Abstract: An X-ray diagnostic installation has an X-ray tube which emits a fan-shaped radiation beam which is directed through a movable diaphragm for sweeping the beam over a subject. The fluorescopic image resulting therefrom is supplied to an image intensifier which is coupled to a picture recording device which is connected to a display unit for displaying the radiation profile impringing on the image intensifier. The image recording device contains a solid state image converter which is oriented with respect to the fluorescent screen of the image intensifier. A control unit 17 controls the transmission of the image from the image intensifier to the solid state image converter such that the linear image on the fluorescent screen of the image intensifier, during movement of the X-ray beam, is always detected by the recording region of the solid state image converter.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment comprises an x-ray tube, an x-ray image intensifier, a television camera, a photographic camera, and a monitor system, which includes a video amplifier, a synchronizing pulse separation stage, a horizontal and a vertical deflection stage, a blanking stage and a picture tube with a deflection unit. The monitor system is provided with a pulse stage for the purpose of generating trace unblanking pulses for the formation of bright horizontal and/or vertical bars bounding the displayed image at the border of the picture tube, which pulse stage is connected with the synchronizing pulse separation stage. The photographic camera is so designed that the displayed images are adjacently photographed so as to avoid light transmitting interstices between the photographed images on the x-ray negative.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment includes an x-ray image intensifier television chain, an image memory, and a subtraction device which subtracts the stored and the current video signals. A radiographic control device derives control pulses for controlling image storage from the EKG of the patient. A second image memory is connected with the output of the subtraction device. The radiographic control device is connected to both image memories and is designed in such a manner that it triggers the storage at selected different times during a heart cycle.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment includes a television pickup installation, image storage circuitry, a difference stage for the subtraction of two chronologically successively obtained image data signals through difference formation and a monitor. An address computer is connected with the output of the difference stage and has outputs connected to the address inputs of the image storage circuitry. The computer alters in a step-wise fashion the allocation of the image point data to be compared in the difference stage (13) until a minimum of the difference formed during the subtraction of two images results.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment comprises an image intensifier television chain which includes an X-ray image intensifier, an optical coupler, a camera tube, a video amplifier, and a monitor, and also has a control loop for exposure control which includes a control circuit for the formation of a control voltage for controlling the dose rate of the x-ray tube. A dominant-field-responsive circuit evaluates the video signal and includes a device for blanking-out portions of the video signal for the formation of a dominant field. An actual value transmitter is connected in circuit between the photocathode of the X-ray image intensifier and a high voltage generator therefor, so as to supply to the control circuit an actual value signal corresponding to the mean image brightness.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment includes a television installation for the transmission of the X-ray image, a dose rate device for supplying a dose rate value during fluoroscopy, and a control circuit for controlling the size of the focus of the X-ray tube, to which at least one dose rate value of the dose rate device is supplied. An X-ray tube is present with at least one control electrode for the determination of the focus size via the electrode potential. The control electrode is connected with the control circuit via a control voltage generator. In the control circuit, data is stored which establishes the focus size at the smallest possible value, in dependence upon the dose rate value, the permissible load of the X-ray tube, and upon radiography values.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, video images from a television pickup device corresponding to the x-ray images are supplied to an image store and to a difference stage for the purpose of providing subtraction images through difference formation from the stored and the current video signal. The difference stage is connected with a first adder which in turn is connected with a second image store, whose output signal is supplied to a first adder, so that the image point data of the difference stage are summed in the second image store. The output signal of the second image store is supplied to the monitor.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment includes an image intensifier television chain with an x-ray image intensifier, an optoelectronic image converter and a monitor, and in which the transmission proceeds according to an interlaced method. For the x-ray image intensifier a deflection device is provided which, synchronously with the image scanning frequency generated by a clock pulse generator periodically effects a slight displacement of the x-ray image intensifier output image such that the displacement proceeds in a vertical and in a horizontal direction by half the spacing of the image elements of the image converter, and whereby two successive fields, respectively, are displayed on the monitor displaced corresponding to the displacement of the image intensifier output images.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, radiography and fluoroscopy is carried out by a film cassette, an image intensifier television chain and a circuit for the automatic influencing of parameters determining the x-ray image quality, which circuit exhibits a radiation sensor, and a comparator for the comparison of a nominal setpoint value with the actual value delivered by the sensor, in which analog to digital converters are provided for the formation of an electric signal corresponding to the electrode voltages of the x-ray image intensifier, which electric signal is supplied in the form of an address to a memory in which the dependency of the conversion factor of the x-ray image intensifier upon the electrode voltage is stored.

Abstract: In the illustrated embodiment an electronic transmission channel for converting an X-ray image into a television signal has an illumination device arranged in the optical path leading to the television pickup tube for providing a weak diffuse illumination of the target of the television pickup tube. It is found that such illumination enables the use of a television pickup tube having an cadmium-selenide layer, for example, without the buildup of negative potentials during scanning of the target in the absence of an X-ray image. The illumination device may be formed by one or more luminescent diodes.

Abstract: In television transmission of medical X-ray photographs and in television X-ray fluoroscopy (e.g. during surgery), where a great brightness contrast range is presented, the illustrated system obtains a blurred video signal representative of the brightness of relatively large regions of the visible light image and adjustably selects high amplitude parts of such signal to synchronously modulate the scanning electron beam of a storage type television camera tube. In this way darker image areas are transmitted with full contrast for reproduction of fine image details as particularly required in medical X-ray technology, while excessively bright areas are attenuated to a desired degree.

Abstract: In one mode, laminographic images are produced by sequentially pulsing a series of X-ray tubes, and by step-wise shifting of the image field of an image intensifier in an opposite sense so that each image of the desired layer is superimposed at the image intensifier output. The amplitude of the required magnetic deflection of the image intensifier is a function of the depth of the layer, and may be calibrated to represent the length dimension of a selected layer region. In another mode, a transverse sectional image is scanned by progressively increasing the magnetic deflection after each cycling of the X-ray sources, so as to scan at successive depths. With a video camera scanning the image intensifier output, one video line of each field may be stored for each depth, and then read out to display the cross sectional image. By storing different lines for respective different depths, oblique sections may be recorded.