Abstract: A simultaneous sources seismic acquisition method is described that introduces notch diversity to improve separating the unknown contributions of one or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals while still allowing for optimal reconstruction properties in certain diamond-shaped regions. In particular, notch diversity is obtained by heteroscale encoding.

Abstract: A method for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals representing a wavefield where the contributions from different sources are both encoded by means of the principles of signal apparition and as well as by means of different source encoding techniques.

Abstract: Methods for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals based on varying parameters at the firing time, location and/or depth of the individual sources in a lateral 2D plane.

Abstract: Methods are described for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired aliased wave field signals including the determination of models with reduced support in the frequency-wavenumber domain which reconstruct the wave fields of independently-activated sources after a coordinate-transform of the acquired wave field data and/or in a coordinate-transformed domain.

Abstract: A method is described for removing the surface ghost from and/or separating wave field data and/or for estimating redatuming operators of the wave field data by effective use of a transform that that relies on the non-uniform distribution of distances with respect to a reference surface or of tuned-source radiation directions of sources and or the non-uniform distribution of receivers with respect to a reference surface to partition or map the wave field from at least two different cones in the transformed domain and using the contribution of sources and or receivers inside at least one of the at least two different cones to estimate a first wave field of interest, a second separated or ghost wave field and/or redatuming operator.

Abstract: Methods for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals based on varying parameters at the firing time, location and/or depth of the individual sources in a lateral 2D plane.

Abstract: Methods are described for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals representing a wavefield where the sources traverse general, related activation lines or grids and are synchronously activated while varying at least one parameter between the sources.

Abstract: Methods are described for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals representing a wavefield where the sources are laterally located relatively close to each other and fire relatively close in time, and where the contributions from different sources are separated using different source encoding techniques in different parts of a frequency band of interest.

Abstract: A simultaneous sources seismic acquisition method is described that introduces notch diversity to improve separating the unknown contributions of one or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals while still allowing for optimal reconstruction properties in certain diamond-shaped regions. In particular, notch diversity is obtained by heteroscale encoding.

Abstract: A method for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals representing a wavefield where the contributions from different sources are both encoded by means of the principles of signal apparition and as well as by means of different source encoding techniques.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for separating the unknown contributions of one or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals using analytic properties of complex and hypercomplex representations. In particular, the methods are designed to treat the case where the wavefield consists of seismic sources and of sets of aliased recorded and/or aliased processed seismic signals.

Abstract: Methods are described for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired set of wavefield signals representing a wavefield where the sources traverse general, related activation lines or grids and are synchronously activated while varying at least one parameter between the sources.

Abstract: Methods are described for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired aliased wave field signals including the determination of models with reduced support in the frequency-wavenumber domain which reconstruct the wave fields of independently-activated sources after a coordinate-transform of the acquired wave field data and/or in a coordinate-transformed domain.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating the unknown contributions of two or more sources from a commonly acquired wave field including the determination of a wavenumber dependent model which reconstructs the wave field of the sources independently below a frequency set by the slowest physical propagation velocity, and applying an inversion based on the model to the commonly acquired wave field to separate the contributions.

Abstract: A method is described for removing the surface ghost from and/or separating wave field data and/or for estimating redatuming operators of the wave field data by effective use of a transform that that relies on the non-uniform distribution of distances with respect to a reference surface or of tuned-source radiation directions of sources and or the non-uniform distribution of receivers with respect to a reference surface to partition or map the wave field from at least two different cones in the transformed domain and using the contribution of sources and or receivers inside at least one of the at least two different cones to estimate a first wave field of interest, a second separated or ghost wave field and/or redatuming operator.

Abstract: A seismic acquisition system includes a distributed optical sensor (having an optical fiber) and an interrogation subsystem configured to generate a light signal to emit into the optical fiber. The interrogation subsystem receives, from the distributed optical sensor, backscattered light responsive to the emitted light signal, wherein the backscattered light is affected by one or both of seismic signals reflected from a subterranean structure and noise. Output data corresponding to the backscattered light is provided to a processing subsystem to determine a characteristic of the subterranean structure.

Abstract: A seismic acquisition system includes a distributed optical sensor (having an optical fiber) and an interrogation subsystem configured to generate a light signal to emit into the optical fiber. The interrogation subsystem receives, from the distributed optical sensor, backscattered light responsive to the emitted light signal, wherein the backscattered light is affected by one or both of seismic signals reflected from a subterranean structure and noise. Output data corresponding to the backscattered light is provided to a processing subsystem to determine a characteristic of the subterranean structure.

Abstract: A seismic acquisition system includes a distributed optical sensor (having an optical fiber) and an interrogation subsystem configured to generate a light signal to emit into the optical fiber. The interrogation subsystem receives, from the distributed optical sensor, backscattered light responsive to the emitted light signal, wherein the backscattered light is affected by one or both of seismic signals reflected from a subterranean structure and noise. Output data corresponding to the backscattered light is provided to a processing subsystem to determine a characteristic of the subterranean structure.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for acquiring marine seismic data to generate images or determine properties of an interior section of the Earth using vessels ing simultaneous sources. The time required to acquire a seismic survey is decreased by increasing the speed of the source towing vessel (or decreasing the data sampling density, or increased sampling interval) using multiple simultaneous sources. After separation with simultaneous source technique and combination of separated datasets, seismic data with designed data sampling density or better are acquired.

Abstract: A technique includes towing a spread of at least one streamer to acquire seismic data in response to energy produced by a seismic source. The technique includes towing the seismic source at least 100 meters behind a front end of the spread to configure the spread to acquire a split spread gather record.