Abstract: A method for operating clocked and regulated electronic power converters may be contained in operating devices for light-emitting diodes. An associated regulating circuit may include at least one regulating amplifier having at least two regulating inputs, from the output of which a negative feedback network runs to one of its regulating inputs, a first input for the signal for a target value of the average of the output power to be regulated, and a second input which forwards a signal for the target value of a waveform or of a pulse pattern for the output power to be regulated to one of the regulating inputs via a DC current-blocking high-pass filter.

Abstract: A method for operating clocked and regulated electronic power converters may be contained in operating devices for light-emitting diodes. An associated regulating circuit may include at least one regulating amplifier having at least two regulating inputs, from the output of which a negative feedback network runs to one of its regulating inputs, a first input for the signal for a target value of the average of the output power to be regulated, and a second input which forwards a signal for the target value of a waveform or of a pulse pattern for the output power to be regulated to one of the regulating inputs via a DC current-blocking high-pass filter.

Abstract: A current measuring device for switched-mode electronic power converters includes two independent sensors connected in series for the current to be measured, one of said sensors providing an admittance and the other providing a conductance. The current measuring device further includes a parallel current measuring resistor and an average value capacitor which are connected in parallel contribute to the provided admittance. The conductance is provided by a serial current measuring resistor as one of the sensors. The current to be measured has both DC and AC current components. The current measuring device further includes a filter is transferred back into the power path or merged with the current measuring sensors.

Abstract: An assembly and a method is provided where the LED module includes a plurality of module units interconnected between common connection lines in a sequential order with increasing distances towards a connection terminal of the LED module. The circuit assembly includes an output terminal having a first output terminal portion and a second output terminal portion, a main power supply for supplying an operation voltage potential to a first output terminal portion, a control device for generating a pulse width modulation signal, and an electronic switch coupled to the control device and configured to obtain the pulse width modulation signal and arranged to connect and disconnect a second output terminal portion to/from a reference potential in accordance with the pulse width modulation signal, such as to supply a pulse width modulated voltage to the output terminal. A pulse shaping unit is coupled to the control device.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for operating a load includes a primary-side switched-mode converter with galvanic isolation of input and output voltage, having: a primary circuit, a secondary circuit and a power transformer, wherein: a first inductor and a second inductor, the first inductor being arranged in the secondary circuit in order to pass the current generated by the transformer when the energy is transferred to the secondary circuit, and the second inductor being interconnected in a measuring circuit. The second inductor is spatially arranged in a stray magnetic field generated by the first inductor; the measuring circuit has an output at which a measuring voltage is output, and the control device is connected to the output of the measuring circuit in order to determine a corresponding current flow from the output measuring voltage, and is configured to control the clocked operation of the switch depending on the current flow determined.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for operating a load includes a primary-side switched-mode converter with galvanic isolation of input and output voltage, having: a primary circuit, a secondary circuit and a power transformer, wherein: a first inductor and a second inductor, the first inductor being arranged in the secondary circuit in order to pass the current generated by the transformer when the energy is transferred to the secondary circuit, and the second inductor being interconnected in a measuring circuit. The second inductor is spatially arranged in a stray magnetic field generated by the first inductor; the measuring circuit has an output at which a measuring voltage is output, and the control device is connected to the output of the measuring circuit in order to determine a corresponding current flow from the output measuring voltage, and is configured to control the clocked operation of the switch depending on the current flow determined.

Abstract: An assembly and a method is provided where the LED module includes a plurality of module units interconnected between common connection lines in a sequential order with increasing distances towards a connection terminal of the LED module. The circuit assembly includes an output terminal having a first output terminal portion and a second output terminal portion, a main power supply for supplying an operation voltage potential to a first output terminal portion, a control device for generating a pulse width modulation signal, and an electronic switch coupled to the control device and configured to obtain the pulse width modulation signal and arranged to connect and disconnect a second output terminal portion to/from a reference potential in accordance with the pulse width modulation signal, such as to supply a pulse width modulated voltage to the output terminal. A pulse shaping unit is coupled to the control device.

Abstract: An overvoltage protection apparatus may include a first connection for coupling to an N line, and at least one voltage-limiting element which is designed to block the current through the voltage-limiting element up to a predefinable threshold value of the voltage dropped across the voltage-limiting element and to conduct the current above this threshold value. The overvoltage protection apparatus may further include a second connection for coupling to a metal housing of an electrical apparatus, at least one capacitor, and at least one first non-reactive resistor. The at least one capacitor, the at least one first non-reactive resistor and the at least one voltage-limiting element are connected in series between the first connection and the second connection.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for operating light sources includes input terminals for a power supply system voltage, a first rectifying circuit, a boost converter having output terminals, a half-bridge arrangement having two switches, which is connected to the output terminals of the boost converter, an inductance, the first terminal of which is coupled to the centre point of the half-bridge, and a second rectifying circuit, the first input terminal of which is coupled to the second terminal of the inductance and the second input of which is coupled to one of the output terminals of the boost converter. The output terminals of the second rectifying circuit are coupled to the inputs of a current-compensated inductor. At least one light source is connected to the output terminals of the current-compensated inductor, and the output terminals of the current-compensated inductor are coupled to an output terminal of the boost converter via filter capacitors.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement includes a converter having a converter switch and a driver for the converter switch. The driver includes an interface coupling to a dimming apparatus supplying a dimming value. The driver provides an RF signal with a duty ratio at the output of the driver. The driver modifies the RF signal by superposition of a PWM signal such that, in correlation with the supplied dimming value, a predefinable number of periods of the RF signal is chopped from the RF signal. The driver is configured to reduce the duty ratio of the RF signal during at least one predefinable period of the RF signal in order to adjust levels of dimming which correspond to dimming values which are between a first and a second dimming value which differ from one another by at least one period of the RF signal.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for operating light sources includes input terminals for a power supply system voltage, a first rectifying circuit, a boost converter having output terminals, a half-bridge arrangement having two switches, which is connected to the output terminals of the boost converter, an inductance, the first terminal of which is coupled to the centre point of the half-bridge, and a second rectifying circuit, the first input terminal of which is coupled to the second terminal of the inductance and the second input of which is coupled to one of the output terminals of the boost converter. The output terminals of the second rectifying circuit are coupled to the inputs of a current-compensated inductor. At least one light source is connected to the output terminals of the current-compensated inductor, and the output terminals of the current-compensated inductor are coupled to an output terminal of the boost converter via filter capacitors.

Abstract: An overvoltage protection apparatus may include a first connection for coupling to an N line, and at least one voltage-limiting element which is designed to block the current through the voltage-limiting element up to a predefinable threshold value of the voltage dropped across the voltage-limiting element and to conduct the current above this threshold value. The overvoltage protection apparatus may further include a second connection for coupling to a metal housing of an electrical apparatus, at least one capacitor, and at least one first non-reactive resistor. The at least one capacitor, the at least one first non-reactive resistor and the at least one voltage-limiting element are connected in series between the first connection and the second connection.

Abstract: A method for minimizing the insulation stress of a high-pressure discharge lamp system, with an operating device, which generates a high voltage for starting the high-pressure discharge lamp, wherein a starting voltage time sum applied during lamp starting is minimized, the starting voltage time sum is the sum of all time segments Zi during which the magnitude of the starting voltage exceeds a starting voltage limit, and the starting voltage limit is defined as the factor range of a maximum value, in terms of magnitude, of the applied high voltages.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement includes a converter having a converter switch and a driver for the converter switch. The driver includes an interface coupling to a dimming apparatus supplying a dimming value. The driver provides an RF signal with a duty ratio at the output of the driver. The driver modifies the RF signal by superposition of a PWM signal such that, in correlation with the supplied dimming value, a predefinable number of periods of the RF signal is chopped from the RF signal. The driver is configured to reduce the duty ratio of the RF signal during at least one predefinable period of the RF signal in order to adjust levels of dimming which correspond to dimming values which are between a first and a second dimming value which differ from one another by at least one period of the RF signal.

Abstract: A lamp holder (61) for a gas discharge lamp (5), having at least two receptacles (B1, B2) for at least two pins (P1, P2) of a gas discharge lamp (5), wherein at least one shielding conductor (S1a, S1b, S2a, S2b) is disposed in the vicinity of each receptacle (B1, B2).

Abstract: A method for starting a high-pressure discharge lamp by means of a starter, having a starting capacitor, a starting switch and a starting transformer, wherein the method comprises the following temporally successive steps: charging the starting capacitor to a predetermined voltage; closing the starting switch; and opening the starting switch before the current through the starting switch reaches zero for the first time in terms of its fundamental component.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp below its nominal power is provided, wherein the high-pressure discharge lamp is operated at nominal power with an alternating current having a predetermined operating frequency, and the lamp voltage is measured during a half-cycle at least at the start of a half-cycle and at the end of a half-cycle. The method may include: reducing the present operating frequency below an upper limit; and changing the current shape of the alternating current to a monopitch roof-shaped current shape, which is dependent on the difference in the lamp voltages at the end and at the start of the half-cycle.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement may include: a half-bridge arrangement with a half-bridge center point, connected to an intermediate circuit voltage with a reference potential and a feed voltage potential; a lamp inductor connected at one end to the half-bridge center point; a starting stage connected to the other end of the lamp inductor and to the intermediate circuit voltage; a first switch connected between the reference potential and the starting stage; a series circuit of a first and a second capacitor connected to the intermediate circuit voltage; terminals for connecting a high-pressure discharge lamp, a first terminal being connected to the starting stage and a second terminal being connected to a node between the first and second capacitors; a two-port network, a first port of said two-port network connected to the starting stage and a second port of said two-port network connected to the node between the first and second capacitors.

Abstract: A method for programming an electronic operating device is provided. The method may include programming the operating device via a slow on/off switching pattern of its supply voltage, the operating device being configured to automatically dim the connected light or lights on a time-control basis after programming, and choosing the time base of the on/off switching pattern used for programming such that a person can carry out the programming using a clock and an on/off switch for the supply voltage.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for supplying a lamp wattage on a high-pressure gas discharge lamp in the form of an alternating current having an operating frequency, said operating frequency being frequency-modulated within large limits such that no acoustic resonances are embodied in the lamp. Amplitude modulation through the frequency response of an interface is compensated by modulating an amplitude of a supply voltage.