Abstract: A system comprising a causal convolutional neural network to autoregressively generate a succession of values of a data item conditioned upon previously generated values of the data item. The system includes support memory for a set of support data patches each of which comprises an encoding of an example data item. A soft attention mechanism attends to one or more patches when generating the current item value. The soft attention mechanism determines a set of scores for the support data patches, for example in the form of a soft attention query vector dependent upon the previously generated values of the data item. The soft attention query vector is used to query the memory. When generating the value of the data item at a current iteration layers of the causal convolutional neural network are conditioned upon the support data patches weighted by the scores.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for data-driven robotic control. One of the methods includes maintaining robot experience data; obtaining annotation data; training, on the annotation data, a reward model; generating task-specific training data for the particular task, comprising, for each experience in a second subset of the experiences in the robot experience data: processing the observation in the experience using the trained reward model to generate a reward prediction, and associating the reward prediction with the experience; and training a policy neural network on the task-specific training data for the particular task, wherein the policy neural network is configured to receive a network input comprising an observation and to generate a policy output that defines a control policy for a robot performing the particular task.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for training a machine learning model. One of the methods includes receiving metadata for the training, generating a metadata sequence that represents the metadata, at each of a plurality of iterations: generating one or more trials that each specify a respective value for each of a set of hyperparameters, comprising, for each trial: generating an input sequence for the iteration that comprises (i) the metadata sequence and (ii) for any earlier trials, a respective sequence that represents the respective values for the hyperparameters specified by the earlier trial and a measure of performance for the trial, and processing an input sequence for the trial that comprises the input sequence for the iteration using a sequence generation neural network to generate an output sequence that represents respective values for the hyperparameters.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media for training machine learning models. One method includes obtaining a machine learning model, wherein the machine learning model comprises one or more model parameters, and the machine learning model is trained using gradient descent techniques to optimize an objective function; determining an update rule for the model parameters using a recurrent neural network (RNN); and applying a determined update rule for a final time step in a sequence of multiple time steps to the model parameters.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for neural programming. One of the methods includes processing a current neural network input using a core recurrent neural network to generate a neural network output; determining, from the neural network output, whether or not to end a currently invoked program and to return to a calling program from the set of programs; determining, from the neural network output, a next program to be called; determining, from the neural network output, contents of arguments to the next program to be called; receiving a representation of a current state of the environment; and generating a next neural network input from an embedding for the next program to be called and the representation of the current state of the environment.

Abstract: A method of generating an output image having an output resolution of N pixels×N pixels, each pixel in the output image having a respective color value for each of a plurality of color channels, the method comprising: obtaining a low-resolution version of the output image; and upscaling the low-resolution version of the output image to generate the output image having the output resolution by repeatedly performing the following operations: obtaining a current version of the output image having a current K×K resolution; and processing the current version of the output image using a set of convolutional neural networks that are specific to the current resolution to generate an updated version of the output image having a 2K×2K resolution.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for data-driven robotic control. One of the methods includes maintaining robot experience data; obtaining annotation data; training, on the annotation data, a reward model; generating task-specific training data for the particular task, comprising, for each experience in a second subset of the experiences in the robot experience data: processing the observation in the experience using the trained reward model to generate a reward prediction, and associating the reward prediction with the experience; and training a policy neural network on the task-specific training data for the particular task, wherein the policy neural network is configured to receive a network input comprising an observation and to generate a policy output that defines a control policy for a robot performing the particular task.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media for training machine learning models. One method includes obtaining a machine learning model, wherein the machine learning model comprises one or more model parameters, and the machine learning model is trained using gradient descent techniques to optimize an objective function; determining an update rule for the model parameters using a recurrent neural network (RNN); and applying a determined update rule for a final time step in a sequence of multiple time steps to the model parameters.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for selecting actions to be performed by an agent to interact with an environment using an action selection neural network. In one aspect, a method comprises, at each time step in a sequence of time steps: generating a current representation of a state of a task being performed by the agent in the environment as of the current time step as a sequence of data elements; autoregressively generating a sequence of data elements representing a current action to be performed by the agent at the current time step; and after autoregressively generating the sequence of data elements representing the current action, causing the agent to perform the current action at the current time step.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining an optimized setting for one or more process parameters of a machine learning training process. One of the methods includes processing a current network input using a recurrent neural network in accordance with first values of the network parameters to obtain a current network output, obtaining a measure of the performance of the machine learning training process with an updated setting defined by the current network output, and generating a new network input that comprises (i) the updated setting defined by the current network output and (ii) the measure of the performance of the training process with the updated setting defined by the current network output.

Abstract: A method of generating an output image having an output resolution of N pixels×N pixels, each pixel in the output image having a respective color value for each of a plurality of color channels, the method comprising: obtaining a low-resolution version of the output image; and upscaling the low-resolution version of the output image to generate the output image having the output resolution by repeatedly performing the following operations: obtaining a current version of the output image having a current K×K resolution; and processing the current version of the output image using a set of convolutional neural networks that are specific to the current resolution to generate an updated version of the output image having a 2K×2K resolution.

Abstract: A method is proposed of training a neural network to generate action data for controlling an agent to perform a task in an environment. The method includes obtaining, for each of a plurality of performances of the task, one or more first tuple datasets, each first tuple dataset comprising state data characterizing a state of the environment at a corresponding time during the performance of the task; and a concurrent process of training the neural network and a discriminator network. The training process comprises a plurality of neural network update steps and a plurality of discriminator network update steps.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for performing visual speech recognition. In one aspect, a method comprises receiving a video comprising a plurality of video frames, wherein each video frame depicts a pair of lips; processing the video using a visual speech recognition neural network to generate, for each output position in an output sequence, a respective output score for each token in a vocabulary of possible tokens, wherein the visual speech recognition neural network comprises one or more volumetric convolutional neural network layers and one or more time-aggregation neural network layers; wherein the vocabulary of possible tokens comprises a plurality of phonemes; and determining a sequence of words expressed by the pair of lips depicted in the video using the output scores.

Abstract: A method of generating an output image having an output resolution of N pixels×N pixels, each pixel in the output image having a respective color value for each of a plurality of color channels, the method comprising: obtaining a low-resolution version of the output image; and upscaling the low-resolution version of the output image to generate the output image having the output resolution by repeatedly performing the following operations: obtaining a current version of the output image having a current K×K resolution; and processing the current version of the output image using a set of convolutional neural networks that are specific to the current resolution to generate an updated version of the output image having a 2K×2K resolution.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining an optimized setting for one or more process parameters of a machine learning training process are described. One of the methods includes processing a current network input using a recurrent neural network in accordance with first values of the network parameters to obtain a current network output, obtaining a measure of the performance of the machine learning training process with an updated setting defined by the current network output, and generating a new network input that includes (i) the updated setting defined by the current network output and (ii) the measure of the performance of the training process with the updated setting defined by the current network output.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for generating an adaptive audio-generation model. One of the methods includes generating an adaptive audio-generation model including learning a plurality of embedding vectors and parameter values of a neural network using training data comprising first text and audio data representing a plurality of different individual speakers speaking portions of the first text, wherein the plurality of embedding vectors represent respective voice characteristics of the plurality of different individual speakers.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for training a video speech recognition model having a plurality of model parameters on a set of unlabeled video-audio data and using a trained speech recognition model. During the training, the values of the parameters of the trained audio speech recognition model fixed are generally fixed and only the values of the video speech recognition model are adjusted. Once being trained, the video speech recognition model can be used to recognize speech from video when corresponding audio is not available.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for performing visual speech recognition. In one aspect, a method comprises receiving a video comprising a plurality of video frames, wherein each video frame depicts a pair of lips; processing the video using a visual speech recognition neural network to generate, for each output position in an output sequence, a respective output score for each token in a vocabulary of possible tokens, wherein the visual speech recognition neural network comprises one or more volumetric convolutional neural network layers and one or more time-aggregation neural network layers; wherein the vocabulary of possible tokens comprises a plurality of phonemes; and determining a sequence of words expressed by the pair of lips depicted in the video using the output scores.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for data-driven robotic control. One of the methods includes maintaining robot experience data; obtaining annotation data; training, on the annotation data, a reward model; generating task-specific training data for the particular task, comprising, for each experience in a second subset of the experiences in the robot experience data: processing the observation in the experience using the trained reward model to generate a reward prediction, and associating the reward prediction with the experience; and training a policy neural network on the task-specific training data for the particular task, wherein the policy neural network is configured to receive a network input comprising an observation and to generate a policy output that defines a control policy for a robot performing the particular task.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for generating an adaptive audio-generation model. One of the methods includes generating an adaptive audio-generation model including learning a plurality of embedding vectors and parameter values of a neural network using training data comprising first text and audio data representing a plurality of different individual speakers speaking portions of the first text, wherein the plurality of embedding vectors represent respective voice characteristics of the plurality of different individual speakers.