Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting and localizing an anomaly for a network are disclosed. For example, the method sends a first set of probe packets on at least one path of the network, and detects a performance anomaly on a first path of the at least one path. The method then identifies at least one link on the first path that is responsible for the performance anomaly by applying a second set of probe packets.

Abstract: Performance for a network is measured by sending multi-objective probes on a path, receiving at least one of the multi-objective probes for the path, and determining performance measurements for at least two parameters of the path determined from the at least one of the multi-objective probes. Separate algorithms are simultaneously executed to measure the at least two parameters of the path determined from the at least one of the multi-objective probes.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing a measurement of performance for a network are disclosed. For example, the method sends a plurality of multi-objective probes on a path, and receives one or more of said plurality of multi-objective probes for the path. The method then determines a plurality of performance measurements.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting and localizing an anomaly for a network are disclosed. For example, the method sends a first set of probe packets on at least one path of the network, and detects a performance anomaly on a first path of the at least one path. The method then identifies at least one link on the first path that is responsible for the performance anomaly by applying a second set of probe packets.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing a measurement of performance for a network are disclosed. For example, the method sends a plurality of multi-objective probes on a path, and receives one or more of said plurality of multi-objective probes for the path. The method then determines a plurality of performance measurements.

Abstract: A system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel includes a computer executing a number of software algorithms for determining one or more process parameters for various steel refinement process steps. In one embodiment, for example, the computer is configured to determine the total amount of flux additions to achieve a desired sulfur percentage as part of a steel desulfurization process. In another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine the total quantity of oxygen to be injected into the steel as part of a steel reoxidation process. In still another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine a melting temperature of inclusions within the refined steel, and to determine whether this melting temperature is within an acceptable range to successfully process the steel in a continuous steel strip casting apparatus/process, or whether the steel must be reworked to achieve an acceptable inclusion melting temperature.

Abstract: A method of controlling the formation of crocodile skin surface roughness on thin cast strip of plain carbon steel forming a casting pool of molten metal of plain carbon steel of less than 0.065% carbon supported on a casting surfaces above a nip, assembling a rotating brush to contact the casting surfaces in advance of contact with the molten metal, and controlling the energy exerted by rotating brushes against the casting surfaces of the casting rolls to clean and expose a majority of the projections of the casting surfaces of the casting rolls by provide wetting contact with the molten metal of the casting pool. The cleaning step may be done by controlling the energy of the rotating brush against the casting rolls based on the difference between the measured heat flux and the initially measured heat flux when the casting surfaces are clean, and automating the method.

Abstract: A method of controlling the formation of crocodile skin surface roughness on thin cast strip of plain carbon steel forming a casting pool of molten metal of plain carbon steel of less than 0.65% carbon supported on a casting surfaces above a nip, assembling a rotating brush to contact the casting surfaces in advance of contact with the molten metal, and controlling the energy exerted by rotating brushes against the casting surfaces of the casting rolls to clean and expose a majority of the projections of the casting surfaces of the casting rolls by provide wetting contact with the molten metal of the casting pool. The cleaning step may be done by controlling the energy of the rotating brush against the casting rolls based on the difference between the measured heat flux and the initially measured heat flux when the casting surfaces are clean, and automating the method.

Abstract: A system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel includes a computer executing a number of software algorithms for determining one or more process parameters for various steel refinement process steps. In one embodiment, for example, the computer is configured to determine the total amount of flux additions to achieve a desired sulfur percentage as part of a steel desulfurization process. In another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine the total quantity of oxygen to be injected into the steel as part of a steel reoxidation process. In still another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine a melting temperature of inclusions within the refined steel, and to determine whether this melting temperature is within an acceptable range to successfully process the steel in a continuous steel strip casting apparatus/process, or whether the steel must be reworked to achieve an acceptable inclusion melting temperature.

Abstract: A system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel includes a computer executing a number of software algorithms for determining one or more process parameters for various steel refinement process steps. In one embodiment, for example, the computer is configured to determine the total amount of flux additions to achieve a desired sulfur percentage as part of a steel desulfurization process. In another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine the total quantity of oxygen to be injected into the steel as part of a steel reoxidation process. In still another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine a melting temperature of inclusions within the refined steel, and to determine whether this melting temperature is within an acceptable range to successfully process the steel in a continuous steel strip casting apparatus/process, or whether the steel must be reworked to achieve an acceptable inclusion melting temperature.

Abstract: A system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel includes a computer executing a number of software algorithms for determining one or more process parameters for various steel refinement process steps. In one embodiment, for example, the computer is configured to determine the total amount of flux additions to achieve a desired sulfur percentage as part of a steel desulfurization process. In another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine the total quantity of oxygen to be injected into the steel as part of a steel reoxidation process. In still another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine a melting temperature of inclusions within the refined steel, and to determine whether this melting temperature is within an acceptable range to successfully process the steel in a continuous steel strip casting apparatus/process, or whether the steel must be reworked to achieve an acceptable inclusion melting temperature.

Abstract: A system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel includes a computer executing a number of software algorithms for determining one or more process parameters for various steel refinement process steps. In one embodiment, for example, the computer is configured to determine the total amount of flux additions to achieve a desired sulfur percentage as part of a steel desulfurization process. In another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine the total quantity of oxygen to be injected into the steel as part of a steel reoxidation process. In still another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine a melting temperature of inclusions within the refined steel, and to determine whether this melting temperature is within an acceptable range to successfully process the steel in a continuous steel strip casting apparatus/process, or whether the steel must be reworked to achieve an acceptable inclusion melting temperature.

Abstract: A system for determining process parameters for the ladle refinement of steel includes a computer executing a number of software algorithms for determining one or more process parameters for various steel refinement process steps. In one embodiment, for example, the computer is configured to determine the total amount of flux additions to achieve a desired sulfur percentage as part of a steel desulfurization process. In another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine the total quantity of oxygen to be injected into the steel as part of a steel reoxidation process. In still another embodiment, the computer is configured to determine a melting temperature of inclusions within the refined steel, and to determine whether this melting temperature is within an acceptable range to successfully process the steel in a continuous steel strip casting apparatus/process, or whether the steel must be reworked to achieve an acceptable inclusion melting temperature.