structure as represented by formula PY. See the description for the definition of each substituent in the formula. The compound of the present invention provides broad-spectrum bactericidal, pesticidal, and acaricidal activities, provides great control effects against plant diseases such as cucumber downy mildew, corn rust, wheat powdery mildew, rice blast, and cucumber gray mold, specifically provides improved control effects against cucumber downy mildew, corn rust, wheat powdery mildew, and rice blast, provides great control effects against aphid, carmine spider mite, diamondback moth, and armyworm, and acquires great effects at a minimal dosage. The compound of the present invention also provides characteristics such as a simplified preparation method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for quantitatively analyzing microbial genes, species, or strains in a sample that contains at least two species or strains of microorganisms. The method involves using an isothermal DNA polymerase to randomly and representatively amplify genomic DNA of the microorganisms in the sample, hybridizing the resultant polynucleotide amplification product to a polynucleotide microarray that can differentiate different genes, species, or strains of microorganisms of interest, and measuring hybridization signals on the microarray to quantify the genes, species, or strains of interest.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for quantitatively analyzing microbial genes, species, or strains in a sample that contains at least two species or strains of microorganisms. The method involves using an isothermal DNA polymerase to randomly and representatively amplify genomic DNA of the microorganisms in the sample, hybridizing the resultant polynucleotide amplification product to a polynucleotide microarray that can differentiate different genes, species, or strains of microorganisms of interest, and measuring hybridization signals on the microarray to quantify the genes, species, or strains of interest.

Abstract: Platforms for easy and cost-effective fabrication of bio-microarrays are disclosed. In one embodiment, the platform contains a substrate having a surface coated with a film of alternating polycationic and polyanionic polymers. In another embodiment, the platform contains a substrate having a surface coated with a polyelectrolyte-silica sol-gel film. Also disclosed are bio-microarrays fabricated using the above platforms and methods of making the platforms and the microarrays.

Abstract: Platforms for easy and cost-effective fabrication of bio-microarrays are disclosed. In one embodiment, the platform contains a substrate having a surface coated with a film of alternating polycationic and polyanionic polymers. In another embodiment, the platform contains a substrate having a surface coated with a polyelectrolyte-silica composite film. Also disclosed are bio-microarrays fabricated using the above platforms and methods of making the platforms and the microarrays.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for determining the presence or absence of a microorganism in a sample. The method involves providing a nucleic acid microarray having one or more probes that represent at least a substantial portion of the whole genomic DNA or RNA of the microorganism, hybridizing a labeled DNA or RNA preparation derived from the sample to the microarray, washing the microarray, and observing the presence or absence of a hybridization signal at the position where the one or more probes are located to determine the presence or absence of the microorganism in the sample.