Abstract: Disclosed is a method of increasing lean body mass and reducing fat body mass in infants, said method comprising administration to an infant, term or preterm, a nutritional formula comprising a source of DHA and ARA. It has been found that the administration of DHA and ARA, or a source thereof, in infants can increase lean body mass and reduce fat body mass, when compared to an unsupplemented control formula, without impacting the total overall growth of the infant. This method is especially useful in preterm infants.

Abstract: Disclosed are infant nutrition formulas comprising protein, lipid and a lactose-containing carbohydrate, wherein the lactose represents from about 68% to about 97% of the total carbohydrate calories in the formula, and wherein the formula preferably provides a caloric density of from about 22 kcal/ounce to about 23 kcal/ounce. Also disclosed are methods of providing nutrition and/or reducing feeding intolerance in preterm infants after hospital discharge by feeding the disclosed compositions to the infants following hospital discharge.

Abstract: The invention comprises methods and devices that are developed using subject modeling functions of the form ƒa,b,c(t)=a exp (b(1−exp(−ct))). These methods and device are particularly useful in the study and interpretation of subject growth. The function parameters are calculated to give optimal curve fit to subject data, such as anthropometric growth date like weight, length, and head circumference as a function of an age measure, t. Preferably the subject is an infant and the age measure, t, is gestation-adjusted age. The fitted functions can be used to estimate subject sizes at a different, predetermined age, and the estimated sizes may be subjected to statistical analysis to determine which factors, if any, have affected growth of the infant.