Abstract: A method for making a solid material which is useful as a heterogeneous catalyst including the steps of: forming at least one copper oxide suspension comprising solid particles of copper oxide in a liquid; forming at least one carrier suspension comprising solid particles of a carrier material in a liquid; combining the copper oxide suspension and the carrier suspension; subjecting the combined suspensions to mechanical energy; separating the suspension liquid from the solid particles in the combined suspension; and subjecting the solid material to a thermal decomposition step. A catalyst made by the method has a BET surface area greater than 150 m2/g, a particle size distribution in which D50 is in the range from 25-35 ?m, and wherein the D50 after 60 minutes ultrasound treatment is at least 30% of the original value.

Abstract: Shaped bodies with good strength properties are prepared from pyrogenic metal oxide(s) by suspending the metal oxide(s) in a liquid, milling to activate the metal oxide particles, forming an activated homogenous suspension, coagulating the suspension, and forming shaped bodies therefrom.

Abstract: A method for making a solid material which is useful as a heterogeneous catalyst including the steps of: forming at least one copper oxide suspension comprising solid particles of copper oxide in a liquid; forming at least one carrier suspension comprising solid particles of a carrier material in a liquid; combining the copper oxide suspension and the carrier suspension; subjecting the combined suspensions to mechanical energy; separating the suspension liquid from the solid particles in the combined suspension; and subjecting the solid material to a thermal decomposition step. A catalyst made by the method has a BET surface area greater than 150 m2/g, a particle size distribution in which D50 is in the range from 25-35 ?m, and wherein the D50 after 60 minutes ultrasound treatment is at least 30% of the original value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tool with a housing (3) and a handle (2), a working part (5) which is connected to the housing (3) and serves for opening or closing a screw connection and a coupling which has an adjustment (12) and uncouples the working part (5) from the housing (3) when a working value that can be set by way of the adjustment (12) is reached and/or signals the reaching of the working value that can be set by way of the adjustment. Such a tool in which a correct adjustment of the torque value or tightening torque is retained with a high degree of certainty over a relatively long period of time is created by the adjustment having an adjusting screw with a tensioning system.

Abstract: Shaped bodies with good strength properties are prepared from pyrogenic metal oxide(s) by suspending the metal oxide(s) in a liquid, milling to activate the metal oxide particles, forming an activated homogenous suspension, coagulating the suspension, and forming shaped bodies therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a humidifying device for a humidor, comprising a humidity reservoir (9) from which the humidity that is discharged from the same can be directed within the interior of the humidor by means of evaporation ports (8a -8d) of the humidifying device (1). Said humidifying device (1) further comprises a fan (7), with the aid of which an air flow can be generated that allows the humidity to be conveyed into the interior of the humidor. A housing (2) of the humidifying device (1) is provided with a suction port (6) for the fan (7).

Abstract: A device for the ablation of biological substances by laser radiation, especially for stomatologic treatment, comprises a pump laser and a laser converter for converting the pump laser radiation into a laser radiation having the wavelength range of 3 &mgr;m±0.2 &mgr;m, wherein the laser converter is accommodated in a treatment head which is separated from the pump laser by a fiber-optic device. There is provided in the laser converter a metal-holmium-fluoride crystal with an alkaline or alkaline-earth ion as metal ion with partial substitution of the holmium (Ho) ions, namely one of the following compounds: Me(Ho1-xPrx)F4 with a metal ion of lithium (Li) or sodium (Na), a fluorine ion, and with components of praseodymium of x=0.001 to 0.03, or Ba(Ho1-xPrx)2F8, where Ba is a barium ion, F is a fluorine ion, and with components of praseodymium of x=0.0005 to 0.015.

Abstract: A heterogeneous massive catalyst is disclosed which comprises: at least one catalytically active component in the form of solid particles and at least one catalytically inert component in the form of solid particles wherein the components are dispersed in one another, wherein the inert component has a mean particle diameter greater than the mean particle diameter of the catalytically active component, and wherein the particles of the catalytically active material are grown on the particles of the catalytically inert material as well as a process for preparing the catalyst.

Abstract: Apparatus for cutting profile strips of rubber mixture produced by extrusion and/or calendering and transported to the cutting apparatus by a conveyor which is intermittently stopped for making a cut has a motor driven rotating knife which is moved transversely of the profile strip by a roll-ring drive and is raised to a height above the profile strip for return movement of the knife. In one embodiment, the knife, its driving motor and the mechanism for moving the knife transversely of the profile strip are mounted on a seesaw which is pivoted on horizontal axis and is moved pivotally by a pneumatic servo-motor to raise and lower the knife. In other embodiments the knife and transverse movement mechanism are mounted on a movable carriage, which is raised and lowered by a pneumatic servo motor while the motor for driving the knife in rotation is mounted on the frame of the apparatus and connected to the shaft of the knife by a flexible or telescopic connecting shaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of colloidal, stabilized silica sol as an auxiliary for stabilizing and/or increasing the activity of catalysts which show a tendency towards activity-reducing sintering under high-temperature conditions.

Abstract: In the catalytic hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl esters, the fatty acid methyl esters are continuously reacted with hydrogen under pressures of from 20 to 100 bar and at temperatures of from 160.degree. to 270.degree. C. with molar ratios of hydrogen to fatty acid methyl ester substrate of from 10:1 to 500:1. The reaction is carried out over catalysts which contain from 30 to 40% by weight copper, from 23 to 30% by weight chromium, from 1 to 10% by weight manganese, from 1 to 10% by weight silicon and from 1 to 7% by weight barium (% by weight, based in each case on oxidic catalyst mass) and, if desired, other transition metals in the form of their oxides. After calcination of the components, the catalyst is converted into shaped particulate and/or granulated elements with from 1 to 10% by weight, based on oxidic catalyst, of at least one binder in addition to 1 to 10% by weight graphite. The catalyst is activated with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: In the catalytic hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl ester mixtures, the mixtures are continuously reacted with hydrogen under pressures of from 100 to 300 bar and at temperatures of from 160.degree. to 270.degree. C. with molar ratios or hydrogen to fatty acid methyl ester mixture of from 10:1 to 500:1. The reaction is carried out over catalysts which contain from 30 to 40% by weight copper, from 23 to 30% by weight chromium, from 1 to 10% by weight manganese, from 1 to 10% by weight silicon and from 1 to 7% by weight barium (% by weight, based in each case on total weight of the oxidic catalyst) and, if desired, other transition metals in the form of their oxides. After calcination of the components, the catalyst is converted into shaped particulate and/or granulated elements with from 1 to 10% by weight, based on oxidic catalyst, of at least one binder in addition to 1 to 10% by weight graphite. The catalyst is activated with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: In the direct catalytic hydrogenation of glyceride oils, the glyceride oils are continuously reacted with hydrogen under pressures of from 20 to 300 bar and at temperatures of from 160.degree. to 250.degree. C. with molar ratios of hydrogen to fatty acid residues in the glyceride oil substrate of from 10:1 to 500:1, the reaction being carried out over catalysts which contain from 30 to 40% by weight copper, from 23 to 30% by weight chromium, from 1 to 7% by weight barium (% by weight, based in each case on oxidic catalyst mass) and, if desired, other transition metals in the form of their oxides and which, after calcination of the components forming the catalyst mass, are converted into shaped particulate and/or granulated elements with from 1 to 10% by weight, based on oxidic catalyst, of at least one binder, and which have been activated with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic hydrogenation of butterfat where non-deacidified butterfat is continuously reacted with hydrogen under pressures of from 20 to 300 bar and at temperatures of from 180.degree. to 250.degree. C. with molar ratios of hydrogen to fatty acid residue in the butterfat of from 10:1 to 500:1. The reaction is carried out over catalysts which contain from 30 to 40% by weight copper, from 23 to 30% by weight chromium, from 1 to 10% by weight manganese, from 1 to 10% by weight silicon, and from 1 to 7% by weight barium. The percentages by weight in each case are based on the total oxidic mass of the catalyst. Other transition metals, especially zirconium and cerium, are additionally incorporated into the catalyst. The metals in the catalyst are converted to their oxides by calcination. The catalyst is converted into shaped particulate or granulated elements with from 1 to 10% by weight of at least one binder in addition to 1 to 10% by weight graphite.

Abstract: Process for the production of a new copper (II) chromite spinel catalyst using colloidal silica gel and to its use for the direct fixed-bed hydrogenation of fatty acids to fatty alcohols of corresponding chain length.

Abstract: Process for the production of a new copper (II) chromite spinel catalyst using colloidal silica gel and to its use for the direct fixed-bed hydrogenation of fatty acids to fatty alcohols of corresponding chain length.

Abstract: A process for the stabilization of particulate, activated catalyst masses after the activation of the starting catalyst masses in a gas stream, wherein the particulate, activated catalyst masses are removed from the activation reactor in an inert gas atmosphere into a liquid alcohol or a mixture of two or more alcohols which are straight-chain or branched-chain alcohols containing from 6 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, stabilizing the catalyst masses by impregnation with the alcohol or the alcohol mixture, optionally storing and/or transporting the alcohol-impregnated catalyst masses, removing excess alcohol, sieving the alcohol-moist catalyst mass, and introducing the catalyst mass into a catalysis reactor to form a catalyst filling.

Abstract: Iron oxide-chromium oxide catalyst of increased mechanical strength (lateral crushing strength) for high-temperature water-gas shift reaction. The catalyst contains as an additional component magnesium oxide and/or magnesium spinels in the form of discrete particles.

Abstract: The invention is in concern of a method for measuring the electrophoretic mobility of particles in a liquid test sample in order to improve the precision of the electrophoretic measurement and to reduce in particular the operational expenditures in such a method.By use of considerably simple means a very precise time measurement of the mobility of particles is obtained free from any subjective influences with respect to the selection of the particles to be evaluated and to the time measurement. Accordingly, signals variable with respect to their frequency and visualized on the screen of a monitor are derived from out of video synchronization pulses, said signals are logically combined to the digitalized adjustable image scanning signals, improved in their signal-to-noise ratio.The output signals of this combination effect a counting operation dependent on the particle mobility.

Abstract: Electronic touch key assembly with a metal probe having touch or keying surfaces through which, when the surfaces are contacted, a capacitive reactive current flows, triggering a switching amplifier through which an electronic valve for controlling brightness of a lamp is opened, including a high resistance serially connected to the touch or keying surfaces, the surfaces being formed of metal and being insulated from one another, a filter and a rectifier connected to the high resistance, the high resistance serving through the filter and the rectifier as a voltage source, a first and a second bistable multivibrator, the voltage source having an output connected to the second bistable multivibrator, the first bistable multivibrator being connected to the second bistable multivibrator and serving as a switching amplifier which, at a defined voltage threshold of the line voltage, sets the second bistable multivibrator into an opposite output state, a PNP transistor having a base, the second bistable multivibrato