Abstract: The present invention pertains to single plasmid systems comprising sequences encoding programmable proteins, one or more guides, optionally donor polynucleotides, and optionally anti-CRISPR molecules, for gene editing. These plasmid systems allow for genomic engineering of bacterial strains that are difficult to transform and increase the efficiency of genomic engineering in tractable strains. Additionally, the single plasmids can be configured to provide for the transformation of a number of different bacterial strains using the same plasmid.

Abstract: A current producing cell has anode flow plates 22 and cathode flow plates 20. Each of the flow plates 20, 22 defines a membrane face 26, a collector face 24, and a center axis C perpendicular to the membrane face 26 and the collector face 24. Each of the collector faces 24 define a plurality of cooling channels 74, 76, 78 and a plurality of transport channels 62, 64. The cooling channels 74, 76, 78 of the cathode flow plates 20 extend radially relative to the center axis C thereof to overlap the transport channels 62, 64 of the anode flow plates 22.

Abstract: The invention relates to electrical power conversion and more specifically to a high power direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) power converter. The DC-DC converter includes a plurality of input ports for receiving a plurality of inputs, each having current, voltage, and power, which can be selectively configured by a user. The DC-DC converter further includes a plurality of output channels for outputting current, voltage, and power, which may be selectively configured by a user. By allowing a user to configure both the inputs and outputs, the DC-DC converter may be utilized with wide variation of power conversion applications.

Abstract: The flow plate (20) defines stems (76), branches (78), and sub-branches (80) for moving fluid between each of the openings (34, 36) and the active area (42). The openings (34, 36) are trifurcated into two branches (78) and one stem (76) for providing flow of fluid through each of the stems (76) equal to the combined flow through co-diverging of the branches (78). The stems (76) have a minimal cross-sectional flow area less than the combined minimal cross-sectional flow area of the co-diverging of the branches (78). The stems (76) are bifurcated into two branches (78). The branches (78) have a uniform branch width (WB) and are bifurcated into two sub-branches (80). The active area (42) includes manifolds (46, 48) and active channels (50, 52) extending therebetween. Each of the sub-branches (80) is in fluid communication with one of the manifolds (46, 48).

Abstract: A current producing cell has anode flow plates 22 and cathode flow plates 20. Each of the flow plates 20, 22 defines a membrane face 26, a collector face 24, and a center axis C perpendicular to the membrane face 26 and the collector face 24. Each of the collector faces 24 define a plurality of cooling channels 74, 76, 78 and a plurality of transport channels 62, 64. The cooling channels 74, 76, 78 of the cathode flow plates 20 extend radially relative to the center axis C thereof to overlap the transport channels 62, 64 of the anode flow plates 22.

Abstract: The invention relates to electrical power conversion and more specifically to a high power direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) power converter. The DC-DC converter includes a plurality of input ports for receiving a plurality of inputs, each having current, voltage, and power, which can be selectively configured by a user. The DC-DC converter further includes a plurality of output channels for outputting current, voltage, and power, which may be selectively configured by a user. By allowing a user to configure both the inputs and outputs, the DC-DC converter may be utilized with wide variation of power conversion applications.

Abstract: A computerized model simulates the human spinal cord and makes it possible to draw inferences about the probability of future injury or the likelihood that specific injuries occurred in the past. The spinal cord is modeled by a plurality of two-dimensional graphs formed of a large number of finite elements. The two-dimensional graphs are stacked in positions corresponding to the measured positions of the spinal cord at various vertebral levels of a patient. The stacked graphs yield a three-dimensional model, which may be compared with similar data taken from other patients. The model may include the simulation of stress, applied to all or part of the spinal cord, resulting in a perturbed three-dimensional model which may again be compared with similar data taken from patients having known injuries. The invention can therefore be used, among other things, to verify claims of spinal injury as a result of vehicular or sporting accidents.