Abstract: There is described an illumination apparatus with an organic light-emitting device with a first light exit face and an organic light-emitting device with a second light exit face larger than the first light exit face. The inorganic light-emitting device and the organic light-emitting device are arranged so that a planar light output in which light of the inorganic light-emitting device and light of the organic light-emitting device superimpose each other results.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for machine-based processing of rapid polymeric reaction systems, particularly polyurethane systems, wherein a rapid formula change is possible with simultaneously low raw material consumption. The device according to the invention further requires little space, allowing for operation in a standing flue, for example.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electromechanical converter, in particular an electromechanical sensor, actuator and/or generator, which comprises a polymer element obtainable from a reaction mixture comprising a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate prepolymer and a compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydroxy groups. The present invention additionally relates to a process for the production of such an electromechanical converter and to the use of a polymer element according to the invention as an electromechanical element. The present invention relates further to an electronic and/or electrical device comprising an electromechanical converter according to the invention and to the use of an electromechanical converter according to the invention in an electronic and/or electrical device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing stretchable electrodes, where electrically conductive carbon particles, especially carbon nanotubes, are introduced into a coating comprising an elastomer. In said method, a preparation of non-aggregated carbon particles having an average particle diameter ranging from=0.3 nm to=3000 nm in a solvent acts upon a coating comprising an elastomer. The solvent can cause a coating comprising an elastomer to swell. The duration of the action is calculated so as to be insufficient to dissolve the elastomer. Optionally, another electrically conductive layer is applied. The invention also relates to a stretchable electrode obtained in said manner and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an electromechanical, for example piezoelectric, transducer, comprising the steps of: A) applying a monolayer of spacer elements (3) onto a first polymer layer (1), the spacer elements (3) having essentially the same height (h), B) applying a second polymer layer (2) onto the spacer elements (3) of the monolayer so that there is at least one cavity (4) between the first polymer layer (1) and the second polymer layer (2), and C) fixing the spacer elements (3) between the first (1) and second (2) polymer layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electro-switchable polymer film assembly having a first and a second surface side, comprising at least one pair of electrodes (3, 4) and a polymer matrix (2), wherein structuring particles (5) can be embedded in the polymer matrix and the polymer matrix or the structuring particles consist of an electro-active polymer, wherein furthermore, the first and/or the second surface sides can be transferred from a plane condition into a structured condition by electric switching of the electro-active polymer.

Abstract: The invention describes novel polymer-functionalized carbon nanotubes. These comprise a carbon nanotube, a first polymer that is adsorbed on the outer surface of a carbon nanotube and comprises amino groups, and a second polymer covalently bonded to the first polymer. The bond between the second polymer and the first polymer is formed by the reaction of amino groups from the first polymer with groups from the second polymer that are reactive with respect to amino groups. The invention further relates to a method for the production thereof, wherein carbon nanotubes are provided in an aqueous solution of a first polymer comprising amino groups and then a solution of a second polymer comprising groups that are reactive with respect to amino groups is added. The invention also relates to the use of the carbon nanotubes in dispersions, polymers and surface coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing an electromechanical, for example piezoelectric, transducer in which a first polymer layer comprising cutouts is applied to a first continuous polymer layer by means of a printing and/or coating method, a cover is applied to the first polymer layer comprising cutouts in such a way that the cutouts of the first polymer layer comprising cutouts are closed off with the formation of cavities, and the cover is connected to the first polymer layer comprising cutouts. The invention also relates to electromechanical transducers produced by the method according to the invention, and the use of said electromechanical transducers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing double or multilayer ferroelectret with defined cavities by: structuring at least one first surface of a first polymer film (1) forming a height profile, applying ate least one second polymer film (5, 1?) to the structured surface on the first polymer film formed in step a), joining the polymer films (1, 1?, 5) to give a polymer film composite with the formation of cavities (4, 4?) and electrically charging of the inner surfaces of the cavities (4, 4?) formed in step c) with opposing electrical charges. The invention further relates to ferroelectret multilayer composites, optionally produced by said method, comprising at least two polymer films, arranged one over the other and connected to each other, wherein cavities are formed between the polymer films. A piezoelectric element comprising a said ferroelectret multilayer composite is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electromechanical transducer, in particular an electromechanical sensor, actuator and/or generator, which exhibits a polymer element that is obtainable from a reaction mixture comprising a polyisocyanate or a polyisocyanate prepolymer or a mixture thereof and a compound with at least two isocyanate-reactive amino groups. Moreover, the present invention relates to a process for producing an electromechanical transducer of such a type and also to the use of a polymer element of such a type as an electromechanical element. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an electronic and/or electrical apparatus that includes an electromechanical transducer according to the invention, and also to the use of an electromechanical transducer according to the invention in an electronic and/or electrical apparatus.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting faulty functioning of actuators in the air system on internal combustion engines, an actuator being operated using at least two control states, one after the other, at least one sensor, whose output signal is a function of the excursion state of the actuator, reading out the output signal of this sensor being undertaken, and an assessment of the function of the controlled actuator being undertaken from the response of this output signal to the change of the control of the actuator, during the control of the actuator, at least the control of those other actuators included in the air system being kept constant as well as additional control signals for operating the internal combustion engine, which have an influence on the output signal of the sensor.

Abstract: A polymer material according to the invention comprises a polymer and silver nanoparticles dispersed in the polymer. The silver nanoparticles may be obtained by reducing a silver salt in a dispersing agent in the presence of a dispersion stabilizer with a reducing agent, the dispersion stabilizer being selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids having ?1 to ?6 carbon atoms, salts of carboxylic acids having ?1 to ?6 carbon atoms, sulfates and phosphates. Such a material is particularly suitable for use as an electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferroelectret multi-layer composite (1) comprising at least two polymer films arranged one on top of the other and bonded together, wherein voids are formed between the polymer films, said voids being tubular channels, particularly running parallel to one another. The invention further provides a process for the production of a ferroelectret multi-layer composite with parallel tubular channels, and a device for carrying out the process for the production of the ferroelectret multi-layer composite according to the invention. In addition, the invention relates to a piezoelectric element containing a ferroelectret multi-layer composite according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer laminar composite including a first layer and a second layer at least partially in contact with the first layer. The first layer includes a polyurethane polymer which is the reaction product of a polyisocyanate A) and/or a polyisocyanate prepolymer B) with an at least difunctional, isocyanate-group-reactive compound C) and a monomeric, monofunctional aromatic alcohol. The second layer includes polymeric thiophene of the formula (I), substituted at the 3 and/or 4 position: and polystyrene sulfonate. 2-Hydroxymethyl-3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene is preferably used for the first layer and poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) for the second layer. The invention further relates to a process for producing such a laminar composite, as well as an electromechanical converter containing this laminar composite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing electromechanical converters, to the use of solutions of at least one polyurethane in one or more organic solvents to produce electromechanical converters, to electromechanical converters produced therefrom and to the use of such electromechanical converters.

Abstract: A sealing configuration is configured for sealingly coupling a first fluid flow path of a first device to a second fluid flow path of a second device. The sealing configuration comprises a contact surface comprising a structure configured for increasing a surface pressure when coupling the first device to the second device. The contact surface comprises a metal coating configured for increasing sealing.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electromechanical transducer comprising a dielectric elastomer with contact by a first electrode and a second electrode, said dielectric elastomer comprising a polyurethane polymer comprising the reaction product of A) a polyisocyanate and/or B) a polyisocyanate prepolymer with C) a compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups wherein the polyisocyanate prepolymer B) and/or the compound C) having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups comprise polytetramethylene glycol ether units of the formula (I): —[O—CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-]n??(I) where n?25; and with a minimum value nmin for the value n and a maximum value nmax for the value n in the formula (I) selected such that the difference between nmax and nmin is ?0 to ?4. The present invention further provides a process for producing such an electromechanical transducer, and to an electric and/or electronic device including the inventive electromechanical transducer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing two- or multi-layer ferroelectrets with defined voids, with the exception of three-layer ferroelectrets with a perforated middle layer made of PTFE between two FEP layers, involving, introducing one or more clearances into at least one surface side of a polymer film element by means of a method of removal, applying a first covering to the surface side of the polymer film element comprising clearances formed in step A), and joining the polymer film element and the covering to form a polymer film composite, the clearances being closed while voids are formed, and to a two- or multi-layer ferroelectret, with the exception of three-layer ferroelectrets with a perforated middle layer made of PTFE between two FFP layers, in particular produced by this method. The invention also relates to a piezoelectric element containing a ferroelectret multi-layer composite according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semiconductor laser having at least one quantum film in which electron hole pairs can be recombined, having at least two barrier layers between which respectively one of the at least one quantum films is disposed adjacently to these, directly in a planar manner or via respectively one intermediate film, and also having a pump device, the barrier layers having or consisting of AlzGa1-zAsySbi-y, with y greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to one and z less than or equal to one and greater than 0.4, and/or having or consisting of AlzGauInvAsySb1-y, with z+u+v=1 and z greater than 0.25, the electron hole pairs being able to be produced directly in the quantum film with the pump device.