Abstract: In various examples, optical flow-based algorithms may be used to detect objects in an environment by computing displacement fields for images captured using asynchronous cameras. As an example, an asynchronous set of cameras (e.g., two or more cameras) may capture a series of asynchronous images of an environment. Additionally, in some examples, the cameras may be positioned at different locations and capture different fields of view of the environment. Based at least on the differing image capture times and/or the differing fields of view of the images, image pixels corresponding to the same, physical locations in the environment may move locations between images of the series of images. The disclosed systems and methods may use optical flow algorithms to compute scores associated with the displacement/movement of the pixels throughout the series of images, as well as use these scores to detect objects in the environment.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to correction of LiDAR measurement bias. In some embodiments, a LiDAR measurement bias such as a range-dependent height offset and/or a reflectivity-dependent height offset may be estimated in an offline process, the estimated biases may be stored in any suitable way (e.g., in one or more look up tables, indexed by range and/or reflectivity), and LiDAR points measured during an online process may be compensated by looking up and subtracting a range-dependent height bias corresponding to the measured range, and/or by looking up and subtracting a reflectivity-dependent height bias corresponding to the measured reflectivity.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to ground surface estimation using localized surface fitting. A three-dimensional (3D) surface structure (e.g., a road surface profile) may be estimated using a nonlinear optimization to fit height values to (e.g., accumulated, bias-corrected) LiDAR detections (e.g., sampled in localized regions along one or more predicted trajectories). For example, LiDAR data (e.g., detected 3D point clouds) may be ego-motion compensated, corrected for measurement bias, accumulated, and sampled along one or more predicted trajectories, and the height of each trajectory point may be fitted to the heights of the corresponding sampled points using a nonlinear optimization. As such, the resulting road surface profile (e.g., modeled along the wheel track(s)) may be provided to an adaptive suspension control system to modulate the damping characteristic of the suspension system to counteract indentations (e.g., potholes) or protrusions (e.g.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to surface estimation using stereo imaging and surface disparities. For example, a three-dimensional (3D) surface structure may be modeled as a disparity field, and a surface disparity field representing a surface in the environment (e.g., the ground) may be generated using a constrained nonlinear hierarchical optimization to process stereo image data and iteratively refine estimated surface disparity values based on weights that guide the optimization to expected surface values (e.g., ground, road). The resulting surface (e.g., ground) disparity field may be used for a variety of downstream tasks, such as obstacle detection, segmentation of a navigable space, ego-motion refinement, and/or generation of an estimated surface profile.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to surface estimation using stereo imaging and surface disparities. For example, a surface disparity field representing a surface in the environment (e.g., the ground) may be estimated from stereo image data and used for various downstream tasks. For example, the difference between a stereo disparity field and a ground disparity field may be used to detect objects, a representation of a navigable space may be generated by radially casting 2D rays in the ground disparity field, the ground disparity field may be used to compensate ego-motion for high dynamic attitude changes, and/or the ground disparity field may be lifted to 3D and used to fit a surface profile to points sampled from the lifted point cloud.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to hazard detection in autonomous and semi-autonomous systems and applications. A transformer may use sampled image and LiDAR features to extract and decode a representation of whether there is a hazard at the 3D location corresponding to each initial transformer query, the shape of the hazard, and/or its class. These detections may be provided to one or more control components of an autonomous vehicle, which may use the detections to navigate, plan, or otherwise perform one or more operations (e.g., obstacle avoidance, lane keeping, lane changing, merging, splitting, etc.). Some embodiments employ an automated approach to derive ground truth data from sensor data collected by data collection vehicle(s), such as data representing detected static scene points, navigable space boundaries, or detected hazard objects. Accordingly, hazards such as road debris and other obstacles may be detected and ground truth data may be generated for a variety of sensing tasks.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to hazard detection in autonomous and semi-autonomous systems and applications. A transformer may use sampled image and LiDAR features to extract and decode a representation of one or more features of each point (e.g., refined height, range, driving condition, etc.) on a sampled surface (e.g., the road). These detections may be provided to one or more control components of an autonomous vehicle, which may use the detections to navigate, plan, or otherwise perform one or more operations. Some embodiments employ an automated approach to derive ground truth data from sensor data collected by data collection vehicle(s), such as data representing detected ground surface models, detected surface features, detected weather and/or surface condition labels, and/or detected per-point artifact labels. Accordingly, surface features such as ground surface heights along a predicted trajectory may be detected and ground truth data may be generated for a variety of sensing tasks.

Abstract: A compression article and method for its production on a knitting machine, in particular a flat-bed knitting machine, wherein, in the compression article, respectively the number of stitches per stitch row is matched to the radial circumference of the body part to be treated by the compression article, and which compression article has a plurality of points which are distributed over its circumference and at which, in a stitch row, a stitch increase and/or a stitch reduction is realized, and wherein, moreover, the number of stitches in the wale direction varies over the circumference of the compression article and is matched, in the longitudinal direction of the body part, to the shape of the body part to be treated.

Abstract: An orthosis having a strap arrangement which is designed to engage on an arm section at the elbow or adjacent to the elbow of the arm extending from the first shoulder joint, which is to be immobilized, in order to fix the elbow frontally on the body of the patient. The strap arrangement has a first strap section which is provided for at least partially looping around the arm section. The strap arrangement has a second strap section which is provided for at least partially looping around the arm section, and is incorporated into the strap arrangement such that, in the fitted state of the orthosis, the second strap section exerts on the arm section a second force which has at least a second component running parallel to the sagittal plane of the patient and horizontally.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pneumatic nailer having a working piston and a common actuation that is configured to trigger a drive-in process which has a control volume and which is designed to automatically undertake a safety measure when a pressure threshold in the control volume is exceeded or not met. The control volume is ventilated or vented via a throttle such that a delay time, after the expiration of which the pressure threshold is exceeded or not met, is specified by a volume of the control volume and an opening cross-section of the throttle. The control volume has a volume in the range from 0.5 ml to 20 ml and the throttle is a bore having a diameter in the range from 30 ?m to 200 ?m.

Abstract: A compression article and method for its production on a knitting machine, in particular a flat-bed knitting machine, wherein, in the compression article, respectively the number of stitches per stitch row is matched to the radial circumference of the body part to be treated by the compression article, and which compression article has a plurality of points which are distributed over its circumference and at which, in a stitch row, a stitch increase and/or a stitch reduction is realized, and wherein, moreover, the number of stitches in the wale direction varies over the circumference of the compression article and is matched, in the longitudinal direction of the body part, to the shape of the body part to be treated.

Abstract: A compression article and method for its production on a flat-bed knitting machine are provided for providing an improved fit to a body part. In the compression article, respectively the number of stitches per stitch row is matched to the radial circumference of the body part to be treated by the compression article. The compression article has a plurality of points which are distributed over its circumference and at which, in a stitch row, at least one of a stitch increase and a stitch reduction is realized. The number of stitches in the wale direction varies over the circumference of the compression article and is matched, in the longitudinal direction of the body part, to the shape of the body part to be treated.

Abstract: In various examples, a surface may be estimated using depth data for autonomous systems and applications. One or more software components or modules may use the depth data (e.g., 3D LiDAR point cloud data) in addition to ego-motion data (e.g., data representative of location, heading, speed, and/or pose of the ego-machine) to generate a non-parametric model of the ground or driving surface. In some embodiments, an iterative process may be used to generate and iteratively refine estimated surface values by minimizing (or approximating minimization of) a cost function that penalizes deviation between measured values and estimated values and/or deviations among adjacent measured values. The systems and applications described herein may include robust real-time or near real-time ground surface estimation relying on generated data, and may further include a large-scale offline ground surface estimation approach that is non-causal and uses (e.g., all) available data at once.

Abstract: A compressed air nailer comprises a driving tappet connected to a compressed air supply and configured to drive in a fastener. A triggering apparatus is configured to trigger a driving process and a working piston is coupled to a driving tappet. A safety actuator is configured to be displaced between a locked position and an open position, wherein when in the locked position, the safety actuator is configured to inhibit the triggering of the driving process when an actuation of the triggering apparatus occurs. The compressed air nailer further comprises a throttle and a safety control chamber configured to be aerated and deaerated by the throttle. A counterforce generator is configured to generate a counterforce that acts on the safety actuator and is directed in an opposite direction from the actuating force. The counterforce is linearly dependent on an operating pressure of the compressed air nailer.

Abstract: A compressed air nailer comprises a working piston connected to a driving tappet configured to drive a fastener. A trigger and a placing sensor are configured to be actuated to aerate or deaerate a main control line to enable triggering of the driving process. A control valve assembly is configured to define a locked position and an open position by controlling a first pressure in a first control space and a second pressure in a second control space. The first control space is connected to the trigger valve and actuation of the trigger valve is configured to bring the safety valve assembly into the locked position. When the safety valve assembly is in the open position, an actuation of the placing sensor valve is configured to bring the safety valve assembly into the open position when the trigger valve is actuated.

Abstract: A compressed air nailer comprises a control line configured to trigger a driving process when a valve pin is displaced relative to a valve sleeve into an actuated position. The valve sleeve is configured to move between a triggering position and a locked position. A switching surface is coupled to at least one of a trigger and a placing sensor and configured to actuate the valve pin. An outer sleeve is configured to guide the valve sleeve. The switching surface is positioned at a switching surface position relative to the outer sleeve when both the trigger and the placing sensor are actuated. The switching surface is configured to displace the valve pin into the actuated position when the valve sleeve is positioned in the triggering position. The switching surface does not displace the valve pin into the actuated position when the valve sleeve is positioned in the locked position.

Abstract: A compressed air nailer comprises a control line configured to trigger a driving process when a valve pin is displaced relative to a valve sleeve into an actuated position. The valve sleeve is configured to move between a triggering position and a locked position. A switching surface is coupled to at least one of a trigger and a placing sensor and configured to actuate the valve pin. An outer sleeve is configured to guide the valve sleeve. The switching surface is positioned at a switching surface position relative to the outer sleeve when both the trigger and the placing sensor are actuated. The switching surface is configured to displace the valve pin into the actuated position when the valve sleeve is positioned in the triggering position. The switching surface does not displace the valve pin into the actuated position when the valve sleeve is positioned in the locked position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pneumatic nailer having a working piston, which is connected to a driving ram for driving a fastener and to which compressed air is applied when triggering a driving process, a trigger and a contact sensor, the common actuation of which can trigger a driving process, a safety device, which has a control volume and which is designed to automatically undertake a safety measure when a pressure threshold in the control volume is exceeded or not met. The control volume is ventilated or vented via a throttle such that a delay time, after the expiration of which the pressure threshold is exceeded or not met. is specified by a volume of the control volume and an opening cross-section of the throttle. The control volume has a volume in the range from 0.5 ml to 20 ml and the throttle is a bore having a diameter in the range from 30 ?m to 200 ?m.

Abstract: A system that facilitates collecting data is described herein. The system includes a digital camera that is configured to capture images in a visible light spectrum and a near-infrared camera that is configured to capture near infrared images, wherein a field of view of the digital camera and the field of view of the near-infrared camera are substantially similar. The system further includes a trigger component that is configured to cause the digital camera and the near-infrared camera to capture images at a substantially similar point in time, and also includes a mounting mechanism that facilitates mounting the digital camera and the near-infrared camera to an automobile.

Abstract: A pneumatic nailer is provided comprising a working piston which is connected to a driving plunger for driving in a fastening means and which is subject to compressed air when a driving-in process is triggered, The nailer also includes a triggering device for initiating a driving-in process, a safety device configured to switch the nailer from a trigger-ready state to a locked state a control valve to control the pressure inside of the control chamber which includes a control valve member which is moveable along an adjustment path and a damper coupled to the control valve member.