Abstract: A method for safe performance of a calibration and/or an adjusting of a measured variable of a measuring device in automation technology, especially in process analysis technology, in the case of which a calibration result or an adjusting value is ascertained and shown on a display. In order to assure reliable adjusting or calibrating of a measured variable of a measuring device, the calibration result or the adjusting value is shown in multiple instances at random locations of the display, wherein, upon agreement of all shown calibration results or adjusting values, a confirmation is effected by a user of the measuring device.

Abstract: A method for determining a failure rate of an electrochemical sensor type for a process, wherein the process is defined by determined values, or value intervals, of a plurality of specified process parameters, and wherein a plurality of defect types is specified for the sensor type, comprising steps as follows: assigning, by means of expert knowledge, a defect rate to each combination of one of the values, or value intervals, of the specified process parameters and one of the specified defect types; and calculating the failure rate of the sensor type according to a calculational specification with application of the defect rates assigned to the combinations of a value, or value interval, of a process parameter and a defect type.

Abstract: A coding method for modulating carrier signals with 16 different digital states (4 bit signals) possesses a high synchronicity robustness and an at least partially improved coding gain. The coding parameters are obtained by the following steps: a) using a 2 ASK/8 PSK coding; b) choosing a convolutional code and determining all possible code word sequences with the free distance of the convolutional code; c) producing possible mappings by allocating a partial quantity of the 2 ASK/8 PSK channel bits to subsets; d) choosing the mapping at which, after determination of the optimum radii of the two amplitudes for every possible mapping, the resulting minimum Euclidean distance takes a maximum value between two possible subset sequences code word sequence.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coding method for modulating carrier signals with 16 different digital states (4 bit signals). The aim of the invention is to obtain a high synchronicity robustness and an at least partially improved coding gain. The coding parameters are obtained by the following steps: a) using a 2ASK/8PSK coding; b) choosing a convolutional code and determining all possible code word sequences with the free distance of the convolutional code; c) producing possible mappings by allocating a partial quantity of the 2ASK/8PSK channel bits to subsets; d) choosing the mapping at which after determination of the optimum radii (ac,c) of the two amplitudes for every possible mapping, the resulting minimum Euclidean distance takes a maximum value between two possible subset sequences code word sequence.

Abstract: Generating a bit rate scalable audio data stream is applicable in the field of data communications, and is based on the problem of providing a process and a device which can be used in a versatile manner and which have a high degree of flexibility with respect to the available transfer rates. This problem is solved by a process for generating a bit rate scalable audio data stream having the following steps: compression of the audio data stream in a core codec (100) accompanied by determination of core parameters (102); and enhancement of the coding in at least one downstream enhancement stage (110), characterized in that the enhancement in the enhancement stage (110) is controlled by the core parameters (102).

Abstract: Two codebooks each consisting of a filter memory are used for vector quantizing of a speech sample. Fixed excitation vectors and pitch parameters of a prediction filter are entered in the respective codebooks, which are actualized in time intervals. To improve the speech quality, respectively two vectors from the adaptive codebook which are best in respect to an error criterion are linked with all vectors of the fixed codebook. The value which best matches an original speech scanned value is selected from the linkages. The entries in the first codebook are advantageously thinned out by suppressing vector components taken from sum bits of two frame sections into which the speech sample is divided until the processing work is no more than the processing work with only one selected best vector from the second codebook.

Abstract: For processing data, particularly for transmission via a channel with an specifiably variable data rate, the data are classified into bit classes that are provided with different error redundancy. These bit classes are also weighted with weighting factors. The assignment of the code rates for the bit classes takes place as a function of the respective weighting factors. It is possible to provide a scalable.With the invention, it is possible to realize a scalable channel codec whose configuration is a function solely of the available channel codec bit rate. Such a channel codec is easy to adapt to different transmission techniques.

Abstract: For transmitting GSM data in a communication network (PSTN), a predefined frame format (TRAU) is preserved in the communication network (PSTN) for mobile stations (TL1, TL2). This predefined frame format (TRAU) is preserved even if the coding rates in the uplink and downlink are different. Recoding, in particular, takes place only in the downlink with the advantage that the uplink and downlink are completely isolated from one another regarding the coding rates used or a discontinuous/continuous (DTX) operation.