Abstract: The invention is directed to the use of biomarkers to determine responsiveness of an individual with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) to treatment with an mGluR5 antagonist.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method of determining the presence of at least one HLA allele, preferably selected from the group consisting of DQA1*0102, DRB1*1501, DQB1*0602 and DRB5*0101 to assess whether a patient is at risk for developing hepatotoxicity upon administration of the COX-2 inhibitor lumiracoxib. Also disclosed is the use of a kit for carrying out this method. The disclosure also relates to a method of treating cyclooxygenase-2 dependent disorders with lumiracoxib in a subject that is not a carrier of one or more HLA alleles, preferably selected from the group consisting of DQA1*0102, DRB1*1501, DQB1*0602 and DRB5*0101.

Abstract: A retrospective pharmacogenetic analysis was conducted in an attempt to evaluate potential association between genetic variation and outcome of a clinical trial of efficacy of aliskiren as an antihypertensive agent. Forty-eight polymorphisms were examined in twelve genes from the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) or previously implicated in blood pressure regulation. Significant associations were seen between one polymorphism in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene, two polymorphisms in the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AGTR2) gene, and clinical parameters of mean sitting diastolic and systolic blood pressure decrease. These effects were not found with irbesartan and placebo treatment, but instead were specific to aliskiren treatment.

Abstract: The genetic polymorphism LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2)-T1602S is significantly associated with conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), with the patients with TT genotype being at greater risk to progress to Alzheimer's disease. The LRRK2-T2352 also showed a trend for conversion to Alzheimer's disease, with the patients with CC genotype tending to progress to Alzheimer's disease. Similar to the APOE-E4 allele, in the presence of a BuChE-K variant, LRRK2-T1602S and LRRK2-T2352 showed a greater association with the rate of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. In another study with placebo-treated Alzheimer's disease patients, LRRK2-T1602S and LRRK2-T2352 showed a same trend of association. The Alzheimer's disease patients with TT genotype of LRRK2-T1602S or CC genotype of LRRK2-T2352 tended to decline faster on cognitive performance over 6 months, especially in the presence of a BuChE-K variant.

Abstract: The present invention is based at least in part on the discovery of polymorphisms within the 5-lipoxygenase gene which are included in a haplotype. Accordingly, the invention provides nucleic acid molecules having a nucleotide sequence of an allelic variant of a 5-LO gene. The invention also provides methods for identifying specific alleles of polymorphic regions of a 5-LO gene, methods for determining whether a patient has a more or less severe phenotype of an inflammatory disease or disorder such as asthma, methods for determining whether a patient will be more or less responsive to treatment with 5?LO inhibitors, forensic methods based on detection of polymorphisms within the 5-LO gene, and kits for performing such methods.

Abstract: The present invention is based at least in part on the discovery of polymorphisms within the 5-lipoxygenase gene which are included in a haplotype. Accordingly, the invention provides nucleic acid molecules having a nucleotide sequence of an allelic variant of a 5-LO gene. The invention also provides methods for identifying specific alleles of polymorphic regions of a 5-LO gene, methods for determining whether a patient has a more or less severe phenotype of an inflammatory disease or disorder such as asthma, methods for determining whether a patient will be more or less responsive to treatment with 5′LO inhibitors, forensic methods based on detection of polymorphisms within the 5-LO gene, and kits for performing such methods.

Abstract: The present invention is based at least in part on the discovery of polymorphisms within the 5-lipoxygenase gene which are included in a haplotype. Accordingly, the invention provides nucleic acid molecules having a nucleotide sequence of an allelic variant of a 5-LO gene. The invention also provides methods for identifying specific alleles of polymorphic regions of a 5-LO gene, methods for determining whether a patient has a more or less severe phenotype of an inflammatory disease or disorder such as asthma, methods for determining whether a patient will be more or less responsive to treatment with 5′LO inhibitors, forensic methods based on detection of polymorphisms within the 5-LO gene, and kits for performing such methods.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for diagnosing Type II diabetes or the risk for developing Type II diabetes by detecting alterations in expression, sequence, or function of carboxypeptidase E nucleic acid or protein. The invention is also directed to methods for preventing or treating Type II diabetes by modulating the levels, altering the sequence, or controlling the function of carboxypeptidase E nucleic acid or protein. The invention is also directed to methods for identifying agents that modulate the levels or affect the function of carboxypeptidase E nucleic acid or protein. The invention is also directed to methods using the agents to treat or diagnose Type II diabetes. The invention is also directed to animal models of Type II diabetes using the carboxypeptidase E gene.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for diagnosing Type II diabetes or the risk for developing Type II diabetes by detecting alterations in expression, sequence, or function of carboxypeptidase E nucleic acid or protein. The invention is also directed to methods for preventing or treating Type II diabetes by modulating the levels, altering the sequence, or controlling the function of carboxypeptidase E nucleic acid or protein. The invention is also directed to methods for identifying agents that modulate the levels or affect the function of carboxypeptidase E nucleic acid or protein. The invention is also directed to methods using the agents to treat or diagnose Type II diabetes. The invention is also directed to animal models of Type II diabetes using the carboxypeptidase E gene.