Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a rocket propellant composition comprising (a) a liquid oxygen; and (b) a hydrocarbon mixture comprising: (i) a hydrogen content from about 14.0 mass % to about 16.0 mass %, by mass of the hydrocarbon mixture; (ii) a kinematic viscosity of from about 5 mm2/s to about 8 mm2/s at a temperature ranging from about ?35° C. to about ?33° C.; and (iii) a sulfur content of from about 0 ppm to about 0.1 ppm, by mass of 0 the hydrocarbon mixture.

Abstract: By blending a quantity of synthetic cyclo-paraffinic kerosene fuel blending component comprising at least 99.5 mass % of carbon and hydrogen content and at least 50 mass % of cyclo-paraffin into kerosene base fuel, kerosene based-propulsion fuels can be upgraded to higher quality kerosene based-propulsion fuels such as jet fuel or rocket fuel to meet certain specification and/or increase volumetric energy content of the propulsion fuel.

Abstract: By blending a quantity of synthetic cyclo-paraffinic kerosene fuel blending component comprising at least 99.5 mass % of carbon and hydrogen content and at least 50 mass % of cyclo-paraffin into kerosene base fuel, kerosene based-propulsion fuels can be upgraded to higher quality kerosene based-propulsion fuels such as jet fuel or rocket fuel to meet certain specification and/or increase volumetric energy content of the propulsion fuel.

Abstract: By blending a quantity of synthetic cyclo-paraffinic kerosene fuel blending component comprising at least 99.5 mass % of carbon and hydrogen content and at least 50 mass % of cyclo-paraffin into kerosene base fuel, kerosene based-propulsion fuels can be upgraded to higher quality kerosene based-propulsion fuels such as jet fuel or rocket fuel to meet certain specification and/or increase volumetric energy content of the propulsion fuel.

Abstract: By blending a quantity of synthetic cyclo-paraffinic kerosene fuel blending component comprising at least 99.5 mass % of carbon and hydrogen content and at least 50 mass % of cyclo-paraffin into kerosene base fuel, kerosene based-propulsion fuels can be upgraded to higher quality kerosene based-propulsion fuels such as jet fuel or rocket fuel to meet certain specification and/or increase volumetric energy content of the propulsion fuel.

Abstract: Reduced emissions in a jet fuel having aromatics content can be achieved by incorporating a quantity of an aromatic kerosene fuel blending component, preferably a bio-derived synthetic aromatic kerosene, comprising at least 90 wt. % of aromatics, less than 10 wt. % of indanes and tetralins and less than 1 wt. % of naphthalene into a jet fuel in a manner to meet the aromatic content specification for jet fuels. A jet fuel having aromatics content having reduced number-based nvPM emissions compared to equivalent total aromatics content petroleum-derived kerosene jet fuel is obtained.

Abstract: A moderate fraction of a carbohydrate derived component, and a kerosene composition comprising the moderate fraction.

Abstract: A moderate fraction of a carbohydrate derived component, and a kerosene composition comprising the moderate fraction, the moderate fraction having at least one C4+ compound, wherein: the moderate fraction exhibits: a mean percentage of 99% or more biobased material, as determined by C14 testing; and, a final boiling point in the range of from 200 to 320° C.; and, the moderate fraction comprises: a first quantity of one or more branched carbohydrate derived C4+ alkanes; a second quantity of one or more straight chain carbohydrate derived C4+ alkanes; a concentration of one or more substituted carbohydrate derived C5+ cycloalkanes comprising substituents selected from the group consisting of branched C3-4 alkyls and straight chain C1-4 alkyls, at least some of the substituted carbohydrate derived C5+ cycloalkanes comprising fused cycloalkanes.

Abstract: Liquid fuel compositions comprising one or more C4+ compounds derived from a water soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The application provides a moderate fraction of a carbohydrate derived component having at least one C4+ compound (and kerosene fuel composition comprising same), the moderate fraction exhibiting a mean percentage of 99% or more biobased material, as determined by C14 testing, the moderate fraction comprising: one or more substituted carbohydrate derived cycloalkanes comprising one or more substituent selected from the group consisting of branched C3-4 alkyls, straight chain C1-4 alkyls, branched C3-4 alkylenes, and straight chain C1-4 alkylenes; one or more carbohydrate derived aromatics, at least some of the carbohydrate derived aromatics comprising one or more substituent selected from the group consisting of branched C3-4 alkyls, straight chain C1-4 alkyls, branched C3-4 alkylenes, and, straight chain C2-4 alkylenes; and one or more carbohydrate derived compound selected from the group consisting of fused aryls, indane, indene, isomers thereof, and combinations thereof, at least some of the carbohydrate d

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid fuel composition comprising a distillation fraction of a component having at least one C4+ compound derived from a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon prepared by a method comprising: providing water and a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon comprising a C1+O1+ hydrocarbon in an aqueous liquid phase and/or a vapor phase; providing H2; catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenated hydrocarbon with the H2 in the presence of a deoxygenation catalyst at a deoxygenation temperature and deoxygenation pressure to produce an oxygenate comprising a C1+O1-3 hydrocarbon in a reaction stream; and catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenate in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce the C4+ compound, wherein the C4+ compound comprises a member selected from the group consisting of C4+ alcohol, C4+ ketone, C4+ alkane, C4+ alkene, C5+ cycloalkane, C5+ cycloalkene,

Abstract: Liquid fuel compositions comprising one or more C4+ compounds derived from a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a kerosene base fuel having an initial boiling point in the range 130 to 160° C. and a final boiling point in the range 250 to 300° C. as determined according to ASTM method D86, and comprising less than 15% by weight of aromatic compounds, and at least of 80% by weight of aliphatic hydrocarbons, of which at least 20% by volume are n-paraffins and at least 25% by volume are cycloparaffins, as determined by according to ASTM method D2425. It further relates to the use of this base fuel in fuel compositions, as well for he use of the kerosene base fuel in a fuel composition comprising a petroleum based kerosene base fuel having a higher density and a lower energy content than that of the kerosene base fuel, to increase the energy density above that of the petroleum derived kerosene fuel.

Abstract: Liquid fuel compositions comprising one or more C4+ compounds derived from a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid fuel composition comprising a distillation fraction of a component having at least one C4+ compound derived from a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon prepared by a method comprising: providing water and a water-soluble oxygenated hydrocarbon comprising a C1+O1+ hydrocarbon in an aqueous liquid phase and/or a vapor phase; providing H2; catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenated hydrocarbon with the H2 in the presence of a deoxygenation catalyst at a deoxygenation temperature and deoxygenation pressure to produce an oxygenate comprising a C1+O1-3 hydrocarbon in a reaction stream; and catalytically reacting in the liquid and/or vapor phase the oxygenate in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce the C4+ compound, wherein the C4+ compound comprises a member selected from the group consisting of C4+ alcohol, C4+ ketone, C4+ alkane, C4+ alkene, C5+ cycloalkane, C5+ cycloalkene,

Abstract: A fuel composition useful for operating a jet engine or a diesel engine containing a petroleum derived kerosene fuel and a Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene fuel is provided. The Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene fuel contains normal and iso-paraffins in a weight ratio of greater than 1:1 and/or the freeze point of the composition is lower than the freeze points of both of the petroleum derived kerosene fuel and the Fischer-Tropsch derived kerosene fuel.