Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber, at least one duct connected with the reactor chamber for drawing off a flue gas having entrained solid particles from the reactor chamber, at least one cyclone separator that is connected with the duct for separating solid particles from the flue gas, at least one recirculation device for recirculating at least a portion of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the reactor chamber. The recirculation device comprises a siphon-trap gas seal including a riser having first and second outlet openings on the circumference proximate to the upper end, the first and second outlet openings pointing substantially in the direction of the reactor chamber. The recirculation device also comprises a device for fluidizing the portion of the separated solid particles and a device for connecting each opening of the gas seal riser with the reactor chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for the cleaning of flue gases containing ash and sulfur dioxide produced by burning sulfur-containing coal in the combustion chamber of a circulating fluidized-bed firing system includes a system for delivering a particulate SO2 sorbent into the combustion chamber. A feed system feeds a mixture of the ash, the SO2 sorbent/SO2 reaction product, and unreacted SO2 sorbent from the combustion chamber to a mixing unit. A liquid supply system supplies water or an aqueous sodium-containing solution to the mixing unit, whereby the unreacted SO2 sorbent is converted into a hydration product. A discharge system returns the ash, the reaction product, and the hydration product from the mixing unit into the combustion chamber, where the hydration product is reactivated into an SO2 sorbent at a combustion temperature of 700° to 950° C.

Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber, at least one duct connected with the reactor chamber for drawing off a flue gas having entrained solid particles from the reactor chamber, at least one cyclone separator that is connected with the duct for separating solid particles from the flue gas, at least one recirculation device for recirculating at least a portion of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the reactor chamber. The recirculation device comprises a siphon-trap gas seal including a riser having first and second outlet openings on the circumference proximate to the upper end, the first and second outlet openings pointing substantially in the direction of the reactor chamber. The recirculation device also comprises a device for fluidizing the portion of the separated solid particles and a device for connecting each opening of the gas seal riser with the reactor chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for the cleaning of flue gases containing ash and sulfur dioxide produced by burning sulfur-containing coal in the combustion chamber of a circulating fluidized-bed firing system includes a system for delivering a particulate SO2 sorbent into the combustion chamber. A feed system feeds a mixture of the ash, the SO2 sorbent/SO2 reaction product, and unreacted SO2 sorbent from the combustion chamber to a mixing unit. A liquid supply system supplies water or an aqueous sodium-containing solution to the mixing unit, whereby the unreacted SO2 sorbent is converted into a hydration product. A discharge system returns the ash, the reaction product, and the hydration product from the mixing unit into the combustion chamber, where the hydration product is reactivated into an SO2 sorbent at a combustion temperature of 700° to 950° C.

Abstract: Steam generator unit having a fluidized-bed combustion system, which has a fluidized-bed combustion chamber, at least one second gas pass, and at least one separator positioned between the fluidized-bed combustion chamber and second gas pass. The steam generator unit also having at least one superheater and two reheaters connected in series on the steam side. The first reheater is constructed with a regulated bypass mechanism on the steam side, so that a partial flow of the steam fed to the second reheater can be directed past the first reheater, such that the first reheater is positioned in the second gas pass and the second reheater is positioned in the fluidized-bed combustion chamber.

Abstract: A process for cleaning flue gases containing ash and sulfur dioxide produced by burning sulfur-containing coal in the combustion chamber of a circulating fluidized-bed firing system includes delivering a particulate SO2 sorbent into the combustion chamber. A mixture including portions of the ash, the reaction product produced in the reaction of the SO2 sorbent with the sulfur dioxide, and unreacted SO2 sorbent is fed from the combustion chamber to a mixing unit. In the mixing unit, water or an aqueous sodium-containing solution is mixed with this mixture and the unreacted SO2 sorbent is converted into a hydration product (for example Ca(OH)2) at a reaction temperature of 60° to 100° and at atmospheric pressure. The ash, the reaction product, and the hydration product is returned from the mixing unit into the combustion chamber, and the hydration product is reactivated to an SO2 sorbent at a combustion-chamber temperature of 700° to 950° C.

Abstract: A process for cleaning flue gases containing ash and sulfur dioxide produced by burning sulfur-containing coal in the combustion chamber of a circulating fluidized-bed firing system includes delivering a particulate SO2 sorbent into the combustion chamber. A mixture including portions of the ash, the reaction product produced in the reaction of the SO2 sorbent with the sulfur dioxide, and unreacted SO2 sorbent is fed from the combustion chamber to a mixing unit. In the mixing unit, water or an aqueous sodium-containing solution is mixed with this mixture and the unreacted SO2 sorbent is converted into a hydration product at a reaction temperature of 60° to 100° and at atmospheric pressure. The ash, the reaction product, and the hydration product is returned from the mixing unit into the combustion chamber, and the hydration product is reactivated to an SO2 sorbent at a combustion-chamber temperature of 700° to 950° C.

Abstract: Steam generator unit having a fluidized-bed combustion system, which has a fluidized-bed combustion chamber, at least one second gas pass, and at least one separator positioned between the fluidized-bed combustion chamber and second gas pass. The steam generator unit also having at least one superheater and two reheaters connected in series on the steam side. The first reheater is constructed with a regulated bypass mechanism on the steam side, so that a partial flow of the steam fed to the second reheater can be directed past the first reheater, such that the first reheater is positioned in the second gas pass and the second reheater is positioned in the fluidized-bed combustion chamber.