Abstract: A water preparation apparatus for determining an amount of total chlorine in purified water is disclosed. The water preparation apparatus includes a chlorine sensing system, a water pretreatment filter, a reverse osmosis filter, and an electrodeionization (“EDI”) module. The chlorine sensing system is configured to determine an amount of total chlorine in the purified water by applying, at a first time, a source voltage to the purified water and removing, at a second time, the source voltage. The chlorine sensing system then measures, after the second time, an electrical parameter of the purified water. The chlorine sensing system determines the amount of total chlorine in the purified water based on the measured electrical parameter.

Abstract: A dialysis method and system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: A dialysis method and system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: A dialysis system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media that leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning to analyze and categorize events associated with an equipment asset, such as industrial machinery, to determine a status (e.g., insight) associated with the equipment asset, and to determine maintenance actions to be performed with respect to the equipment asset to prevent, or reduce the likelihood or severity of, occurrence of a fault at the equipment asset. Machine learning (ML) models may be trained to categorize events that are detected based on operating characteristics data associated with the equipment asset, to determine a status of the equipment asset, and to recommend one or more maintenance actions (or other actions). Output that indicates the maintenance actions may be displayed to a user or used to automatically initiate performance of one or more of the maintenance actions.

Abstract: A dialysis system for determining an amount of total chlorine in a partially purified water sample is disclosed. The system includes a water machine that produces at least partially purified water including an at least partially purified water sample and a dialysis machine that provides a dialysis treatment to a patient. The dialysis machine receives the at least partially purified water from the water machine to prepare dialysis fluid for the dialysis treatment. The system also includes a total chlorine detector configured to receive the at least partially purified water sample, at a first time apply a source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample, and at a second time stop applying the source voltage to the at least partially purified water sample and instead monitor a sensed electrical parameter to determine an amount of total chlorine in the at least partially purified water sample.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing a KI/water sample chamber and a sodium sulfate chamber. A first electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the water sample. A second electrode pair in contact with fluid in the KI/water sample detects an amount of tri-iodide generated by the first electrode pair. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A medical fluid system includes a medical fluid pump; a container holding a fluid to be pumped by the medical fluid pump, the fluid at a first time having a first conductivity, the fluid at a second time having a second conductivity; and a radio frequency level sensor positioned in operable relation with the container, the radio frequency level sensor (i) configured to provide an output indicative of a level of the fluid in the container based upon sensing an impedance and (ii) connected to tuning circuitry that minimizes a reactance of the impedance such that the output is at least substantially independent of whether the fluid has the first conductivity or the second conductivity. The medical fluid system can determine the level of the fluid by measuring a resistance, the impedance, or a phase shift seen by the sensor.

Abstract: A medical fluid system includes a container holding a fluid at a level; and a radio frequency level sensor operably connected to the container and including an emitting electrode and a receiving electrode, the electrodes operating as a transmission line having an electrical impedance that varies with the level or volume of the fluid in the container, the level sensor configured to measure a phase shift of the transmission line, the phase shift indicative of the level or volume of the fluid in the container.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing a KI/water sample chamber and a sodium sulfate chamber. A first electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the water sample. A second electrode pair in contact with fluid in the KI/water sample detects an amount of tri-iodide generated by the first electrode pair. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing a KI/water sample chamber and a sodium sulfate chamber. A first electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the water sample. A second electrode pair in contact with fluid in the KI/water sample detects an amount of tri-iodide generated by the first electrode pair. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A medical fluid system includes a container holding a fluid at a level; and a radio frequency level sensor operably connected to the container and including an emitting electrode and a receiving electrode, the electrodes operating as a transmission line having an electrical impedance that varies with the level or volume of the fluid in the container, the level sensor configured to measure a phase shift of the transmission line, the phase shift indicative of the level or volume of the fluid in the container.

Abstract: A medical fluid system includes a medical fluid pump; a container holding a fluid to be pumped by the medical fluid pump, the fluid at a first time having a first conductivity, the fluid at a second time having a second conductivity; and a radio frequency level sensor positioned in operable relation with the container, the radio frequency operation of the level sensor configured so as to be (i) indicative of a level of the fluid in the container and (ii) at least substantially independent of whether the fluid has the first conductivity or the second conductivity. The medical fluid system can determine the level of medical fluid by measuring the resistance, impedance or phase shift seen by the sensor.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing an iodide/water sample chamber and a reducing agent chamber. An electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the dialysis water. The electrode pair detects the amount of tri-iodide generated in proportion to the amount of active chloride in the dialysis water. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a concentration of total chlorine in dialysis water are provided. The system comprises a main unit housing a KI/water sample chamber and a sodium sulfate chamber. A first electrode pair bridges the two chambers and generates tri-iodide proportional to the amount of total chlorine in the water sample. A second electrode pair in contact with fluid in the KI/water sample detects an amount of tri-iodide generated by the first electrode pair. The system is suitable for use in connection with, or for incorporation into, a water purification system for generating dialysis fluid, and may include a display that alerts the user to stop or prevent a hemodialysis treatment if the total chlorine level exceeds a predetermined level.