Abstract: A limb stabilization device is described, including: two or more collars configured to surround a limb and apply a pressure to the limb at or below a threshold pressure, wherein the collar comprises a pressurized bladder or a compressed memory foam to conform the collar to the limb; at least one beam connecting the two or more collars to support the limb; and optionally a pressure modulator configured to regulate the pressure of the bladder to be at or below a threshold pressure.

Abstract: A pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) actuator body can be formed from an elastic material that includes an inflatable chamber and a restraining component, such as flexible, but inextensible fibers, that causes the actuator to contract when the chamber is inflated with fluid (e.g., air or water). The actuator body can be cylindrical or flat. The actuator body can include a sensor layer formed of an elastic material including a microchannel filled with a conductive fluid to sense the expansion of the actuator body. The sensor layer can be configured to expand when the actuator body is inflated causing the electrical resistance of the conductive fluid to change. A sensor layer between the actuator body and restraining component can be used to measure changes in the contraction force of the actuator and a sensor layer outside of the restraining component can be used to measure changes in the length of the actuator.