Abstract: A hydronic heating system having a source of hot supply water and a reservoir of cooler return water, a main hot supply water circulation path (loop) from the supply water line to the return water line including a pump maintaining continuous flow of hot supply water through the main loop, a satellite injection water connection and a satellite return water connection along the main loop, a satellite distribution station including a satellite heating loop, a satellite supply header and satellite return header at opposite ends of the satellite heating loop and a satellite station pump having an input and an output for pumping satellite water from the satellite return header to the satellite supply header, whereby the satellite water flows through the satellite heating loop, a satellite injection water line from the satellite injection connection to the satellite pump input and a satellite return water line from the satellite pump output to the return connection along the main loop, whereby heat from the main loo

Abstract: A hydronic heating system having a source of hot supply water and a reservoir of cooler return water, a supply water line from the source, a return water line to the reservoir and a multitude of heating loops through which water flows to deliver heat, including: a main distribution station having a supply header, main heating loops, and a return header with a pump compelling circulation within the main station so that heat from the source flows to the main heating loops; and one or more satellite distribution stations, each with a supply header feeding water to satellite heating loops, and a satellite return header and pump compelling circulation within the satellite station; and a satellite injection water line and return water line for circulating some hot water from the main station to each satellite station so that heat from said main station flows to each satellite station.

Abstract: A hydronic heating system having a boiler system supplying relatively hot supply water in a boiler supply line to a heating body or to a heat exchanger that feeds hot water to such a body and a boiler return water line feeding relatively cool boiler system water to the boiler for heating in the boiler has a three-way modulated valve in the boiler system for feeding some of the boiler supply water to the return water line to raise the temperature of the relatively cool boiler system water fed to the boiler for heating in the boiler so that it does not "cold shock" the boiler, includes a control system for the valve that varies the flow of supply water fed to return water line return water raised temperature detector providing feedback control to the valve so that: the flow of supply water to the return water line is increased when the return water raised temperature decreases and so avoid "cold shock" of the boiler; and the flow of heat to the heating body is reduced to avoid "hot shock" to the heating body.

Abstract: A hydronic heating system that has a boiler supplying hot supply water, a reservoir of cooler return water, a supply water line, a return water line and one or more heating loops through which water flows from the supply line to the return line, the heating loop including a heating element that is a length of tubing that conducts water from the supply to the return and is mounted in a wall or a floor of an area heated by said system by RFH or RWH has: a thermally conductive plate mounted in the area floor or wall, adjacent a surface thereof and a space defined at least in part by said plate, in which the length of tubing is held and a compliant filler material fills the space between the tubing and the plate, so that the tubing is held in the space in intimate thermal contact with the plate, so that the plate is heated by conduction of heat from the tubing and the plate has a radiating surface that radiates heat to the area.

Abstract: A hydronic heating system having a source of hot supply water and a reservoir of cooler return water, a supply water line from the source, a return water line to the reservoir and at least one heating loop through which water flows from the supply line to the return line, a three-way valve for feeding return water from the return water line to the supply water line to reduce the temperature of water flow to said heating loop and a valve feedback controller for varying the temperature of water flow to the heating loop, has an input to the valve controller representative of outdoor temperature, so that the temperature of water flow to the heating loop is increased or reduced when outdoor temperature falls or rises, respectively.

Abstract: A hydronic heating system that has a boiler supplying hot supply water, a reservoir of cooler return water, a supply water line, a return water line and one or more heating loops through which water flows from the supply line to the return line, the heating loop including a heating element that is a length of tubing that conducts water from the supply to the return and is mounted in a wall or a floor of an area heated by said system by RFH or RWH has: a thermally conductive plate mounted in the area floor or wall, adjacent a surface thereof and board-like members for holding the plate and the length of tubing in intimate thermal contact with the plate, so that the plate is heated by conduction of heat from the tubing and the plate has a radiating surface that radiates heat to the area.

Abstract: In a three-way, variable position, automatically controlled diverting valve that is provided in the return line to the boiler of a hydronic heating system between the heating loop return and the boiler return, the valve having its input from the heating loop return, its through output to the boiler return and its diverted output to the heating loop supply, so that the valve diverts some of the cooler return water to the boiler hot supply water, diluting the supply water to reduce the temperature of supply water that feeds the heating loop, a method and means of adapting the diverting valve so that the valve cannot be positioned so that the diverted water flow therefrom is closed, including a stop plug inserted into a housing of the valve that reduces the range of said variable positioning.

Abstract: A three-way modulated diverting valve is provided in the return line to the boiler of a hydronic heating system between the heating loop return and the boiler return, the valve having its input from the heating loop return, one output to the boiler return and the second output to the heating loop supply, so that the valve diverts some of the cooler return water to the boiler hot supply water, diluting the supply water to reduce the temperature of supply water that feeds the heating loop; and the valve is modulated by a feedback signal representative of the temperature of the diluted supply water. In a preferred embodiment, the feedback modulation is accomplished using a non-electric thermostatic actuator head that drives the valve stem and is controlled by a capillary temperature sensor, the sensor bulb being immersed in the diluted supply water or clamped to the supply line next to the heating loop supply so that it is at the temperature of the diluted supply water.