Abstract: The present invention relates to a particularly economic overall method for producing menthol, specifically for producing optically active, essentially enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure L-menthol and racemic menthol, starting from the starting material citral which is available inexpensively on an industrial scale. The method has the following steps a.1) catalytic hydrogenation of neral and/or geranial to give citronellal, b.1) cyclization of citronellal to isopulegol in the presence of an acidic catalyst, c.1) purification of isopulegol by crystallization and d.1) catalytic hydrogenation of isopulegol to give menthol.

Abstract: Filtration system comprising at least one membrane, wherein at least one component or at least one part of a component of the filtration system has been obtained by a process comprising the following steps: A) treatment of a said component or part of a component with at least one organoborane-amine complex, B) treatment of a said component or part of a component with a composition comprising at least one radically polymerizable compound, C) optional treatment with a deblocking agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing aromatic carbonyl compounds of formula I and aromatic imine compounds of formula III comprising the step of reacting a (hetero)aromatic halogen or sulfonate compound II wherein the variables are as defined in the claims and description, with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a transition metal complex catalyst. The invention also relates to specific compounds III, to compositions comprising them and to their use for combating invertebrate pests.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of aromatic and heteroaromatic carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters and carboxamides by the reaction of aromatic or heteroaromatic halides R—Xn, in which n=integer from 1 to 6, R=substituted or unsubstituted and aromatic or heteroaromatic radical and X=chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, with carbon monoxide and water, ammonia, alcohols or amines in the presence of bases and zero-valent or divalent palladium compounds and bidentate diphosphanes or complexes of zero-valent or divalent palladium with bidentate diphosphanes, in which use is made of bidentate diphosphanes (R1—)(R2—)P—Y—P(—R3)(—R4) in which R1 to R4=unsubstituted aryl radicals or aryl radicals substituted with at least one radical exhibiting a positive resonance effect or a positive inductive effect, or unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl radicals, and Y=hydrocarbon group with a total of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, in which at least one of the carbon atoms carries only one or no hydrogen atom as substituent; except fo

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the modification of a polymer surface. The polymer surface is treated with (i) an organoborane-amine complex and subsequently with (ii) a radically polymerizable monomer compound and optionally a deblocking agent.

Abstract: A process for preparing substituted biphenyls of the formula I where R1=nitro or amino, R2=cyano, halogen, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-haloalkoxy or C1-C4-haloalkylthio, n=from 0 to 3, and R3=hydrogen, cyano or halogen, which comprises reacting a halobenzene of the formula II in which Hal is chlorine or bromine, in the presence of a base and of a palladium catalyst which consists of palladium and a bidentate phosphorus ligand of the formula III where Ar is phenyl which is substituted if desired and R4 and R5 are each C1-C8-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl or together form a 2- to 7-membered bridge which may, if desired, bear a C1-C6-alkyl substituent, in a solvent or diluent, with a phenylboronic acid IVa a diphenylborinic acid IVb or a mixture of IVa and IVb.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing aromatic carbonyl compounds of formula I and aromatic imine compounds of formula III comprising the step of reacting a (hetero)aromatic halogen or sulfonate compound II wherein the variables are as defined in the claims and description, with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a transition metal complex catalyst. The invention also relates to specific compounds III, to compositions comprising them and to their use for combating invertebrate pests.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particularly economic overall method for producing menthol, specifically for producing optically active, essentially enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure L-menthol and racemic menthol, starting from the starting material citral which is available inexpensively on an industrial scale. The method comprises the following steps a.1) catalytic hydrogenation of neral and/or geranial to give citronellal, b.1) cyclization of citronellal to isopulegol in the presence of an acidic catalyst, c.1) purification of isopulegol by crystallization and d.1) catalytic hydrogenation of isopulegol to give menthol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the borylation of organohalides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particularly economic overall method for producing menthol, specifically for producing optically active, essentially enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure L-menthol and racemic menthol, starting from the starting material citral which is available inexpensively on an industrial scale. The method comprises the following steps a) catalytic hydrogenation of neral and/or geranial to give citronellal, b) cyclization of citronellal to isopulegol in the presence of an acidic catalyst, c) purification of isopulegol by crystallization and d) catalytic hydrogenation of isopulegol to give menthol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing neral (cis-citral) in pure or enriched form by distillatively separating neral from substance mixtures comprising essentially neral and geranial (trans-citral). This distillative separation is performed in a dividing wall column or in a connection of two distillation columns in the form of a thermal coupling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing N-substituted (3-dihalomethylpyrazol-4-yl)carboxamides of the formula (I) in which R1 is optionally substituted phenyl or C3-C7-cycloalkyl, R1a is hydrogen or fluorine, or R1a together with R1 is optionally substituted C3-C5-alkanediyl or C5-C7-cycloalkanediyl, R2 is C1-C6-alkyl, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl or C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C2-alkyl, X is F or Cl and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; which comprises A) providing a compound of the formula (II) in which X is F or Cl, Y is Cl or Br and R2 has one of the meanings given above and B) reacting a compound of the formula (II) with carbon monoxide and a compound of the formula (III) in which R1, R1a and n have one of the meanings given above; in the presence of a palladium catalyst; to intermediates used for the preparation according to the process according to the invention, and also to processes for their preparation.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of aromatic and heteroaromatic carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters and carboxamides by the reaction of aromatic or heteroaromatic halides R—Xn, in which n=integer from 1 to 6, R=substituted or unsubstituted and aromatic or heteroaromatic radical and X=chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, with carbon monoxide and water, ammonia, alcohols or amines in the presence of bases and zero-valent or divalent palladium compounds and bidentate diphosphanes or complexes of zero-valent or divalent palladium with bidentate diphosphanes, in which use is made of bidentate diphosphanes (R1—)(R2—)P—Y—P(—R3)(—R4) in which R1 to R4=unsubstituted aryl radicals or aryl radicals substituted with at least one radical exhibiting a positive resonance effect or a positive inductive effect, or unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl radicals, and Y=hydrocarbon group with a total of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, in which at least one of the carbon atoms carries only one or no hydrogen atom as substituent; except f

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing optically active carbonyl compounds by asymmetrically hydrogenating ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compounds in the presence of optically active transition metal catalysts which are soluble in the reaction mixture and have at least one carbon monoxide ligand, the optically active catalyst which has at least one carbon monoxide ligand and is to be used in each case being prepared by pretreating a catalyst precursor with a gas mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen and the asymmetric hydrogenation being performed in the presence of carbon monoxide supplied additionally to the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A process for preparing substituted biphenyls of the formula I where R1=nitro or amino, R2=cyano, halogen, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-haloalkoxy or C1-C4-haloalkylthio, n=from 0 to 3, and R3=hydrogen, cyano or halogen, which comprises reacting a halobenzene of the formula II in which Hal is chlorine or bromine, in the presence of a base and of a palladium catalyst which consists of palladium and a bidentate phosphorus ligand of the formula III where Ar is phenyl which is substituted if desired and R4 and R5 are each C1-C8-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl or together form a 2- to 7-membered bridge which may, if desired, bear a C1-C6-alkyl substituent, in a solvent or diluent, with a phenylboronic acid IVa a diphenylborinic acid IVb or a mixture of IVa and IVb.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing aldehydes by reacting an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid or a salt thereof with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one complex of a metal of transition group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements with at least one compound of the formula (I), where Pn is pnicogen; W is a divalent bridging group having from 1 to 8 bridge atoms between the flanking bonds; R1 is a functional group capable of forming at least one intermolecular, noncovalent bond with the —X(?O)OH group of the compound of the formula (I); R2, R3 are each in each case optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl or together with the pnicogen atom and together with the groups Y2 and Y3 if present form an optionally fused and optionally substituted 5- to 8-membered heterocycle; a, b and c are each 0 or 1; and Y1,2,3 are each, independently of one another, O, S, NRa or SiRbRc, where Ra,b,c are each H or in each c

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particularly economic overall method for producing menthol, specifically for producing optically active, essentially enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure L-menthol and racemic menthol, starting from the starting material citral which is available inexpensively on an industrial scale. The method comprises the following steps a.1) catalytic hydrogenation of neral and/or geranial to give citronellal, b.1) cyclization of citronellal to isopulegol in the presence of an acidic catalyst, c.1) purification of isopulegol by crystallization and d.1) catalytic hydrogenation of isopulegol to give menthol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydroformylation of compounds of the formula (I), where X is C, P(Rx), P(O—Rx) S or S(?O), where Rx is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl; A is a divalent bridging group having from 1 to 4 bridging atoms; and R1 is H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl; or salts thereof; in which the compound of the formula (I) is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a complex of a metal of transition group VIII with a compound of the formula (II), where Pn is a pnicogen atom; W is a divalent bridging group having from 1 to 8 bridging atoms; R2 is a functional group capable of forming an intermolecular, noncovalent bond with the group —X(?O)OH; R3, R4 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl; a, b, c are each 0 or 1; and Y1, Y2 and Y3 are each O, S, NRa or SiRbRc; and also compounds of the formula (II.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing neral (cis-citral) in pure or enriched form by distillatively separating neral from substance mixtures comprising essentially neral and geranial (trans-citral). This distillative separation is performed in a dividing wall column or in a connection of two distillation columns in the form of a thermal coupling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing N-substituted (3-dihalomethylpyrazol-4-yl)carboxamides of the formula (I) in which R1 is optionally substituted phenyl or C3-C7-cycloalkyl, R1a is hydrogen or fluorine, or R1a together with R1 is optionally substituted C3-C5-alkanediyl or C5-C7-cycloalkanediyl, R2 is C1-C6-alkyl, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-alkynyl or C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C2-alkyl, X is F or Cl and n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; which comprises A) providing a compound of the formula (II) in which X is F or Cl, Y is Cl or Br and R2 has one of the meanings given above and B) reacting a compound of the formula (II) with carbon monoxide and a compound of the formula (III) in which R1, R1a and n have one of the meanings given above; in the presence of a palladium catalyst; to intermediates used for the preparation according to the process according to the invention, and also to processes for their preparation.