Abstract: A fuel injector for injecting fuel vapour into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The injector has a central axis and is mountable to the internal combustion engine so that the fuel injector projects into the combustion chamber. The injector has an inlet for supplying fuel to the fuel injector. The inlet projects from the injector body at a first circumferential position of the injector body. The inlet has a component of projection, X, radially outward relative to the central axis of the injector. The injector also has a spray nozzle having a tip and the spray nozzle extends longitudinally from the injector body. The injector has a plurality of spray discharge orifices formed on the tip with an even radial distribution about the tip. Each spray discharge orifice is configured to discharge fuel vapour. Each spray discharge orifice has a component of direction parallel to the central axis and a component of direction, Y, radially outward relative to the central axis.

Abstract: A novel highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer is provided comprising an additive reaction product of a method comprising reacting acylating agent with an olefin copolymer having a number average molecular weight greater than about 1,000 in the presence of a free radical initiator and essentially free of hydrocarbon solvent in an extruder to provide an olefin copolymer intermediate comprising an acylated olefin copolymer having a degree of grafting (DOG) of at least 0.5 wt. %, which copolymer intermediate's molecular weight is reduced, vacuum stripped of unreacted components, pelletized, dissolved in a neutral oil (preferably with inert gas sparging), and further reacted with a polyamine to provide a grafted multi-functional olefin copolymer viscosity modifier, and lubricating oil concentrates and compositions containing the same and uses thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to detergents, lubricating oil additives and compositions, and methods of preparing detergents, lubricating oil additives and compositions. More specifically, this invention relates to novel phenolic dimers.