Abstract: Disclosed is a means and a method for executing a nested transaction in an execution environment supporting flat transactions only. To process a StartTransaction operation within a nested transaction it is suggested to check whether the StartTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transactions. An actual transaction within the execution environment by issuing a corresponding StartTransaction is started only in the affirmative case but not otherwise. To process a CommitTransaction operation within a nested transaction to successfully terminate a transaction it is suggested to check whether the CommitTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transaction. An actual transaction within the execution environment will be terminated only by issuing a corresponding CommitTransaction operation in the affirmative case but not otherwise.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implement techniques for testing applications using configurable patterns. A test script is received for a pattern that includes a predefined arrangement of user interface elements and specifies predefined actions that can be performed using the user interface elements. The test script specifies test sequences operable to invoke one or more of the predefined actions that can be performed. A specification of an application is received, where the specification includes configuration data for the pattern. The configuration data specifies associations between one or more of the user interface elements and one or more entities in a back-end system. A generated application-specific test is operable to invoke one or more of the predefined actions according to the test sequences in the test script. The predefined actions use the entities in the back-end system with which the user interface elements are associated.

Abstract: A system and method for testing an application on a target system are described. The target system is assigned a logical name which is used by within a test script to reference the target system. The logical name is associated with a plurality of different communication channels within a system data container (e.g., remote function call (“RFC”) channels, HyperText Transport Protocol (“HTTP”) channels, . . . etc). During replay of the test script, a particular communication channel is selected from the plurality of communication channels based on the type of command within the test script that references the target system using the logical name.

Abstract: A method is described comprising: providing a user interface for entering data and triggering one or more operations to process the data; translating the data and/or operations to a business layer format; receiving results of the data and/or operations in a business layer format; and storing the entered data, operations and/or results in the business layer format within a test script, the test script usable to test an instance of an application at the business layer of the application. Also described is a method for testing an application comprising: transmitting a series of business layer data and associated operations to an instance of a business layer of an application, the application processing the test data and associated operations; receiving business layer results of the associated operations; and comparing the business layer results to recorded business layer results to ensure that the application is functioning properly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a means and a method for executing a nested transaction in an execution environment supporting flat transactions only. To process a StartTransaction operation within a nested transaction it is suggested to check whether the StartTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transactions. An actual transaction within the execution environment by issuing a corresponding StartTransaction is started only in the affirmative case but not otherwise. To process a CommitTransaction operation within a nested transaction to successfully terminate a transaction it is suggested to check whether the CommitTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transaction. An actual transaction within the execution environment will be terminated only by issuing a corresponding CommitTransaction operation in the affirmative case but not otherwise.

Abstract: Disclosed is a means and a method for executing a nested transaction in an execution environment supporting flat transactions only. To process a StartTransaction operation within a nested transaction it is suggested to check whether the StartTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transactions. An actual transaction within the execution environment by issuing a corresponding StartTransaction is started only in the affirmative case but not otherwise. To process a CommitTransaction operation within a nested transaction to successfully terminate a transaction it is suggested to check whether the CommitTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transaction. An actual transaction within the execution environment will be terminated only by issuing a corresponding CommitTransaction operation in the affirmative case but not otherwise.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, for recording user actions includes receiving information representing a sequence of individual software application input actions taken by a user with respect to a software application, and recording the sequence as a higher level entry.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, implement techniques for testing applications using configurable patterns. A test script is received for a pattern that includes a predefined arrangement of user interface elements and specifies predefined actions that can be performed using the user interface elements. The test script specifies test sequences operable to invoke one or more of the predefined actions that can be performed. A specification of an application is received, where the specification includes configuration data for the pattern. The configuration data specifies associations between one or more of the user interface elements and one or more entities in a back-end system. A generated application-specific test is operable to invoke one or more of the predefined actions according to the test sequences in the test script. The predefined actions use the entities in the back-end system with which the user interface elements are associated.

Abstract: A computerized method and a system for implementing in a network distributed applications, comprising instructions for a computer process which are executable on different locations in the network, is proposed. The instructions include an assert-command and/or a release-command.

Abstract: This invention concerns methods for the protection of resources in an open digital communication system, which resources are residing in or owned by physically and organizationally distributed, independent entities connected through that system, e.g. the Internet. Since, in such an open system, any entity can in principle access any resource of any other entity, precautions must be taken to avoid or minimize the danger of resource corruption and destruction, to maintain privacy and, where necessary, confidentiality. Thus, protection of resources is of ultimate importance to warrant integrity and function of an entity. For the intelligent protection of such resources, in particular against unauthorized access, a variable-grained control of the name space (consisting of all names an entity provides) and/or the provision of attachable and detachable guards accompanying each call for a file and/or service is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a means and a method for executing a nested transaction in an execution environment supporting flat transactions only. To process a StartTransaction operation within a nested transaction it is suggested to check whether the StartTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transactions. An actual transaction within the execution environment by issuing a corresponding StartTransaction is started only in the affirmative case but not otherwise. To process a CommitTransaction operation within a nested transaction to successfully terminate a transaction it is suggested to check whether the CommitTransaction operation is on the first nesting level of the nested transaction. An actual transaction within the execution environment will be terminated only by issuing a corresponding CommitTransaction operation in the affirmative case but not otherwise.